THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY

EDITED BY

7. &. PAGE, στ, τ: ΝΟΥ. Pu., LL.p. we TD. ROUSE, τ Ὁ.

LYRA GRAECA Ifl

LYRA GRAECA

BEING THE REMAINS OF ALL THE GREEK LYRIC POETS FROM EUMELUS TO TIMOTHEUS EXCEPTING PINDAR

NEWLY EDITED AND TRANSLATED BY

J. M. EDMONDS

LATE FELLOW OF JESUS COLLEGE LECTURER IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE

IN THREE VOLUMES

VoLuMmME III INCLUDING

CoRINNA BACCHYLIDES TIMOTHEUS THE ANONYMOUS FRAGMENTS THE FOLK-SONGS AND THE SCOLIA WITH AN ACCOUNT OF GREEK Lyric POETRY

LONDON : WILLIAM HEINEMANN

NEW YORK GP. ΡΟΝ SONS MCMXXVII

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Printed in Great Britain '

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PREFACE

Tue third and last volume, which brings this collection down to the end of the Athenian Age, was to have included, following Bergk’s example, the Anacreontea, and to have ended with an Appendix of New Fragments published too late to be printed in the earlier volumes. The volume’s unusual length, caused among other things by the difficulty of estimating the amount of material available, has made it necessary to transfer the dnacreontea to a forthcoming volume containing the Greek Elegiac and Iambic Poets, and to withhold the New Frag- ments for the present. [For this change I must apologise to my readers. There is this, however, to be said, that by postponing the printing of the New Fragments till a reprint of the earlier volumes is called for—and I understand that this will not be very long—I shall be able to print them nearer to their proper places, and meanwhile most of my new ‘restorations’ will be found in the Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society next spring.

The Account of Greek Lyric Poetry has worked out longer than I expected, but having written it I find I cannot cut it down without changing its character. It is intended to be rather more than a catalogue, which would have been unnecessary, and a good deal less than a history, which would have gone beyond the scope of this Series. I hope its discussion of origins, without which any adequate

ν

PREFACE

account of the subject would be impossible, will not be thought out of place. Its position is unusual, but I do not regret it. Like many so-called introductions it will read, as it was written, the better for being taken last.

Many new readings will be found in Bacchylides, Timotheus, and Philoxenus. They have nowhere, I think, been preferred to those of earlier editors without good reason, generally palaeographical. Those of Bacchylides come of long study of the British Museum Papyri, in the chief of which a large number of the accepted readings were found inconsistent either with the length of the gap or with the possible reading of doubtful letters. The new readings of the Persae, which are mostly due to the filling of gaps not previously attempted, are based on the facsimile and confirmed by the autopsy of Dr. Schubart. With the Banquet there was still much for ordinary emendation to do; I have thought it sufhcient here to avail myself of the published accounts of the MSS.

My thanks are due to the Egypt Exploration Society for permission to include the two Encoma of Bacchylides, to Messrs. H. J. M. Milne and H. I. Bell of the British Museum and to Dr. Schubart of the Berlin Museum for their expert help with the Papyri, to Professor A. S. Hunt for access to new material and permission to print it, to Mr. A. D. Knox for several valuable suggestions, particularly with regard to the metre, on the Banquet of Phi- loxenus, to Dr. A. B. Cook and Mr. H. Rackham for giving me the benefit of their criticism of the Epilogue, to the general editors of the Series for dealing kindly with a sometimes refractory con-

Vi

PREFACE

tributor, and to the stafts of the publisher and printer for giving satisfactory presentment to many pages particularly troublesome to set up.

In a recent review of a similar collection of frag- ments, it was objected that the compilers of such books do not follow some accepted numeration, such as that of the Teubner series. In this book it was impossible. New discoveries had made both Bergk and Hiller-Crusius out of date, and the edition of Diehl, even if it was to contain all the fragments and notices gathered in these volumes, had not been completely published. I hope that the numeration- tables will do something to ease the difficulty of tracing old favourites to their new homes.

J take this opportunity of correcting a few mis- takes not yet corrected in Volumes i and ii. On page 5 of Vol. i. 1. 7, for lyre-sung read flute-sung ; pect. Ὁ from bottom, for or read and; p. 25, 1. 6, for composer read performer, 1]. 8 omit epic; p. 28 bottom, add Procl. Chr. 320a. 33, Poll. 4. 66; p. 72, 1. 3, for ye read ya; p. 345, 1. ὃ from bottom of notes, ja 1 read 33; p. 369, fr. 15, add cf. Callim. 3. 4 (Mair); p. 443, 1. 7, add 212; p. 445, Dracon, for A.D. 180 read 100 u.c.? On page 10 of Vol. ii. 1. 11, for ἔντος read ἐντὸς ; p. 12 middle, for ᾽Ορέστεια read ᾿Ορεστεία ; p. 123 top, for colonised read went to live in; p. 137, 1. 6, and p. 278, 1. 7, add Arist. “A@. Πολ. 18; p. 341 bottom, for χλεύης read λέσχης, and for Schw. rightly, ete. read come from Callim. Aitia (i. τι Πα}; p. 453, 1. 8, for 53 z.c. read 530 3.c.; Ρ. 463 top, for Lyaeus read Lycaeus.

J. M. Epmonps. CAMBRIDGE, July 15, 1927. Vii

CONTENTS

PAGE

pl φφφιΠπι ε Vv Ms ll ltl Cll lll lt 2 CT τοῦς ΦΨΕοΨψἔὁοόΨιἔὃοΨιἔὁοσ ΞΕ ΕΞ ΕΕ 6 PENS lll ll lll Cl 10

ΤΠ ΡΠΟΟΒ . τς. lll tll tl wlll el 0. 40 CHARIXENA ee Se. Ok Se a ee ae

DIONYSIUS, LAMPRUS, PRATINAS . ... .. . 46 LL OTE Sg 9 3 STS: I SS 8 SITE'S ae rf MOU lk ἡ. tt ti‘ Peemmememe: LIEBE. . + .« »« «+ « «© © » « OU POEMS AND FRAGMENTS: BOOK ΝΙΝ... lk tC MOOK IPPAEAWS . . « « + « « « 88 BOOK III. DITHYRAMBS ..... . 92 BOOK IV. PROCESSIONALS Soe a. ee ee BOOK V. MAIDEN-SONGS . ... . . 122 BOOK VI. DANCE-SONGS' . . . . . . 122 BOOK VII. VICTORY-SONGS are BOOK VIII. LOVE-SONGS eee Sener BOOK IX. DRINKING-SONGS .. .. . 216 BOOK ΣΧ, INSCRIPTIONS Ὁ . . «+» . 220 ΒΟΒΗΘΟῚ ΒΒ: PABANS . . . « «© « «© «© «© © « 298

CONTENTS

ION OF CHIOS: LYRIC FRAGMENTS . MELANIPPIDES: LIFE en eee FRAGMENTS . . . «© « EURIPIDES: VICTORY-SONG . . . . HIBRONYMUS . . «™s Uy Beg se CLEOMENES, LAMYNTHIUS, GNESIPPUS LEOTROPHIDES ee Ὁ ΨέοιόΡ-

CINESIAS SOM oc eer PHRYNIS ane

PRONOMIUS 2 « «© «© «© « -«¢ TELESTES .« «© « © s «© w» «© @ TIMOTHEUS: LIFE nee ae

FRAGMENTS : BOOK I. HYMNS . BOOK II. DITHYRAMBS . BOOKS III-XXI. NOMES .

LICYMNIUS ee ee ee Ὁ PHILOXENUS SON OF ERYXIS PHILOXENUS OF LEUCAS —— ἾΝἮ

PHILOXENUS OF CYTHERA: LIFE. . FRAGMENTS . «© «© «#6 BCID RON 26 © & 9 4 se ae

Ol" 600) eS, Sarai AEE TS. We) oa τὰ τ τ ΘΙ ΑΗΘ τ΄. τ τ -: ARISTOTLE: ODE TO HERMEIAS : HERMOLOCHUS a. ee ΑΚ LYCOPHRONIDBS . . « & +. XENOCRITUS AND XENODAMUS. . . MYIA, MYNNA, THEANO . .. . .

Χ

CONTENTS

ANONYMOUS FRAGMENTS: Mere (ἢ) . . lw le lle SAPPHO OR ALCAEUS(?) . . STESICHORUS OR IBYCUS (3) ANACREON (?) eC sore MithebatER POETS . .. .

FOLK-SONGS :

INTRODUCTION e e . 4 .

BOOK 1. BOOK II. BOOK III. BOOK IV. BOOK V. BOOK VI. BOOK VII.

HOSGODS 2. . « . OTHER RITUAL SONGS OCCUPATIONAL SONGS GAME-SONGS .. . AVERTING-SONGS. . LOVE-SONGS . . . TO MEN . .. .

SCOLIA OR DRINKING-SONGS: INTRODUCTION . . . .«. «

BOOK I. BOOK 11. BOOK ΤΙ.

ATTIC SCOLIA. . . SCOLIA OF THE SEVEN OTHER SCOLIA . .

AN ACCOUNT OF GREEK LYRIC POETRY TABLES OF COMPARATIVE NUMERATION INDEX OF AUTHORS . .. =. .-« -» GENERAL INDEX OF NAMES . . . . INDEX TO TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN EPILOGUE GREEK INDEX TO EPILOGUE oil sae ee

°

SAGES

°

PAGE

420 428 440 442 444

448 508 516 532 536 542 544 548

545 560 576 580

582

τ ῳ eal << a OC «' ad κα

MTPTIAOS Bios

Suid. Kopuva: . . . μαθήτρια Muptidos.

Ibid. Πίνδαρος" . . . μαθητὴς δὲ Μυρτίδος γυναικός.

Corinna fr, 11.

Anth, Pal. 9.26 ᾿Αντιπάτρου Θεσσαλονικέως" εἰς τὰς Evvéa Avpixas ἸΠ]οιητρίας"

.. . Νοσσίδα θηλύγλωσσον ἰδὲ γλυκυαχέα

MivpTiv. .

Tat. adv. Graec. 33 [π. εἰκόνας τὰς τῶν ἐνδόξων γυναικῶν} ... Βοΐσκος (ἐχαλκούργησε) Δίυρτίδα.

PT PTIAGS MéAn

Plut. Qu. Gr. 40 ‘Tis Εὔνοστος ἥρως ἐν Τανάγρᾳ καὶ διὰ τίνα αἰτίαν τὸ ἄλσος αὐτοῦ γυναιξὶν ἀνέμβατόν ἐστιν ;᾿----Ἐλιέως τοῦ Κηφίσον καὶ Σκιάδος Εὔνοστος ἦν vids, ᾧ φασὶν ὑπὸ νύμφης Εὐνόστας ἐκτραφέντι τοῦτο γενέσθαι τοὔνομα. καλὺς δὲ ὧν καὶ δίκαιος οὐχ ἧττον ἦν σώφρων καὶ αὐστηρός" ἐρασθῆναι δὲ αὐτοῦ λέγονσιν “Oxvay, μίαν τῶν Κολωνοῦ θυγατέρων ἀνεψιὰν οὖσαν"

MYRTIS Lire

Suidas Lexicon: Corinna:— .. . A_ pupil of Myrtis,

The Same: Pindar:— ... A pupil of the woman Myrtis.

Corinna fr. 11 (p. 15).

Palatine Anthology: Antipater of Thessalonica; on the Nine Lyric Poetesses :—

. . . Nossis the woman-tongued and sweet-sound- 1Π τ πνιιἰς. . ι

Tatian Against the Greeks [representations of famous women]... A bronze statue of Myrtis was made by Boiscus.

MYRTIS Lyric Poems

Plutarch Greek Questions: ‘Who is the hero Eunostus at Tanagra, and what is the origin of the custom which forbids women to set foot in his sacred grove ?’—Elieus, the son of Cephisus and Scias, had a son Eunostus, who is said to have taken his name from a nymph Eunosta who brought him up. Though an honourable character was combined in him with ἢ good looks, he was an austere man, and the story goes that when one of his cousins the daughters of Colonus, a maiden

3 ΒΦ

LYRA GRAECA

ἐπεὶ δὲ πειρῶσαν 6 Εὔνοστος ἀπετρέψατο καὶ λοιδορήσας ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς κατηγορήσων, ἔφθασεν i) παρθένος ταὐτὸ πράξασα ΕἾ f , \ > \ v \ , κατ᾽ ἐκείνου καὶ παρώξυνε τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς "Ἔχεμον καὶ Λέοντα καὶ Βούκολον ἀποκτεῖναι τὸν Εὔνοστον, ὡς πρὸς βίαν αὐτῇ συγγεγε- ’ ~ ‘ 3 2 νημένον. ἐκεῖνοι μὲν οὖν ἐνεδρεύσαντες ἀπέκτειναν τὸν νεανίσκον" 6 δὲ Ἐλιεὺς ἐκείνους ἔδησεν: ἣ δ᾽ “Oxva μεταμελομένη καὶ , ~ er Α (aN ? / f Co ‘ γέμουσα ταραχῆς, ἅμα μὲν αὑτὴν ἀπαλλάξαι θέλουσα τῆς διὰ τὸν ἔρωτα λύπης, ἅμα δ᾽ οἰκτίρουσα τοὺς ἀδελφούς, ἐξήγγειλε πρὸς τὸν ἙἘλιέα πᾶσαν τὴν ἀλήθειαν, ἐκεῖνος δὲ Κολωνῷ: Κολωνοῦ δὲ δικάσαντος οἱ μὲν ἀδελφοὶ τῆς “Oxvas ἔφυγον, αὐτὴ δὲ κατεκρήμ- ᾿ ε φ. “ νισεν ἑαυτήν, ὡς Μυρτὶς ἢ ᾿Ανθηδονία ποιήτρια μελῶν ἱστόρηκεν. ~ \ 3 ε “ ἊΨ of ? , 3 “

τοῦ δὲ Εὐνόστου τὸ ἡρῷον καὶ τὸ ἄλσος οὕτως ἀνέμβατον ἐτηρεῖτο καὶ ἀπροσπέλαστον γυναιξίν, ὥστε πολλάκις σεισμῶν ἢ αὐχμῶν ἢ διοσημιῶν ἄλλων γενομένων ἀναζητεῖν καὶ πολυπραγμονεῖν ἐπιμελῶς τοὺς Ταναγραίους, μὴ λέληθε γυνὴ τῷ τόπῳ πλησιάσασα.

MYRTIS

named Ochna, fell in love with him and tried to win him, he rejected her suit with contumely and went off to lodge a complaint with her brothers. But she was before him, and made the like accusation of him, urging her brothers Echemus, Leon, and Bucolus to slay him for having forced her. Where- upon they set an ambush and slew the poor boy, and shortly after were taken prisoners for it by Elieus. Repenting her crime and torn between a lover’s remorse and a sister’s pity, Ochna now told Elieus the whole truth, and Elieus taking it to Colonus, Colonus gave his judgment, and the brothers fled the country and their sister threw herself down a precipice. Such is the account given by the poetess Myrtis of Anthedon. Thus came the shrine and grove of Eunostus to be forbidden ground to women, and indeed it often happened, in time of earthquake, famine, or other portent, that the citizens of Tanagra made careful enquiry whether a woman had not inadvertently approached the spot.

ΚΟΡΙΝΝΗΣ Βίος

Suid. Kop wa ᾿Αχελφοδώρου καὶ Ἵπποκρα- τείας,ἷ Onfaia 4 ἢ Tavaypaia, μαθήτρια ιυρτίδος: [ἐπωνόμαστο δὲ Μίνζα"] 5 λυρική. ἐνίκησε δὲ πεντάκις, ὡς λόγος, Πίνδαρον. ἔγραψε βιβλία πέντε καὶ ᾿Επιγράμματα καὶ Νόμους Λυρικούς.

Plut. Glor. Ath. 4. Pp 347 ἢ ἡ δὲ Κόριννα τὸν Πίνδαρον, 6 ὄντα νέον ἔτι καὶ TH λογιότητι σοβαρῶς χρώμενον, ἐνουθέτησεν. ὡς ἄμουσον ὄντα μὴ ποιοῦντα μύθους, ὃ τῆς ποιητικῆς ἔργον εἶναι συμβέβηκε, γλώσσας δὲ καὶ καταχρήσεις καὶ μεταφράσεις καὶ μέλη καὶ ῥυθμοὺς ἡδύσματα TOUS πράγμασιν ὑποτίθεται. σφόδρ᾽ οὖν ὁ Πίνδαρος ἐπιστήσας τοῖς λεγομένοις ἐποίησεν ἐκεῖνο τὸ μέλος" " Ισμηνὸν ἢ χρυσαλάκατον Μελίαν | 7 ἢ Κάδμον ἢ Σπαρτῶν ἱερὸν γένος ἀνδρῶν | 3) τὸ πάνυ σθένος Ἡρακλέους | 4 τὰν Διωνύσου πολυ- γαθέα τιμάν' δειξαμένου δὲ τῇ Κορίννῃ γελάσασα ἐκείνη τῇ χειρὶ δεῖν ἔφη “σπείρειν, ἀλλὰ μὴ ὅλῳ τῷ θυλάκῳ. τῷ γὰρ ὄντι συγκεράσας καὶ συμφορήσας πανσπερμίαν τινὰ μύθων ὁ Πίνδαρος εἰς τὸ μέλος ἐξέχεεν.

1 Crénert: mss προκρατίας 2 prob. belongs to a later Corinna, cf. Suid. 5. Κόριννα νεωτέρα

6

CORINNA Lire

Suidas Lexicon: Corinna :—Daughter of Achelo- édorus and Hippocrateia, of Thebes or of Tanagra ; pupil of Myrtis; [nicknamed Myia ‘Fly’;] a lyric poetess. It is said that she was victorious five times over Pindar. She wrote five Books, and Inscriptions, and Lyric Nomes.

Plutarch Glory of Athens: When Pindar was as yet young, and prided himself overmuch on_ his command of language, Corinna censured his ill-taste because, though myths are the proper work of a poet, and forms of words, turns of phrase, changes of expression, tunes and rhythms mere embellish- ments, his poems were nevertheless devoid of them. Pindar took strong objection to her words and pro- ceeded to compose the lyric which begins: ‘ Ismenus, or gold-distaffed Melia, or Cadmus, or the holy race of the Sown, or the doughty might of Heracles, or the cheerful worship of Dionysus . . .᾿ 1 and showed it Corinna. Whereupon she retorted, laughing, that he should sow with the hand and not with the whole sack. For Pindar had simply made mixed drinks of his myths and then poured them into his song.

1 the stock themes of Theban mythology

LYRA GRAECA

Sch. Ar. Ach. 720 aryopatew" ἐν ἀγορᾷ διατρί- βειν ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ καὶ παρρησίᾳ" ἔστιν ᾿Αττικῶς, ὅθεν καὶ ἡ Κόριννα ἐλέγχει τὸν τοῦ Πινδάρου ᾿Αττικισμόν,, ἐπεὶ καὶ ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ τῶν Παρ- θενείων ἐχρήσατο τῇ λέξει.

Ael. ΚΗ. 13. 25 Πίνδαρος ὁ ποιητὴς ἀγωνι- ζόμενος ἐν Θήβαις ἀμαθέσι περιπεσὼν ἀκροαταῖς ἡττήθη Κορίννης πεντάκις. ἐλέγχων δὲ τὴν ἀμουσίαν αὐτῶν ὁ ἸΠίνδαρος σῦν ἐκάλει τὴν Κόρινναν.

Patts, 20. Ὁ Κορίννης δέ, ἣ μόνη δὴ ἐν Τανάγρᾳ ἄσματα ἐποίησε, ταύτης ἔστι μὲν μνῆμα ἐν περιφανεῖ τῆς πόλεως, ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ γυμνασίῳ γραφή, ταινίᾳ τὴν “κεφαλὴν ἡ Κόριννα ἀναδουμένη τῆς νίκης εἵνεκα 7) ἡ Πίνδαρον ἄσματι, ἐνίκησεν ἐν Θήβαις. φαίνεται δέ μοι νικῆσαι THS διαλέκτου τε εἵνεκα, ὅτι ἦδεν οὐ τῇ φωνῇ τῇ Δωρίδι ὥσπερ O Πίνδαρος, ἀλλὰ ὁποῖα συνήσειν ἔμελλον Αἰολεῖς, καὶ ὅτι ἦν γυναικῶν τότε ἤδη καλλίστη τὸ εἶδος, εἴ τις ἔτι 3 εἰκόνι δεῖ τεκμαίρεσθαι.

Prooem. Pind. fin. τὰ δὲ ὀνόματα τῶν προειρη-

ἢ a 3 \ if 3 , 3 al μένων bi ey ἐστὶ τάδε" Δλκμάν, Αλκαῖος, Σαπφώ, Στησίχορος, Ἴβυκος, ᾿Ανακρέων, Σεμω- νίδης, Βακχυλίδης, καὶ Πίνδαρος: τινὲς δὲ καὶ τὴν Κόρινναν.

1 Crénert: mss 7 Κ. ἐστὶ τοῦ Π. ἀττικιστί Ta?

3 these 5 words omitted in most mss.

1 of. Eust. 71. 326. 43, Them. 27. 334, Pind. Ὁ. 6. 90, Vit. Metr. Pind. 8 Dr.; the other Greeks called the Boeotians

8

LIFE ΟΕ CORINNA

Scholiast on Aristophanes Acharnians: ᾿Αγοράζειν :— to behave in the market-place with arrogance of manner and licence of speech; an Attic use of the word, for using which in Book I of his Mazden-Songs Corinna takes Pindar to task.

Aelian Historical Miscellanies: When the poet Pindar competed at Thebes he happened on ignorant judges, and was defeated five times by Corinna. By way of exposing their lack of good taste, he called Corinna a sow.!

Pausanias Description of Greece: Corinna, the only poet of Tanagra, is commemorated by a monument in the open street and by a painting in the gym- nasium. The latter represents her in the act of putting on the headband she won when she defeated Pindar in the lyric competition at Thebes. In my opinion her victory may be set down first to her dialect, because she did not sing like Pindar in Doric, but in a dialect which Aeolians would under- stand, and secondly because, if one may really judge from the portrait, she was at that time a remarkably good-looking woman.”

Introduction to Pindar: The names of the aforesaid lyric poets are these :—Aleman, Alcaeus, Sappho, Stesichorus, Ibycus, Anacreon, Simonides, Bacchy- lides and Pindar; [some authorities add to these Corinna ].?

swine; P. prob. meant to contrast her narrow and local con- servatism with the broadened outlook which had come of his sojourn at Athens—‘She is a mere Boeotian, I am a Greek’ 2 Tat. adv. Gr. 33 mentions a famous statue by Silanion ; see also Bernouilli Gr. Ikon. 88 Ὁ ai. Se. Dion, Thr. 21. 17, Tz. prol. Lyc. 252 M, Didym. 395 Schmidt

9

LYRA GRAECA

Prop. 2. 3. 9 Nee me tam facies, quamvis sit candida, cepit .. . . « » quantum Aeolio cum temptat carmina plectro, par Aganippeae ludere docta lyrae, et sua cum antiquae committit scripta Corinnae carminaque Erinnes non putat aequa suis.

Stat. Sev. 5. 3.156 ... . tu pandere doctus carmina Battiadae latebrasque Lycophronis arti Sophronaque implicitum tenuisque arcana Corinnae.

See also Clem, Al. Str. 4. 122, Sch. Diow® Tir, 469020, ust. /1. Ξϑ τυ 0.

KOPINNHS MEAQN Tepotwy A’ 1-10

Apoll. Pron. 325 a [π. τῆς eye)’ Βοιωτοὶ Cidv) * ὡς μὲν Τρύφων

ε ν wv = \ «ὦ , , ε

“νον ὡς be ἔνιοι, ὧν ἐστὶν ὁ “ABpwy, θέμα ἐστὶν ὃ συζύγως οἱ

αὐτοί φασι τῇ μὲν ἐγὼν τὴν iav, {τῇ δὲ ἐγώνη τὴν ἱώνει,) 3. εἴ γε

τὸ παρὰ Δωριεῦσιν ἡ εἰς εἰ μεταβάλλεται, τῇ δὲ ἐγώνγα τὴν ἱώνγα. Κόριννα (fr. 11)" καὶ ἔτι’

1 mss atri 2 Bek, 3 Ahr.

1 reading doubtful 2 Callimachus 3 tit. cf. Ant. Lib. 25: there may have been more than two books; the

Io

CORINNA

Propertius Elegies: Nor is it so much her face, fair though it be, that hath taken me captive... ‘tis rather when the melody begins of that Aeolian quill which can rival the lyre of Aganippe, ‘tis when she pits her own poetry against old Corinna’s, and deems Erinna’s verse! no match for what she writes herself.

Statius Greenwoods [to his father the school- master]: Thou’rt skilled to expound the songs of the Battiad,? or the secrets of the cramped Lyco- phron, Sophron’s mazes or the meagre Corinna’s mysteries.

CORINNA OLD-WIVES’ TALES 2 Book I 1-10

Apollonius Pronouns [on the Ist Person Singular]: The Boeotians use the form ἰών according to Tryphon.. . According to some writers, one of whom is Habron, it is a root of which one and the same people use the three forms, ἰών corresponding to ἐγώ, and idve: to éyévn—if we may regard the Dorian 7 as changed to e:—, and ἑώνγα correspond- ing to ἐγώνγα. Compare Corinna (fr.11); and in another place :

distribution of the fragments here is uncertain, but cf. initials of titles

11

LYRA GRAECA

ἱώνει δ᾽ εἱρώων ἀρετὰς χεἰροάδων «ποθείκω: 1 καλὰ γεροῖ᾽ ἀϊσομένα 3 Ταναγρίδεσσι λευκοπέπλυς" 3 5 μέγα δ᾽ ἐμῆς γέγαθε πόλις λιγδύροκωτίλης ἐνόπης.3

2

Paus. 9, 22. 2 τὸν δὲ Ἑρμῆν λέγουσι τὸν Πρόμαχον, Ἔρετρ: ἔων ναυσὶν ἐξ Εὐβοίας ἐς τὴν Ταναγραίαν σχόντων, τούς τε ἐφήβους ἐξαγαγεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν μάχην καὶ αὐτὸν ἅτε ἔφηβον στλεγγίδι ἀμυνόμενον μάλιστα ἐργάσασθαι τῶν Εὐβοέων τροπήν.

Apoll. Pron. 355 ὁ (Gram. ΟὟ. 1. 1. 74) [π. τῆς ἐμοῦ] ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ τῇ ἐμοῦς (σύζυγός ἐστιν) ἣ τεοῦς. .. καὶ ἔτι Κόριννα" περὶ τεοῦς “Ἑρμᾶς ποτ᾽ ΓἌρεα ὃ πουκτεῦι.

3, 4 Cram. 4. O. 1. 172. 14 [π. τῆς ἐς]: συνεμπίπτει δὲ ἡ ἐς πρόθεσις καὶ ἄλλῃ Βοιωτικῇ προθέσει τῇ ἐξ' ἐς Μουσάων ® ἂν δὲ φωνῆεν ἐπιφέρηται, διὰ δύο oo"

3 τ , q ἐσσαρχι πτολέμω

1 mss iwve: ηδ᾽ npwwy a. χειρωαδων : suppl. Εὶ Σ ΤΠ: MSS κι. γεροῖα εἰσομ. 3 mSs -πλοῖὶς, -πλους 4 ἐμῆς = ἐμαῖς Bockh: mss ἐμὴ -Ans -πης (dat. pl.) Bockh: mss -Aass - Tals 6 Wil: mss cp’eva 6 mss Μουσῶν, but ef. ibid. 278 7 Abr. : mss ἐσσ᾽ αρχιπτολέμου"

1 the previous 3 (?) lines of this introductory poem might have run ‘Some sing of Gods and Goddesses’ or the like:

12

CORINNA

But I, Iam come to sing the prowess of Heroes and Heroines, in fair old-wives’ tales for the white- robed daughters of Tanagra; and greatly doth their city rejoice in my clear sweet babbling cries.!

2

Pausanias Description of Greece: They say that one day when an Fretrian fleet put in on the coast of the territory of Tanagra, Hermes the Champion led the ephebi or youngest men into the field and by employing a strigil or flesh-scraper ephebus-like as a weapon, inflicted a severe defeat on the enemy.

Apollonius Pronowns [on the pronoun ‘me’]: Indeed along with ἐμοῦς ‘of me’ there goes a form τεοῦς ‘of thee’... Compare also Corinna :

For thy sake 2 Hermes fights? Ares with his fists.

3, 4?

Cramer Jncdita (Oxford) [on the preposition és ‘into’]: This form of the preposition is identical with another, the Boeotian form for ἐξ ‘out of’; compare

out of the Muses

but in that dialect if the preposition precedes a vowel it takes the form éso ; compare

beginneth warfare

the last 4 are from Heph. 110 (see on fr. 5), and do not certainly belong here 2 Tanagra’s 3 in this poem 4) 3, 4 would doubtless be taken (by a grammarian or metrician) from an early-placed poem; 1-3 could belong to the ἀρχή or σφραγίς, and 4-10 to the ὀμφαλός of a poem describing the battle (£)

13

LYRA GRAECA 5, % Ss, 8; 10

Heph. 110 [π. πολυσχηματίστων) ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν Γλυκωνείων τοιαῦτα σχήματα παραλαμβάνεται, οἷον ἐν τοῖς Kopivyns: (Jr. 1)" ὧδε καὶ τόδε"

Ky πεντείκοντ᾽ ῖ οὑψιβίας

ἔτι δὲ καὶ πλείοσιν αὕτη κέχρηται σχήμασιν"

δ , 9° 9 94,9 Μ“

@patos* wot ἐφ ἵππω

re \ 93 UA 3 κάρτα μὲν ἐμβριμάμενοι πόλιν δ᾽ ἔἕπραθ᾽ ὁ μὲν προφανεὶς yAOUKGU δὲ TUS ἀΐδων ὅ

πελέκεσσι δονεῖτη ©

11

Apoll. Pron. 325 ἃ [π. τῆς ἐγώ] . .. τῇ δὲ ἐγώνγα τὴν ἰώνγα Κόριννα" μέμφομη δὲ κὴ λιγδύρὰν Μεουρτίδ᾽ twvya, ef Ἂ a 3 ote Bava dove ἔβα Πινδάροι ποτ᾽ ἔριν.

12 Ibid, 95a ἡ ἐμοῦς κοινὴ οὖσα Συρακουσίων καὶ Βοιωτῶν, καθὺ λαὶ Κόριννα καὶ ᾿πίχαρμος ἐχρήσαντο.

1 mss καὶ πεντή. 2mss δούρ. 3 Herm.-Croén. -£: mss κατὰ μὲν βριμούμ. 4 8: mss ἐπράθομεν 5 Croén. : mss τίς ἄδων 5 mss δονεῖται 7 Bockh-B-Wil.: mss peuqpopar δε kar A. μυρτιδα and πινδαριοιο : for Bava cf. Hdn. μον. λέξ, 1.18. 25

14

CORINNA

5, 6. "G8, 9, 10

Hephaestion Handbook of Metre [on ‘ polyschematist or irregular verse]: Similarly such types occur in Glyconics, for instance in those of Corinna: (fr. 1) ; so also this:

and fifty did [Hermes?] of the lofty might [lay low ?] And yet further varieties are used by her: [riding] his ship like a horse all snorting upon him right fiercely he appeared before them and sacked their city and singing to them sweetly

[the air?] whistles with whirling axes

11

Apollonius Pronouns [on the Ist Person]: ... and favya corresponding to éya#vya. Compare Corinna:

And I, I find fault even with the clear sweet Myrtis, because, woman though she be, she hath striven against Pindar.}

12° The Same: The form ἐμοῦς of me

is used both by the Syracusans and by the Boeotians, being found in Epicharmus and Corinna.

1 prob. from the σφραγίς of an early-placed poem 2 12-14 prob. came early in Bk. I. TS

-

LYRA GRAECA

is Ibid. 12] ὁ ἀξ ὧν". . . ὁμοίας Βοιωτοὶ e 7ὔ ἁμίων ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς κτητικῆς

ἁμῶν δόμων

14 Ibid. 106 ἃ τῇ τίν σύζυγος ἣ ἵν. «΄. ἐστὶ καὶ ἢ

ld

ELV ἀπὸ τῆς τεΐῖν παρὰ ᾿Αντιμάχῳ καὶ Kopivyn, ἐπὶ aitiatixns! ἔσθ᾽ ὅτε παραλαμβανομένη.

15

Prisc. Inst. (Gram. Lat.) 1. 36: in plerisque tamen Aeoles secuti hoc facimus. 11}1 enim @ovyarnp dicunt pro θυγάτηρ, ov corripientes, vel magis v sono w soliti sunt pronuntiare, ideo- que adscribunt o, non ut diphthongum faciant, sed ut sonum v Aeolicum ostendant, ut

ἄς μὰ ἐἀλλάχρι χθονὸς ἀπο ὅπ θούγατερ.

16-17 ᾿Ασπὶς ᾿Αθάνας Anth., Pal. 9. 26. ᾿Αντιπάτρον Θεσσαλονικέως᾽" εἰς τὰς "Evvea Λυρικὰς Ποιητρίας᾽ . . . καὶ σέ, Κόριννα, θοῦριν ᾿Αθηναίης ἀσπίδα μελψαμέναν.

17 Plut. Mus. 14 ἄλλοι δὲ καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν θεόν (᾿Απόλλωτα) φασιν αὐλῆσαι. .. ἡ δὲ Κόριννα καὶ διδαχθῆναί φησι roy ᾿Απόλλω ὑπ᾽

᾿Αθηνᾶς αὐλεῖν.

1 Bek : mss δυπικῆς

16

CORINNA 13

The Same: ἁμῶν “οὗ us’: ... similarly the Boeotians say ἁμίων

of us and for the possessive, ἁμῶν ‘our’; compare

our houses

14 Apollonius Pronouns: To the 2nd Person rly ‘thee’ corre- sponds the 3rd Person ἵν ‘him’ or ‘her’... There is also a form ély him

corresponding to τεΐν, in Antimachus and Corinna, sometimes used as an accusative as well as a dative.

15 Priscian Principles of Grammar: In general, however, we follow the Aeolians, who say θουγάτηρ for θυγάτηρ ‘ daughter,’ with the diphthong short, or rather give the Greek v the value of the Latin w, and for that reason prefix o in writing, not making a diphthong but the Aeolic v; compare:

O daughter of that land of fair dances, Hyria1

16-17 Tue SHietp ofr ATHENA

Palatine Anthology: Antipater of Thessalonica; on the Nine Lyric Poetesses: . . . and thee, Corinna, who sangest of Athena’s martial shield.

li?

Plutarch Jfusic: Other authorities declare that Apollo played the flute himself ... Indeed Corinna says that Apollo was taught flute-playing by Athena.

1 in Boeotia 2 cf. Ibid. 5 17

VOL. III. σ

LYRA GRAECA 18-21 Bow rds

Hdn. π. μον. λέξ. 2. 917 παρὰ δὲ τῷ ποιητῇ Ποσειδάων. .. παρὰ μέντοι Βοιωτοῖς Ποτειδάων τραπέντος τοῦ σ εἰς τ' Κόριννα Βοιωτῷ "1

Tou δὲ μάκαρ, Kpovida? ΠΠοτιδά- wvos,® ἄναξ Ἰδοιωτέ.

19

Apoll. Pron, 122 b ὑμῶν: ... Αἰολεῖς ὑμμέων. . . οὑμίων Βοιωτοί"

A 4 e ὔ 3 ’ 4 TO δέ τις οὑμίων ἀκουσάτω Κόριννα.

20

Sch. Ap. Rh. 1. 551 ᾿Αρμενίδας δὲ ἐν τοῖς Θηβαϊκοῖς ’Augi- κτύονος υἱὸν Ἴτωνον ἐν Θεσσαλίᾳ γεννηθῆναι, καὶ ᾿Αλέξανδρος ἐν τῷ a τῶν Καρικῶν Ὑπομνημάτων Κορίννης ὑπομνησθείς.8

21

Ibid. 3. 1178 ᾿Ωγυγίας δὲ τὰς Θήβας ἀπὸ ᾿Ωγύγον τοῦ «- πρῶτον!» βασιλεύσαντος αὐτῶν. Κόριννα δὲ τὸν

“ — "Ωγδύγον 5 Βοιωτοῦ υἱόν" ἀπὸ τούτου δὲ καὶ τῶν Θηβῶν πύλαι.

22-224 Ἕπτ'᾽ ἐπὶ Θείβης

Apoll. Pron. 1196 Δωριεῖς ὑμές. .. Αἰολεῖς ὕμμες. .. Βοιωτοὶ μετὰ SipOdyyou τοῦ ον"

e Ἁ ᾿ 4 οὑμὲς δὲ κομισθέντες Κόριννα ‘Err ἐπὶ Θήβαις.

1 mss Kopivva: Βοιωτοὶ τοῦδε and τοῦ 2 gen. E: mss δη 3 mss Ποτειδάωνος 4 MSS ουμμιων 5 Cron: mss τῶν Kopivyns (or Καρικῶν) ὑπομνημάτων 6 mss “Nyuyov

18

CORINNA

18-21 Borotus

Herodian Words IVithout Parallel: In Homer the form is Poseidaon . . . but in Boeotian, with change of 5 to ¢, Poteidaon; compare Corinna in her Boeotus :

and happy thou, son thou of Poseidon son of Cronus, lord Boeotus.

το Apollonius Pronouns: ὑμῶν ‘of you’... The Aeolians use ὑμμέων. . . the Boeotians οὑμίων ; compare wherein let men listen to you;

Corinna. 20 2

Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes Argonautica: Armenidas declares in his 7hebaica that Amphictyon had a son Itonus born to him in Thessaly, and Alexander agrees with him, quoting Corinna in the Ist Book of his Treatise on Caria.

21

The Same: Thebes is called Ogygian from its first king Ogygus. Corinna makes

Ogygus the son of Boeotus. From him came the gates of Thebes.

22-224 Tue SEVEN AGAINST THEBES

Apollonius Pronouns: The Dorians say for ‘ you’ bués . . . the Aeolians dupes . . . the Boeotians the form with the diphthong οὐμές ; compare:

and you being brought hither? Corinna Seven against Thebes.

1 doubtless belongs to an early-placed poem; the metre would suit this, but its position is not certain οὐ 00} 9,1, Steph. Byz. Βοιωτία 3 from Argos

19 c 2

LYRA GRAECA

2A

Sch. Τὶ 11. 17.197 γηράς: ἀποκοπὴ τοῦ γηράσας, ὡς ὑποφθάς, ἐπιπλώς" καὶ Κόριννα

βροντάς +

ἀντὶ τοῦ βροντήσας.

23-234 Etwvovpin Sch. 71, 2. 496 AvAisa‘ . . . ἀπὸ Αὐλίδος τῆς Εὐωνύμον τοῦ Κηφισοῦ. 29Α

Apoll. Pron. 136¢ [π. τῆς ἐός7 Αἰολεῖς μετὰ τοῦ F κατὰ

a “ 4 πᾶσαν πτῶσιν Kal γένος... duolws καὶ Βοιωτοί. Κόριννα Εὐωνουμίης ὃ

πῆδα Fov θέλωσα φίλης ἀγκάλη; ἑλέσθη 3

24 Ἐϊόλαος

ΑΡΟ]]. Pron. 118 Ὁ διὰ τοῦ ε ἡ νῶε παρὰ ᾿Αντιμάχῳ ἐν Θηβαΐδι . Καὶ

TOU TE νῶέ «τε» 3

ἐν ᾿Ιολάῳ Κόριννα.

25-27 Κατάπλους

Sch. Nic. Ther. 15 of δὲ πλείους Ταναγραῖον εἶναί φασι τὸν ᾿Ὡρίωνα. Κόριννα δὲ εὐσεβέστατον λέγει αὐτὸν καὶ ἐπελθόντα πολλοὺς τόπους ἡμερῶσαι καὶ καθαρίσαι ἀπὸ θηρίων.

1 Schn: mss κ᾽ ὥρινα Bpovras 2 mss evwyupins 8 πῆδα Foy and ἑλέσθη Bockh: mss πηδεγον ἐλεσθε

20

CORINNA

224A

Scholiast on the Zliad: ynpds ‘when he grew old’ :—An apocope or shortening of γηράσας like ὑποφθάς and ἐπιπλώς, and Corinna’s βροντάς

striking with the thunderbolt!

for βροντήσας.

93-934 Tue Daucuters or Evonymus

Scholiast on the Jiiad: Aulis: .. . from Aulis daughter of Euonymus son of Cephisus.?

234

Apollonius Pronouns [on the possessive ἐός ‘his’ or ‘her’]: The Aeolians use the form with digamma (16) in every person and gender ... Similarly the Boeotians; compare Corinna in the Dauyhters of Euonymus :

desiring to take her son in her loving arms.

24 Ἰοιιαῦϑ

Apollonius Pronouns [on the Ist Person Dual]: The form with e, y@e, occurs in Antimachus’ Thcbaid and in

thou and we twain

from the Jolaiis of Corinna.

25-27 Tue Return?

Scholiast on Nicander Antidotes to the Bites of Beasts: The more usual view is that Orion hailed from Tanagra; according to Corinna he was a man of great piety who went about to many places reclaiming them and purging them of wild beasts.

1 ref. to Capaneus? Crén. 8 cf. 33. 72, Steph. Byz. Αὐλίς 8 of Orion, healed of his blindness, to Chios for vengeance

21

LYRA GRAECA

Parth. 20 [π. ’Aepovs]* λέγεται δὲ καὶ Οἰνοπίωνος καὶ γύμφης Ἑλίκης ᾿Αερὼ κόρην γενέσθαι" ταύτης δὲ ᾿ΩὩρίωνα τὸν Ὑριέως ἐρασθέντα παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ παραιτεῖσθαι τὴν κόρην, καὶ διὰ ταύτην τὴν τε νῆσον ἐξημερῶσαι τότε θηρίων ἀνάπλεων οὖσαν, λείαν TE πολλὴν περιελαύνοντα τῶν προσχώρων ἕδνα διδόναι" τοῦ μέντοι Οἰνοπίωνος ἑκάστοτε ὑπερτιθεμένου τὸν γάμον διὰ τὸ ἀποστυγεῖν αὐτῷ γαμβρὸν τοιοῦτον γενέσθαι, ὑπὸ μέθης ἔκφρονα γενόμενον τὸν ᾿Ὡρίωνα κατᾶξαι τὸν θάλαμον ἔνθα ἡ παῖς ἐκοιμᾶτο, καὶ βιαζόμενον ἐκκαῆναι τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ Οἰνοπίωνος.

20

Apoll. Pron. 105 Ὁ [π. τῆς τίν] τίθεται παρὰ Kopivyn καὶ ἐπὶ αἰτιατικῆς ἐν Κατάπλῳ᾽

> \ \ ἰς Ν ον, οὗ γὰρ τὶν ὁ φθονερὸς οὐ |". .-..

ἀντὶ τοῦ σὲ καὶ σαφὲς ὡς κατ᾽ ἐναλλαγὴν πτώσεως.

27

Ibid. 98b ἑοῦς: αὕτη ἀκόλονθος Δωρικῇ TH τεοῦς, ἣ συνεχῶς καὶ Κόριννα ἐχρήσατο' ἐν Κατάπλῳ"

/ > ¢ s νίκασ᾽ ὁ μεγαλοσθένεις ᾽ / , > 3 > tC A Qapiwv, χώραν T aT εοῦς πᾶσαν ὠνδύμηνεν.3

28 Κορωναίη

Ant. Lib. 25 Μητιόχη καὶ Μενίππη' ἱστορεῖ Νίκανδρος" Ετεροιου- μένων 8’ καὶ Κόριννα Γεροίων a’. ᾿Ωρίωνος τοῦ Ὑριέως ἐν Βοιωτίᾳ θυγατέρες ἐγένοντο Μητιόχη καὶ Μενίππη" αὗται ὅτε Ὠρίωνα ἠφάνισεν ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἌΑρτεμις, ἐτρέφοντο παρὰ τῇ μητρί. καὶ

1 EH -- ζημιοῖ (the citation showed τίν to be accus.): mss δαιμωτ 26: Herm. ὃν

22

CORINNA

Parthenius Love Romances [on Aéro]: The story goes that Aero was the daughter of Oenopion and the nymph Helicé, and Orion the son of Hyrieus, falling in love with her, asked her of Oenopion in marriage, and for her sake reclaimed the island (of Chios) by purging it of the wild beasts that infested it ; moreover he drove off large herds of cattle from the neighbouring farms to be her bridal gift. Oenopion, however, had no stomach for such a son-in-law, and whenever the day was fixed deferred it, till one night, fuddled with drink, Orion broke into the chamber where the girl lay asleep; whereupon Oenopion laid violent hands upon him and put out his eyes with a firebrand.

26 Apollonius Pronouns [on the form τίν ‘thee’]: It is used also by Corinna in the accusative ; compare the Return:

for thou art not harmed by this jealous man?

where τίν is for σέ by interchange of eases.

27

The Same: ἑοῦς ‘of him’:—This corresponds to the Doric

teous ‘of thee,’ which is frequently used by Corinna ; compare the Return:

The mighty man Orion won the day, and gave all the land his name.

98 Tue SuHuttce-Matipdens 2

Antoninus Liberalis Jfetamorphoses: Metioché and Me- nippe:—Told by Nicander in the 4th Book of the 7’rans- formations and by Corinna in the Ist Book of her Old- Wives’ Tales. To Orion son of Hyrieus were born in Boeotia two daughters, Metioché and Menippe, who when Artemis re- moved Orion from this world were thenceforth brought up

1 Aero to her father? 2 cf. Ov. Met. 13. 692 23

LYRA GRAECA

᾿Αθηνᾶ μὲν ἐδίδασκεν αὐτὰς ἱστοὺς ἐξυφαίνειν, ᾿Αφροδίτη δὲ αὐταῖς ἔδωκε κάλλος. ἐπεὶ δὲ ᾿Αονίαν ὅλην ἔλαβε λοιμὸς καὶ πολλοὶ ἀπέθνῃσκον, θεωροὺς ἀπέστειλαν παρὰ τὸν ᾿Απόλλωνα τὸν Γορτύ- viov. καὶ αὐτοῖς εἶπεν ὁ θεὸς ἱλάσσασθαι δύο τοὺς ἐριουνίους θεούς" ἔφη δὲ καταπαύσειν αὐτοὺς τὴν μῆνιν, εἰ δύο δυσὶν ἑκοῦσαι παρθένοι θύματα γένοιντο. πρὸς δὲ δὴ τὸ μαντεῖον οὐδεμία τῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει παρθένων ὑ ὑπήκουσεν, ἄχρι γυνὴ θῆσσα τὸν χρησμὺν ἐξήνεγκε πρὸς τὰς θυγατέρας τοῦ ᾿Ωρίωνος. αἱ δ᾽ ὡς ἐπύθοντο περὶ τὸν ἱστὸν ἔχουσαι, τὸν ὑπὲρ ἀστῶν θάνατον ἐδέξαντο πρὶν ἢ τὴν ἐπιδήμιον ἐπιπεσοῦσαν αὐτὰς ἀφανίσαι νόσον. τρὶς δὲ Bonodpevar χθονίους δαίμονας, ὅτι αὐτοῖς ἑκοῦσαι θύματα γίνονται, ἐπάταξαν ἑαυτὰς τῇ κερκίδι παρὰ τὴν κλεῖδα καὶ ἀνέρρηξαν τὴν σφαγήν. καὶ αὗται μὲν ἀμφότεραι κατέπεσον ἐς τὴν γῆν, Φερσεφόνη δὲ καὶ “Aidns οἰκτί- ραντες τὰ μὲν σώματα τῶν παρθένων ἠφάνισαν, ἀντὶ δ᾽ ἐκείνων ἀστέρας ἀνήνεγκαν ἐκ τῆς γῆς οἱ δὲ φανέντες ἀνηνέχθησαν εἰς οὐρανόν, καὶ αὐτοὺς ὠνόμασαν ἄνθρωποι κομήτας. ἱδρύσαντο δὲ πάντες “Aoves ἐν ᾿Ορχομενῷ τῆς Βοιωτίας ἱερὸν ἐπίσημον τῶν παρθένων τούτων, καὶ αὐταῖς καθ᾽ ἕκαστον ἔτος κόροι τε καὶ κόραι μειλίγματα φέρουσιν. προσαγορεύουσι δὲ αὐτὰς ἄχρι νῦν Αἰολεῖς Kopwyalas } παρθένους.

29-30 Μινοναίη

Ibid. 10 Muivuddes: ἱστορεῖ Νίκανδρος Ἑ τεροιουμένων δ΄ καὶ Κόριννα. Μινύου τοῦ ᾿Ορχομενοῦ ἐγένοντο θυγατέρες Λευκίππη, ᾿Αρσίππη, ᾿Αλκαθόη, καὶ ἀπέβησαν ἐκτόπως φιλεργοί. πλεῖστα δὲ καὶ τὰς ἄλλας γυναῖκας ἐμέμψαντο, ὅτι ἐκλιποῦσαι τὴν πόλιν ἐν τοῖς ὔρεσιν ἐβάκχευον, ἄχρι Διόνυσος εἰκασθεὶς κόρῃ παρήνεσεν αὐταῖς μὴ ἐκλείπειν τελετὰς ἢ μυστήρια τοῦ θεοῦ" αἱ δὲ οὐ προσεῖχον. πρὸς δὴ ταῦτα χαλεπήνας ὁ Διόνυσος ἀντὶ κόρης ἐγένετο ταῦρος καὶ λέων καὶ πάρδαλις, καὶ ἐκ τῶν κελεόντων

1 mss «εἴδας

1 Boeotia 2 in Crete * the oracle apparently ran ἱλάσσεσθε θεὼ ἐριουνίω αἴ κε γενῶνται | ὕμμιν θῦμα δνοῖσι κόραι δύο θεοῖσι ἑκοῖσαι 4 the writer seems to derive this name, which should mean ‘curved,’ from the boys and girls, κόροι

24

CORINNA

by their mother, being taught the art of weaving by Athena and given personal beauty by Aphrodite. When Aonia* was sore bested with a famine and the inhabitants were dying in great numbers, messengers sent to consult the Apollo of Gortyn? were told to ‘propitiate the two Gods of Aid’; their wrath would be appeased ‘if maidens two’ consented to be sacrificed to ‘deities twain.’* The oracle found no maiden of the city willing to obey it, till a bondwoman brought word of it away to the daughters of Orion. No sooner had she told them as they stood at the loom, than they accepted death for their neighbours’ sake rather than death by the plague, and crying thrice to the Gods below that they were a willing sacrifice, smote themselves with the shuttle beneath the chin, severed the vein of the throat, and fell both of them dead. In pity of them Persephoné and Hades made the maidens’ bodies to disappear, and raised up from out of the earth in the stead of them two stars, which appeared and rose into the sky, and men called them comets. And at Orchomenus in Boeotia all the Aonians built a shrine in remembrance of the maidens, whither every year boys and girls bring them offerings, and to this day they are known to the Aeolians as the Coronaeae or Shuttle- Maidens. 4

29-30 Tur Daucuters or Minyas

The Same: The Daughters of Minyas:—Told by Nicander in the 4th Book of the Transformations and by Corinna. To Minyas son of Orchomenus were born three daughters named Leucippe, Arsippe® and Alcathoé, who grew up to be extra- ordinarily industrious and find great fault with the other women for leaving the city to go and play Bacchanals in the hills. When at last Dionysus, in the shape of a girl, advised them not to neglect the God’s rites or mysteries, they paid no notice, whereupon Dionysus took umbrage and became instead of a maiden a bull, a lion, and a leopard, and

καὶ κόραι, but prob. κορωνῇ once meant among other things ‘shuttle,’ because the ends of it are sometimes slightly curved like the tips of a bow, or because it resembles the prow of a ship, cf. Germ. /V’eberschiff 5 Arsinoé in Plut. Q. G. 38, who describes the Dionysiac rite to which the story belonged

25

LYRA GRAECA

3 Ul if > a“ / \ \ A X ΄ yy ἐρρύη νέκταρ αὐτῷ καὶ γάλα. πρὸς δὲ τὰ σημεῖα Tas κόρας ἔλαβε δεῖμα, καὶ μετ᾽ οὐ πολὺ κλήρους εἰς ἄγγος ἐμβαλοῦσαι ἀνέπηλαν. ~ , ~ a ~ ἐπεὶ δ᾽ ὁ κλῆρος ἐξέπεσε Λευκίππης, ηὔξατο θῦμα τῷ θεῷ δώσειν, καὶ Ἵππασον τὸν ἑάυτῆς παῖδα διέσπασε σὺν ταῖς ἀδελφαῖς. καταλιποῦσαι δὲ τὰ οἰκεῖα τοῦ πατρὸς ἐβάκχενον ἐν τοῖς ὕρεσιν καὶ ἐνέμοντο κισσὸν καὶ μίλακα καὶ δάφνην, ἄχρις αὐτὰς Ἑρμῆς ¢€ i Cot et mf / 2 » > ~ ¢€ A 2 , ἁψάμενος τῇ ῥάβδῳ μετέβαλεν εἰς ὄρνιθας. καὶ αὐτῶν 7 μὲν ἐγένετο νυκτερίς, ἡ δὲ γλαῦξ, ἡ δὲ βύζα, ἔφυγον» δὲ αἱ τρεῖς τὴν αὐγὴν τοῦ ε 7 ἡλίου.

90 Apoll. Pron. 964 τεῦς: αὕτη σύζυγος τῇ eueds: ᾿Επίχαρμος . ἔστι δὲ Βοιωτιακὺὸν SnAdvas: A \ (s a TEUS γὰρ ὁ κλαρος"

ὃ περισπασθὲν τὴν πρωτότυπον σημαίνει.

31 ᾿γὙδύίτους

Sch. Eur. Phoen. 26 τινὲς δὲ καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτῷ (τῷ Οἱδί- ποδι) φασὶν ἀνῃρῆσθαι. ἀνελεῖν δὲ αὐτὸν οὐ μόνον τὴν Σφίγγα ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν Τευμησίαν ἀλώπεκα, ὡς Κόριννα.

Γεροίων B’

32 [Ayov? Ἐελικῶνος κὴ Κιθηρῶνος])

Tzetz. Prol. Hes. 30 Gaisf. ‘EAtkay δὲ καὶ Κιθαιρὼν ἀπὸ “Ἑλικῶνος καὶ Κιθαιρῶνος τῶν ἀδελφῶν ἐκλήθησαν, οἵτινες πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐπολέμησαν, καθὼς ὁ Κυρηναῖος Λυσίμαχος ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ Περὶ Ποιητῶν ἱστορεῖ.

1 not ἔρις, cf. 1. 18 and initial of title (2) to 33 (ἴῃ fr. 11 ἔρις has no technical connotation, though the context equates it to ἀγών)

26

CORINNA

their weaver’s beams ran him nectar and milk. At these portents the girls took fright, and shortly afterwards the three put lots in a vessel and shook it ; and when it fell to Leucippe she vowed she would make the God a sacrifice, and with the aid of her sisters tore in pieces her child Hippasus. Then leaving their father’s roof they went Maenads in the hills, and lived on ivy and eglantine and bay till Hermes with a touch of his wand turned the first into a bat, the second into a white-owl. and the third into an eagle-owl, and all three fled the rays of the sun.

30 Apollonius Pronowns: τεῦς ‘of thee’:—This corresponds to ἐμεῦς ‘of me’; compare Epicharmus... It is clearly

Boeotian ; compare for the lot is thine ;1

where the circumflex shows that it is the pronoun itself (and not the possessive adjective).

31 OdcrpIpPus

Scholiast on Euripides Phoenician JWomen: According to some authorities his own mother was slain by Oedipus, and he slew not only the Sphinx but, according to Corinna, the Teumesian Fox.

OLD-WIVES’ TALES

Book II 32 THe ConTEST BETWEEN HELICON AND CITHAERON

Tzetzes Introduction to Hesiod: Helicon and Cithaeron were named from the brothers who fought against one another, as we are told by Lysimachus of Cyrene in the first Book of his treatise On the Poets,

1 if this belongs here it is strange A. should not have found an instance earlier in the book; possibly the above title is not C.’s

27

LYRA GRAECA

Sch. Od. 3. 267 οὕτω Δημήτριος 6 Sadrnpevs’ Μενέλαος ἅμα τῷ ᾿Οδυσσεῖ ἐλθὼν εἰς Δελφοὺς τὸν θεὸν εἴρετο περὶ τῆς μελλούσης ἔσεσθαι εἰς Ἴλιον στρατείας. τότε δὴ καὶ τὸν ἐννεατηρικὸν τῶν Πυθίων ἀγῶνα ἠγωνοθέτει Κρέων, ἐνίκα δὲ Δημόδοκος Λάκων μαθητὴς Αὐτομήδους Μυκηναίου, ὃς ἦν πρῶτος δι᾽ ἐπῶν γράψας τὴν ᾿Αμφιτρύωνος πρὸς Τηλεβόας μάχην καὶ τὴν ἔριν Κιθαιρῶνός τε καὶ ᾿Ἑλικῶνος, ἀφ᾽ ὧν δὴ καὶ τὰ ἐν Βοιωτίᾳ ὄρη ᾿----

Pap. Berol. 284 Berl. Klassikertexte 5. ω. 0 (after 11 mutilated ll. containing [ἐο]υστέφανον, én’ = χορδάς, dpiwy, φοῦλον, yevebAa):

6.0.1 1εν[. Ὁ... Ἰώ [ata mew |yrav dab’ ᾧ[ὑγες] aol” [6180 Jody T ob AaOpaldaly a ay-

15 KOUAOMELTAO Kpove, τα- νίκα νιν κλέψε μάκηρα Peia,* μεγάλαν τ᾽ ἀθανάτων ἐσς ἕλε Tea. τάδ᾽ ἔμελψεν. μάκαρας δ᾽ αὐτίκα Moon

20 φέρεμεν ψάᾶφον ἐ ἔταττον κρδφίαν κάλπιδας ἐ ἐν 5 χρου- σοφαῖς" τὺ δ᾽ ἅμα πάντες ὦρθεν' πλίονας δ᾽ εἷλε ® Κιθηρών. τάχα δ᾽ “Ἑρμᾶς ἀνέφα μα- κρὸν ἀούσας, ἐρατὰν ὡς

25 ἕλε νίκαν, στεφάνυσιν [δ €? κατ᾽ Gav <dv>exoo pov [uaxalpes.? τῶ δὲ νόος γεγάθι.

8

[ὁ δὲ λο]ήύπησι κάθεκτος ἰχαλεπ᾽ῆσιν ii ελικὼν ἐ- 80 [σέρνε] λιττάδα πέτραν,

1.5 2 P gyn corrected from ὦνει 3 EH: these 2 letters perh. belong to a note, or I. 13 is the end of a

28

CORINNA

Scholiast on the Odyssey: The account of Demetrius of Phalerum is as follows:—Menelaiis came to Delphi with Odysseus and consulted the God about the coming Trojan War, and it was then that the eight-yearly Pythian festival was held by Creon, and the victor was the Laconian Demo- docus, a pupil of Automecdes of Mycenae, who was the first to write in epic verse of the battle of Amphitryon with the Teleboans and the fight between the Cithaeron and Helicon who gave their names to the mountains in Boeotia.

From a Papyrus of the 2nd Century (after 11 mutilated lines containing well-crowned, on the summit, strings [of the lyre], mountains, tribe, race) :

‘. . and the [goats] brought gifts of holy [food], and gave it him unbeknown to crooked-counselled Cronus in the days after divine Rhea had deceived him + and won great honour of the Immortals.’ So sang Cithaeron, and forthwith the Muses bade the Gods put their secret ballot-stones in the golden urns, and all at once they rose, and the more part of the votes was Cithaeron’s. And quickly did Hermes’ loud ery proclaim that he had won delightful victory, and the Gods adorned his head with wreaths,? and his heart was glad. But Helicon, he was whelmed with bitter griefs, and tare out a smooth rock, and

1 restoration doubtful, but the ref. would seem to be to the miraculous feeding of the infant Zeus (at places which vary according to the version of the story) after his mother had saved his life by giving Cronus a stone to devour instead of his child 2 or perh. adorned him with wreaths on the ose [of the rock]; but one would expect στάντες or the ike

stanza (Aoxpav = ᾽Ασκραίων Ὁ or ᾿Ασίων 3) ; δάθια = ζάθεα (but ’w are doubtful letters) 4 P pea Sen. ες el (ele) ec rected from οθλε (€oAc perf. ? £) “eon re 5 ἡ) ἘΝ γε 8. Vollgraff compares Gr. Dial. Inschr. 5075 ἐς τὰν ἄνω ὥϊαν Tas πέτρας (suppl. Schroed. ) 9.1), 26-32 suppl. Wil.

29

LYRA GRAECA

[ἐνέδωκεν δ᾽ d[pols’ ὑκτρῶς ἰδὲ γο]ῶν ἦ οὑψόθεν εἴρι- / 3 9 (ὃ x φ: σέ [viv ἐῆν 5 μουριάδεσσι λαῦς (30 more mutilated lines containing προσίασι, μελίων, προσό- ρουσεν, φέγ[γοΞ], ny Tv, Ἵν ἄσα[ν], ἄνδρεσσιν, Διὸς

Mva-|[pooouvas tT... .] κώρῃ, Sch. ἐπικληθήσεσθαι, Ἐε[λικών], ὧδ᾽ ἄρα, dpos, κρονΐερ. .}, ἐραῖτ. .])

99 Τ[άμυ ᾿Ασωπιᾶν]) 101α. : Δίωσίάων βιοστεφάν)ων ὃ δῶρον ἔσλον ovT ἐϊνέπω δήϊμονας μέλπωσα)] μέλι, (17 mutilated lines containing ἐσ͵σόδιον, are. , ἀέλιος, θ]ουσίας, φίλα, φθ]ογγάν, iav, ᾿Ασωπί, ἐν νόμον, μελ]άθρων, ἂν πειμονάν)

4

ὧν "Ἡγίιναν, τιὰν γε]νέθλαν," Δεὺς [πατείρ, δωτεὶρ ἀ]γαθῶν ἴ (25 mutilated lines containing Kopxov[p , Motifddev . . πα]τεὶρ Σινξ[ώπαν, Θεσΐπιαν. . ἐ]στὶν ἔχων, σαφές", παρὰ θιῶν)

οὔ]ποκ᾽ avto[.... .]θων"8 Δᾶν]α γὰρ θιάς [τ᾿ ἐφέπω-]

50 σ᾽ εὐδήμων [ἔσετ᾽ εἴδει. τᾶν δὲ πήδων τρῖς μὲν ἔχι Δεὺς πατεὶρ πάντων βασιλεύς. τρῖς δὲ πόντω γᾶμε μέδων ΠΟοτιδάων, τῆν δὲ δούϊν

δῦ Φῦβος λέκτρα κρατούνι"

1 5112. 5 τε ἤρεισε: suppl. Wil. 8 Cron. 4. Εὶ (οὗτο = τοῦτο) ὡ. 6 Crén.-E£ . 1 ΜΝ πῆ ουποτ᾽ : ll, 48-50 suppl. Wil. 9. Sch. δὴ

30

CORINNA

the mountain-side gave way, and wailing piteously he thrust it down among the innumerable peoples.!

(The poem is completed by 30 mutilated lines containing they approach, limbs (or songs), he rushed towards, the light, of the Gods to the, they gave them their fill (?) as they came, to the men, daughters of Zeus and Memory, Scholion will be invoked, Hef[licon], thus then, mountain, cold, lovely)

383. Tue MarRIAGES oF THE DauGHTERS OF ASOPUS” From the Same Papyrus:

[Here] tell 1 ἃ [goodly] gift of the [violet-crowned | Muses, [hymning] divinities in song

(17 mutilated lines containing after-piece, like the . . sun, sacrifices, dear, voice, I, Asopus, into law, palace, into woe)

of whom Aegina, [thy] offspring, Zeus {the Father, giver] of good things

(25 mutilated lines containing Corcyra, father ... Poseidon hath Sinopé . . . Thespia, clearly, from the Gods)

never. ... For she? shall soon be happy waiting upon Zeus and the Goddesses. Of thy daughters, three are with Father Zeus the king: of all, three are wedded to Poseidon lord of the sea, two do share the bed of Phoebus, and one is wife to Maia’s

1 restoration of this sentence not quite certain 2 title uncertain ; the first letter of ‘marriages’ only survives, and that may belong not to the title but to a note 3 Asopus’

wife Metopé, daughter of river Ladon ( Wil.) 31

32

GO

70

75

80

LYRA GRAECA

τὰν © lav Mijas lees ας

πῆς Ἑρμᾶς. οὕτως } “πὰ “Epos KN Κούπρις πιθέταν tims 3

ἐν ,δόμως βάντας κρουφάδαν κώρας ἐννί᾽ ἑλέσθη.

τή TOK εἱρώων γενέθλαν ἐσγεννάσονθ' εἱμιθίων

κἄσσονθη πολουσπερίες.

Tee aT εἴρω T ἐς ἱμαντοσ δύνω τρίποδος ὦ τ ἐπεπούσμαν"] ὃ

τόδε γέρας κ[ ατέσχον ἰὼν 4 ἐς πεντείκοντα κρατερῶν ὁμήμων, πέδοχος ὃ προφά- τας σεμνῶν ἀδὸούτων λαχὼν ἀψεύδιαν ’Ax|pn|peiv.® πράτοι [μὲν] yap Λατοΐδας δῶκ᾽ ͵, Εὐωνοῦμοι τριπόδων ἐσς OV χρεισμὼς ἐνέπιν' τὸν δ᾽ ἐς γᾶς βαλὼν Οὐριεὺς τιμὰν δεύτερος ἶσχεν,

πῆς Ποτιδάωνος, ἔπι-

T ᾿ΩὩαρίων ἁμὸς γενέτωρ

γῆαν Fav ἀππασάμενος" *

χὠ μὲν ὠρανὸν ἀμφέπι

τιμὰν δ᾽ [ἔλλαχον ὃ οὕταν. τώνζεκ᾽ εὖ T ἔγνων ὃ ἐνέπω

T ἀτρέκιαν χρει]σμολόγον. ὃ TOU δέ, φίλ᾽, ixé T ἀ]θανάτυς 19 Kn AOULT ἐς Tapaxay | 11 φρένας dnpovlwy Fexov|pevor.” 15

CORINNA

good son Hermes. For them did Love and Cypris persuade to go secretly to thy house and take thy daughters nine.1. And they in good time shall bear thee a race of demigod heroes, and be fruitful mothers of children. Learn thou both the things thou didst ask of the oracular tripod, and how it is 1 learnt them. This honour have I of fifty mighty kinsmen, the share allotted Acraephen? in the holy sanctuary as forthteller of the truth.

For the son of Leto gave the right of speaking oracles from his tripods first unto Euonymus ; and Hyrieus 3 it was who cast him out of the land and held the honour second after him, Hyrieus son of Poseidon ; and my sire Orion took his land to him- self and had it next, and now dwells in heaven— that is his portion of honour. Hence comes it that I know and tell the truth oracular. And as for thee, my friend, yield thou to the Immortals and set thy mind free from tumult, wife’s father to the Gods.

1 the scholiast on Pind. 0. 6. 144 gives seven, Corcyra, Aegina, Salamis, Cleoné, Thebé, Harpinna, Nemea ; C. seems to have included Sinopé, Thespia, and (Paus. 9. 20 2). Tanagra : Diod. Sic. 4. 72 gives twelve, including besides the first six of the Sch. Peirené, Tanagra, Thespia, Asopis, Sinopé, Oenia, Chaleis; Apollod. 3. 12. 6 gives their number as twenty 2 the speaker; Jit. I, Acraephen, having been allotted the truth as a prophet sharing in (or, with emendation, as a prophet, in succession, of) the holy sanctuary 3 epony- mous hero of Tanagra

1 Ff, = τούτους : P οὕτω 2 Sch. reovs 8. 5 rei = τῇ (‘receive both that which thou didst ask of the mantic tripod and whence, 7.e. how, I had learnt it’): P τ᾿ ἅτέιρωτ᾽ ες (with

Sch. npwex) and wit’: μαντ. Wil. 4 Wil. 5 diddoxos? 6 2,6. ἀψεύδειαν: P must have had axpaipety dag τ ανακτησαμενος 8. Wil. wel a 10 Wil: Sch. exe

11 £, cf. Pind. 0.7.55 [153 Wil. from Sch. o της ylaundecons [πατ]ηρ ἡ Tov γηΐμανἾτος 33

VOL. Il. D

LYRA GRAECA

δ »Μ , 1 le ws ἔφα [wavtis]+ wepayets: ἊΝ aw 3 [4 τὸν δ᾽ Α[Ισωπος ἀσπασίως δεξίας φαψάμἽ]ενος δάκρου 7 [ὀκτάλλων 5 προβαλὼν 90 ὧδ᾽ ἀμίψζατο φ]ώνη:

(52 mutilated lines containing τεοῦς δέ, ξάδοϊμη, παύομ[η, ἕδν, δώσω, λαῦς, τόσον ἔφα, Πάρνεις, ξάδομή τε, Fadeiav, κεῖνο τεοῦς, Toux[a] τε, ἐσφσδ ερ[ἔ]υς (= ἐξερέοις Crén.), στέργω, Κιθηρ[ών, Πλειαΐδ, μειδέ, θουμόϊν, x Κιθίηρων, Πλάτη[αν, δ᾽ ἄγετ᾽ wl , κλᾶρος, Πάρνε[ις, θανοντί, Πάρνε[ι, and not concluding the poem)

94

Theod. π. Κλίσεων τῶν εἰς ὧν Βαρυτόνων Excerp. Hdn, Hilgard τὸ Λάδων ὑπὸ ᾿Αντιμάχου διὰ τοῦ w KAlverat... ἢ μέντοι Κόριννα διὰ τοῦ vt τὴν κλίσιν ἐποιήσατο τῷ λόγῳ τῶν μετοχικῶν οἷον ἢ

/ Adéovtos δονακοτρόφω 3

90

Choer. 1. 75 τὸ μέντοι Νέξων τῷ λόγῳ τῶν μετοχικῶν διὰ τοῦ yr κλίνει Κόριννα, οἷον

Νέδοντος

~ τ οἱ δὲ περὶ Δίδυμον καὶ ᾿Απίωνα διὰ τοῦ w κλίνουσι ἀναλόγως, οἷον Νέδωνος.

96

Ath. 4. 174 f. [π. γιγγραΐνων αὐλῶν}: τούτοις δὲ καὶ οἱ Κᾶρες χρῶνται ἐν τοῖς θρήνοις, εἰ μὴ ἄρα καὶ ἡ Καρία Φοινίκη ἐκαλεῖτο, ὡς παρὰ Κορίννῃ καὶ Βακχυλίδῃ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν.

11]. 86-90 suppl. Wil. 2 cf. Hdn. ‘Gram, Grove, 17 3 mss -φου

11]. 91-142 Asopus’ answer 2 afterwards Ismenus, Paus. 9. 10. 6 3 cf. Eust. Od. 1654. 24, 824. 22, Sch. Od.

34

CORINNA

So spake the right holy seer, and Asopus grasped him heartily by the hand, and dropping a tear from his eyes thus made him answer...

(52 mutilated lines containing! and of thee, I rejoice, I cease, dowry, I will give, to the peoples, so he spake, Parnes, and 1 rejoice, sweet, that of thee, and fortune, tell forth, I am content, Cithaeron, Pleiad, nor, heart, and Cithaeron, Plataea, come ye, lot, Parnes, dead, Parnes, and not concluding the pocm)

34

Theodosius Declension of Barytones in -ων : The word Λάδων ‘the river Ladon’? is declined by Antimachus with genitive Λάδωνος... . but Corinna uses the participle-like form Λάδοντος, for instance

of Ladon, nurse of reeds?

30 4 Choeroboscus [The Accentuation of Barytones in -wv]: The word Νέδων, ‘Nedon,’ is declined like a participle by Corinna, with the genitive Νέδοντος

of Nedon though Didymus and Apion decline it regularly, Νέδωνος,

36

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on the flute called gingrainus]: These are used by the Carians in their dirges, unless by Caria is meant Phoenicia,® a confusion found in Corinna and Bacchylides.

10 ΠΟΥ τα το. 1. 62 4 cf: Str. 8.360 5 so the context requircs, but the Gk, would more naturally mean ‘by P. is meant C.’

$5 Dp 2

LYRA GRAECA

OT Choer. in Theod, 1. 80 Gaisf. θρᾶνυξ θράνυκος, ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου παρὰ Koplyrn. 38 Hesych. τόνθων

Ἂς / > ὶ ί 1 / \ wv παρὰ Kopivyn, ἐπὶ ywriatov~ Kpews TO ὑνομα.

39

Heracl. Mil. 26 Cohn οὕτω δὲ καὶ φράζω φράσσω τὸ λέγω. ἐκεῖθεν Κόριννα ἣ μελοποιὸς

φράττω = ἔφη ev δυσὶ τ Βοια-ικῶς. Τ΄' ENITPAMMATON A’ NOMON ATPIKON 40

Anon, Gram. Egenolff Philol. 59. 249 τὸ δὲ Θέσπεια 6 “Opes διὰ τῆς εἰ διφθόγγον γράφει τῷ τῶν {προ παροξυτόνων κανόνι" ὁ δὲ Ἡρῳδιανὸς ἐν τῇ “Ομηρικῇ Προσῳδίᾳ διὰ τοῦ τ γράφει, ἐπειδὴ γὰρ εὕρηται ἣ πι συλλαβὴ συνεσταλμένη ὡς παρὰ Κορίννῃ" 3

Θέσπια καλλιγένεθλε, φιλόξενε, μωσοφίλειτε

1 Mus: ms νοτιβίον 5 mss Κορίνθῳ and, below, μουσοφίλητε

1 cf, τένθης ‘gourmand’? 2 cf. Choer ey a 00005}-

36

CORINNA oT

Choeroboscus on Theodosius Canons: θρᾶνυξ, genitive θράνυκος throne or seat

is used for θρόνος by Corinna. 38

Hesychius Glossary: tév@wv; —In Corinna, used of

chine-meat 1

0.5

Heracleides of Miletus: In the same way φράσσω for φράζω ‘to say’; whence the lyric poet Corinna uses φράττω

I say

with the Boeotian double τ.

Boon III? INSCRIPTIONS

.

Boox ΙΝ LYRIC NOMES 404

Anonymous Grammarian: The name Thespeia is written thus with the diphthong by Orus according to the rule of the proparoxytones, but Herodian in the Homeric Prosody (2. 34) writes it with the « because the second syllable is found short, as for instance in Corinna:

Thespia, mother of fair offspring, friend of the stranger, dear to the Muse

tion of the sequel to this passage 3 the order of Books is conjectural 4 cf. Steph. Byz. 8. Θέσπεια, Eust. 266. 6

37

LYRA GRAECA

E’ 4]

Heph. 2 [π. συνεκφωνήσεωΞ5}ὔ .. . ἢ δύο βραχεῖαι eis μίαν βραχεῖαν. .. ἔστι μέντοι καὶ ἐν ἔπει ὡς παρὰ Κορίννῃ ἐν τῷ πέμπτῳ"

ἢ διανεκῶς εὕδις ;5 οὐ μὰν πάρος ἦσθα, Κόριννα, «οὑπναλέα.Σ 8

1 οὗ, Sch. ad loc. (τινὲς δέ φασιν ἐν δευτέρᾳ) 2 mss εὕδεις 3 Herm.

1 may have contained poems of a personal type, but such a sentence is not impossible in the ἀρχή or σφραγίς of a nome or of a choral song: some ancient authorities quoted this as from Book II 2 collected by Crénert AA, Aus. 1908. 188

CORINNA

Boox V1

41

Hephaestion Handbook of Metre{on synizesis]: . . . or two short syllables coalesce into one short; .. . it occurs even in an hexameter, as for instance the 5th Book of Corinna :

Will you be sleeping for ever? There was a time, Corinna, when you were not [a sluggard].

Boeotian forms? which probably come from Corinna are quoted by Apollonius Pron. 69¢ τού, τούν, τούγα ‘thou,’ 106a Fo ‘to him,’ lll α νώ ‘we two,’ 135 ἃ τιός ‘thy,’ @és ‘ God,’ by Choeroboscus 143. 7 Αἰνείαο, ‘ Aeneas,’ 145. 37 τῇ Ἑλένη, ‘Helen,’ τῇ Πηνελόπη, ‘Penelope,’ 168, 29 Λάχει, ‘ Laches,’ 214. 29 ᾿Αχιλλίος, ᾿Αχιλλίζ, ᾿Αχιλλία, ‘Achilles,’ 383. 32 ‘Epuelao, ‘Hermes,’ 390. 20 ᾿Οδυσσεῦς, ‘Odysseus,’ 367. 20 “Ounpv, ‘Homer,’ 390. 32 Aa@os = Ζῆθος, ‘ Zethus,’ δυγός = ζυγός ‘yoke’ and Z.Af. 383. 15 ἐσμός = ἢ γεννῶσα ‘she that conceives’

39

ΛΑΜΠΡΟΚΛΕΟΥ͂Σ Βίος

Sch. Plat. Ale. 118. Πυθοκλείδης μουσικὸς ἣν, τῆς σεμνῆς μουσικῆς διδάσκαλος, καὶ Πυθα- γόρειος, οὗ μαθητὴς ᾿Αγαθοκλῆς, οὗ Λαμπροκλῆς, οὗ Δάμων.

Plut, Mus. 16 [π. τῆς ΔΙιξολυδίον ἁρμονίας ]" ἐν δὲ τοῖς ᾿ἱστορικοῖς τῆς ᾿Αρμονικῆς Πυθοκλείδην φησὶ (Δριστόξενος) τὸν αὐλητὴν εὑρετὴν αὐτῆς γεγονέναι. Λῦσις δὲ ΔΛαμπροκλέα τὸν ᾿Αθηναῖον συνιδόντα ὅτι οὐκ ἐνταῦθα ἔχει τὴν διάζευξιν ὅπου σχεδὸν ἅπαντες WOVTO, GAN ἐπὶ τὸ ὀξύ, τοιοῦτον αὐτῆς ἀπεργάσασθαι τὸ σχῆμα οἷον τὸ ἀπὸ παραμέσης ἐπὶ ὑπάτην ὑπατῶν.

AAMTIPOKAEOTS 1

Sch. Ar. Nub. 967 [εἶτα βαδίζειν ἐν ταῖσιν ὁδοῖς εὐτάκτως ἐς κιθαριστοῦ | τοὺς κωμήτας γυμνοὺς ἀθρόους, Kei κῥιμνώδη xatavigor | εἶτ᾽ αὖ προμαθεῖν dow ἐδίδασκεν τὼ μηρὼ μὴ ξυνέχοντας, ἢ Παλλάδα περσέπολιν δεινὰν ἢ Τηλέπορόν τι βόαμα, | ἐντειναμένους τὴν ἁρμονίαν ἣν of πατέρες παρέδωκαν" | εἰ δέ τις αὐτῶν βωμολοχεύσαιτ᾽ ἢ κάμψειέν τινα καμπήν, | οἵας oi νῦν τὰς κατὰ Φρῦνιν ταύτας τὰς δυσκολοκάμπτους, | ἐπετρίβετο

1 cf. Ox. Pap. 1611. 160 ff., Sch. Aristid. 3. 5. 37, Suid. τηλέπορον, Tz. Hist. 1. 683 (reads δαμόπωλον and ascribes to

40

LAMPROCLES

LIFE

Scholiast on Plato: Pythocleides was a musician, a teacher of the noble or solemn type of music, a Pythagorean, who taught Agathocles the teacher of Lamprocles, who in turn was the teacher of Damon.

Plutarch Music [on the Mixolydian mode]: In the History of Harmonics Aristoxenus declares it to have been invented by Pythocleides the flute-player. Lysis states that Lamprocles of Athens, realising that this mode has the ‘ disjunction ’ (or interval of a full tone between A and B in the two tetrachords composing the octachord EFGABCDE) not where it had been almost universally thought to have it but at its treble end, arranged the mode to proceed from B to Β.

LAMPROCLES 11

Scholiast on Aristophanes [‘ And then the boys of the ward would walk decorously through the streets to the lyre- player’s, all in a body, and without cloaks though it snowed thick as barley-meal ; and he taught them to stand up properly and sing by heart a song such as ‘*‘ Pallas the stormer dread ” or ‘‘ A far-sounding cry,” sticking carefully to the good old ‘“mode”; and if one of them played the buffoon or put in glides and trills like the boys of to-day with the intricate flourishes they get from Phrynis, why, he received a sound

Stes.), Dio Chr. 13. 259 (δεινάν, δ. θεόν, or ᾿Αθηνᾶν mss), Sch. Tz. Chil. Pressel 101, Cram. 4.0. 3. 353. 13

4τ

LYRA "GRAECE

᾿ NI (3 ἈΝ , 5 ΄ὔ Ὁ » 5 wv τυπτόμενος πολλὰς ὡς τὰς Μούσας ἀφανίζων) ἀρχὴ aopatos: Ppurixov «τινές», ws <b&é> Ἐρατοσθένης φησὶν Φρύνιχος ἷ αὐτοῦ τούτον τοῦ ἄσματος μνημονεύει ὡς Λαμπροκλέους ὄντος τοῦ Μίδωνος viod: ἔχει δὲ οὕτως" ’ Παλλάδα περσέπολιν \ \ / δεινὴν θεὸν éypexvdotpov f f e \ TOTLKANCW πολεμαδόκον ἁγνὰν ral \ παῖδα Διὸς μεγάλου

δαμνήπωλον ἄϊστον παρθένον.3

καὶ ἱκατὰ Λαμπροκλέα᾽ ὑποτίθησι κατὰ λέξιν.

2

Ath. 11. 49] ¢ [π. ὀνόματος τοῦ τῶν Πλειάδων}Ὑ Λαμπροκλῆς δ᾽ ὁ διθυραμβοποιὸς καὶ ῥητῶς αὐτὰς εἶπεν ὁμωνυμεῖν ταῖς περιστε- pais ἐν τούτοις"

12. αἴ τὲ ποτάναις ς / 4 al ’ a θ 3 ομωνυμοι πελειᾶσιν αἰθέρι νεῖίσθε

περὶ ΧΑΡΙΞΕΝΗΣ

Et. Mag. 367. 21 ἐπὶ Χαριξένης: αὐλητρὶς Χαριξένη ἀρχαία καὶ ποιήτρια κρουμάτων. οἱ ὃ μελοποιόν: Θεόπομπος Σειρῆσιν'"

MH, S3a

1 KF, ef. Sch. Aristid. (τὸν δὲ ποιητὴν αὐτοῦ Ῥοῦφος καὶ Διονύσιος ἱστοροῦσιν ἐν τῇ Μουσικῇ Φρύνιχόν τινα, ἄλλοι δέ [i.e. Chamaeleon, Ox. Pap.] φασι Λαμπροκλέα ἢ Στησίχορον κτλ.): mss Φρυνίχου ὡς Ἔρ. φησὶν Φρύνιχος, φησὶν ὧς Ἔρ. Φρύνιχος δέ, οὕτως ᾿Ερατοσθένης- Φρύνιχος 2. so Sch. Aristid. (who confirms δεινήν for Ar. but says he substituted it for κλήσω, 1.6. κλήζω, and omits θεὸν éyp. ποτικλ. with some mss of Sch. Ar. which read κλήζω [for δεινήν] and περσέπτολιν») :

42

CHARIXENA

thrashing for obscuring the Muses]: This is the beginning of a song; according to some authorities the author is

. . Ἢ “, Phrynichus, but according to Eratosthenes Phrynichus mentions this very song as being by Lamprocles son of Midon.! It runs as follows :

Pallas the stormer, dread Goddess that rouseth the mellay I call, pure upholder of War, child of great Zeus, tamer of colts,? maiden unknown of man.?

And Phrynichus expressly adds ‘as Lamprocles hath it.’

Tage:

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on the name of the constella- tion Pleiades]; The dithyrambist Lamprocles expressly states that they bear the same name as doves, in the words ¢

.. . ye who go in the sky namesakes of wingéd turtle-doves

On CHARIXENA 5

Etymologicum Magnum: In Charixena’s time :— Charixena was an out-of-date fluteplayer and musical composer, and according to some authorities a lyric poet ; compare Theopompus in the Svrens :

1 it was also ascribed to Stesichorus 2 Phrynichus the comic poet apparently adapted the lines thus: Παλλάδα περσέπολιν | KAY Cw πολεμαδόκον ayvay | παῖδα Ards μεγάλον

δαμάσιππον, cl. Ox. Pap. 3 meaning doubtful Re Eust. 1713. 5 (omits τε) > ef. Paroem. App. 2. 82, Eust. 326, 44

mss Sch. Ar. δαμάσιππον only or omit 3 Mein. : ms Keto Ge

43

LYRA GRAECA αὐλεῖ yap σαπρὰ αὕτη ye κρούμαθ᾽ οἷα τἀπὶ Χαριξένης. Κρατῖνος ᾿Οδυσσεῦσιν' οὐκ ἴδια τάδ᾽ οὐκέτ᾽ ὄντα θ᾽ οἷα τἀπὶ Χαρι- : p Eévns.”

1 Mein: mss κρουμάτια τὰ ἐπὶ X. 2 Ὁ, trochaic tetra- meter: mss ἰδι (With a above) τάδ᾽ οὐκετόνθοι κτλ.

44

CHARIXENA

She plays rotten music like what they played in Charixena’s time ;1 and Cratinus in the Odysseuses :

These are not peculiar dead-and-gone things like what they played in Charixena’s time.

See also Ar. Eccl. 938 ff. and Sch., Hesych. ἐπὶ Χαριξένης, Suid. Xapigévy (adds éraipa).

1 the Greek is ‘the things of C.’s time’; the saying was apparently proverbial of anything (any performance?) that

was reckoned old-fashioned in style; for its form cf. τὰ ἐπὶ Ναννάκου (king before Deucalion)

45

ΔΙΟΝΥΣΙΟΥ͂, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΥ͂, HPATINOT Βίοι

“A \ \ \ τ aA / Plut. Mus. 31 τῶν yap κατὰ τὴν αὑτοῦ ἡλικίαν \ 7 A / A “ \ ba φησὶ ᾿ελεσίᾳ τῷ Θηβαίῳ συμβῆναι νέῳ μὲν ὄντι fal A / A \ A τραφῆναι ἐν τῇ καλλίστῃ μουσικῇ καὶ μαθεῖν Μ“ A 3 if A \ \ ‘N if ἄλλα TE τῶν εὐδοκιμούντων καὶ δὴ καὶ τὰ Πινδάρου , / an / \ \ 7 τά τε Διονυσίου τοῦ Θηβαίου καὶ τὰ Λάμπρου \ ἴω A δ A wn καὶ τὰ II pativov καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν ὅσοι τῶν λυρικῶν Ψ, 4 ,ὔ i ἄνδρες ἐγένοντο ποιηταὶ κρουμάτων ἀγαθοί.

Plat. Menex. 236 ἃ MEN. τίς αὕτη ; ἢ δῆλον ὅτι ᾿Ασπασίαν λέγεις ; --ΣΏ. λέγω γάρ, καὶ Κόννον ye τὸν Μητροβίου" οὗτοι γάρ μοι δύο εἰσὶν διδάσκαλοι, ὁ μὲν μουσικῆς, ἡ δὲ ῥητορικῆς. οὕτω μὲν οὖν τρεφόμενον ἄνδρα οὐδὲν θαυμαστὸν δεινὸν εἶναι λέγειν. ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅστις ἐμοῦ κάκιον ἐπαιδεύθη, μουσικὴν μὲν ὑπὸ Λάμπρου παιδευθείς, ῥητορικὴν δὲ ὑπ᾽ ᾿Αντιφῶντος τοῦ Ῥαμνουσίου, ὅμως κἂν οὗτος οἷός T εἴη ᾿Αθηναίους γε ἐν ᾿Αθηναίοις ἐπαινῶν εὐδοκιμεῖν. Ath. 2. 44d ὑδροπότης δ᾽ ἦν καὶ Λάμπρος ὁ μουσικός, περὶ οὗ Φρύνιχός φησι λάρους θρηνεῖν, ἐν οἷσι Λάμπρος ἐναπέθνῃσκεν ἄνθρωπος «ὧν; ὑδατοπότης, μινυρὸς ὕπερσο- φιστής, Μουσῶν σκελετός, ἀηδόνων ἠπίαλος, ὕμνος “Atoov. 46

DIONYSIUS, LAMPRUS, PRATINAS

LIvEs

Plutarch Music: Among those of his own age Aristoxenus declares that it fell to the lot of Telesias of Thebes to be educated in his youth in the best music, and to learn the works of famous artists, particularly of Pindar, Dionysius of Thebes, Lamprus, Pratinas, and the rest, in fact all of the lyric poets who were good composers of music.+

Plato Menerenus [Socrates and MeENeExeENus]: Men. Whom do you mean? surely Aspasia, don’t you 2>—Soc. Yes, I do, and Connus son of Metrobius. These are my two teachers, Aspasia of rhetoric and Connus of music. No wonder that a man can speak with such an education. Yet even a man who was not so well educated, but who owed his music to Lamprus and his rhetoric to Antiphon of Rhamnus, would be able to win himself fame by eulogising Athenians at Athens.

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner: Another water- drinker was Lamprus the musician, of whom Phryni- chus says that ‘the sea-mews among whom Lamprus died sing his dirge,? the water-drinker, the whining highbrow, the Muses’ mummy, the nightingales’ ague,® the hymn in honour of Death.’

1 cf. Corn. Nep. Epam. 2, Harp. ᾿Αντιγενίδας “igi: he was drowned at sea 3 or perh. nightmare

47

LYRA GRAECA

Ibid. 1. 20 Σοφοκλῆς δὲ πρὸς τῷ καλὸς γεγενῆσθαι τὴν ὥραν ἣν καὶ ὀρχηστικὴν δεδι- δαγμένος καὶ μουσικὴν ἔτι παῖς ὧν παρὰ Λάμπρῳ.

Suid. ἸΠΙρατίνας Πυρρωνίδον ἢ ᾿Εγκωμίου, Φλιάσιος, ποιητὴς τραγῳδίας. ἀντηγωνίξετο δὲ Αἰσχύλῳ τε καὶ Χοιρίλῳ ἐπὶ τῆς ἑβδομηκοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος, καὶ πρῶτος ἔγραψε Σατύρους. ἐπι- δεικνυμένου δὲ τούτου συνέβη τὰ ἴκρια ἐφ᾽ ὧν ἑστήκεσαν οἱ θεαταὶ πεσεῖν. καὶ ἐκ τούτου θέατρον ὠκοδομήθη ᾿Αθηναίοις. καὶ δράματα μὲν ἐπεδείξατο ν΄, ὧν Σατυρικὰ λβ΄. ἐνίκησε δὲ

ἅπαξ.

Ath. 1. 22a [π. ὀρχήσεως" φασὶ δὲ καὶ ὅτι οἱ ἀρχαῖοι ποιηταί, Θέσπις, Iparivas,* Φρύνιχος, ὀρχησταὶ ἐκαλοῦντο διὰ τὸ μὴ μόνον τὰ ἑαυτῶν δρώματα ἀναφέρειν εἰς ὄρχησιν τοῦ χοροῦ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἔξω τῶν ἰδίων ποιημάτων διδάσκειν τοὺς βουλομενόυς ὀρχεῖσθαι.

Arg. Aesch. Sept. ἐδιδάχθη ἐπὶ Θεαγενίδον ᾿Ολυμπιάδι coy ἐνίκα Λαΐῳ, Οἰδίποδι, “Extra ἐπὶ Θήβας, Σ φίγγι σατυρικῇ. δεύτερος ᾿Αριστίας Περσεῖ, Ταντάλῳ, < Avtaiw,>* Παλαισταῖς σατυ- ρικοῖς τοῖς Πρατίνου πατρός.

1 mss add Κρατῖνος 2 Garrod, cf. Hdn, π. μον. λέξ. p. 916 Lentz

48

LIVES OF DIONYSIUS, LAMPRUS, PRATINAS

The Same: Sophocles had not only been a hand- some youth but had been taught dancing and music in his childhood by Lamprus.

Suidas Lexicon: Pratinas:—Son of Pyrrhonides, or according to some authorities, of Encomius, of Phlius, a tragic poet. He competed against Aeschy- lus and Choerilus in the 70th Olympiad (8... 500- 497) and was the first writer of Satyric drama. [0 was during the performance of one of his plays that the wooden platforms on which the audience stood gave way, and thereafter the Athenians built them- selves a theatre. He exhibited fifty dramas in all, thirty-two of which were Satyric. He was victorious once.

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on dancing]: It is said that the old poets Thespis, Pratinas, Phrynichus were called dancers because they not only made their plays a matter of choric dancing but actually taught dancing generally, apart from their own dramas.

Introduction to Aeschylus Seven against Thebes : The play was produced in the archonship of Theagen- ides in the 78th Olympiad (B.c. 468). Aeschylus won . with the Laius, the Oedipus, the Seven Against Thebes, and the satyr-play Sphinx. The second prize fell to Aristias with the Perseus, the Yantalus, the Antaeus, and a satyr-play of his father Pratinas, the /Vrestlers.

See also Paus. 2. 13. 6, Inscr. Dittenberger Syl. Ed. 2. 723.

49 VOL. ΠῚ. E

LYRA GRAECA

ΠΡΑΤΙΝΟΥ͂ Merov 1

Ath. 14. 617 Ὁ [π. αὐλῶν] Πρατίνας δὲ 6 Φλιάσιος αὐλητῶν καὶ χορειτῶν μισθοφόρων κατεχόντων τὰς ὀρχήστρας ἀγανακτεῖν τινὰς ἐπὶ τῷ τοὺς αὐλητὰς μὴ συναυλεῖν τοῖς χοροῖς καθάπερ ἣν πάτριον, ἀλλὰ τοὺς χοροὺς συνάδειν τοῖς αὐληταῖς- ὃν οὖν εἶχεν κατὸ τῶν ταῦτα ποιούντων θυμὸν ὁ Πρατίνας ἐμφανίζει διὰ τοῦδε τοῦ ὑπορχήματος"}

7 , 4 \ ie Tis ὁ θόρυβος ὅδε; τί τάδε τὰ χορεύματα ; 4 δ /

Tis ὕβρις ἔμολεν ἐπὶ Διονυσιάδα πολυπάταγα

θυμέλαν ;

b] NX > NN ς / » A a v

ἐμὸς ἐμὸς ὁ Βρόμιος" ἔμε δεῖ κελαδεῖν, ἔμε

δεῖ παταγεῖν

3 > 4 \ Τ - ὃ

ἀν ὄρεα σύμενον μετὰ Ναϊάδων

“ / 7 , UA 5 ἅτε κύκνον ἄγοντα ὃ ποικιλόπτερον μέλος.

\ \ \ Tay ἀοιδὰν κατέστασεν <a> Πιερὶς 4 3 e δ᾽ 5 \ ef , βασιλειαν" ὁ δ᾽ αὐλὸς ὕστερον χορευέτω καὶ γάρ ἐσθ᾽ ὑπηρέτας" / κώμοις μόνον * θυραμάχοι- ᾽ 7 iy 10 ot τε πυγμαχίαις 5 νέων θέλοι παροίνων ἔμμεναι στρατηλάτας. “ ,ὔ \ παῖε Tov φρυνέου ποικίλου πνοιὰν 4 7q Δ \ > 4 8 yeovTa,’ φλέγε τὸν ὁλεσισιαλοκάλαμον λαλοβαρύοπα παραμελορυθμοβάταν ®

6

1 for metre cf. Garrod C.2. 1920 p. 182; the resolved feet are anapaests 2 ἅτε Gar: mss old τε Siebourg ἀφέντα 3 D-E, cf. Cratin. 1: mss κατεστας ἐπιερεις βασιλεια 4 Wil: MSS κώμων μόνον (-wy) 5 Gar.-E: mss θυραμάχοις τε πυγμα- χίαισι 6 θέλοι Dob.—Wil: mss θεαεί, θέα παροίνων B: ™mss-vov 7 φρυνέου Emp.—Wil: mss φρυναίου πνοιάν Gar :

5°

PRAVLINAS

PRATINAS Lyric Poems

1

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on flutes]: According to Pratinas! of Phlius, at a time when hired flute-players and chorus-dancers occupied the orchestras, some anger was aroused! because the flute-playing was not an accompani- ment to the singing of the choruses as of old, but the singing of the choruses an accompaniment to the flute-playing. Pratinas’ feeling in the matter is shown by the following Hyporcheme or Dance-Song :

What clamour is this, what measures are here? What outrage is befallen on the patter-circled altar Dionysiac? ‘To me belongs Bromius, to me. It is I that should sing, it is I that should ring, as I speed me oer the hills with the Naiads like a swan that inakes his motley-feathered tune. Song’s the queen Muse hath made; the flute, he must dance second as becometh a servant; let him captain the revels if he will, the fist-to-fist door-battery of the tipsy and the young, Beat O beat him that breathes the breath of a speckled toad !* To the flames with this reedy spender of spittle, bawler of bibble-babble, counter-runner unto time and unto tune, this hire-

1 reading uncertain ; perh. ‘the anger of P. was aroused ’ (ἠγανάκτησεν or, With Wil., ἀγανακτήσας ἐπὶ κτλ, with asyndeton) 2 probably a punning reference to the tragic poet Phrynichus (= little toad)

mss πνοάν xéovradac: msséxovra 8.18 mss ὁλοσιαλοκ., ὀλοσιακ. 9. B: mss λαλοβαρνοπαραμ.

51

LYRA GRAECA

15 θῆτα ' τρυπάνῳ δέμας πεπλασμένον. a , soe a © \ \ hy ἰδού: ἅδε σοι δεξιᾶς * Kal ποδὸς διαρριφά, θριαμβοδιθύραμβε κισσόχαιτ᾽ ἄναξ' ἄκουε τὰν ἐμὰν Δώριον χορείαν.

2

Ath. 14. 632 f διετήρησαν δὲ μάλιστα τῶν Ἑλλήνων Λακε- δαιμόνιοι τὴν μουσικήν, πλείστῃ αὐτῇ “χρώμενοι, καὶ συχνοὶ map" αὐτοῖς ἐγένοντο μελῶν ποιηταί. τηροῦσιν δὲ καὶ νῦν Tas ἀρχαίας φδὰς ἐπιμελῶς πολυμαθεῖς τε εἰς ταύτας εἰσὶ καὶ ἀκριβεῖς. ὅθεν καὶ Πρατίνας φησί:

A " » ’ fg QAKMVOTETTLE EUTUKOS ELS χορον

3

Ibid. 11 461 e [π. ποτηρίων] ἀλλὰ phy κατὰ τὸν Φλιάσιον ποιητὴν Πρατίναν n f οὐ γᾶν αὐλακισμέναν > ἴω Ἄ > ΜΚ' 4 ts ἀρῶν, ἀλλ᾿ ἀσκαφον " ματεύων

κυλικηγορή, σων ἔρχομαι.

4 δΔύσμαιναι ἢ Καρυάτιδες

Ibid. 9. 392 f [π. ὀρτύγων»}] Tipativas δ᾽ ἐν Δυσμαίναις ἣ Καρυάτισιν

ἁδύφωνον

ἰδίως καλεῖ τὸν ὄρτυγα, πλὴν εἰ μή τι παρὰ τοῖς Φλιασίοις ἣ τοῖς Λάκωσι φωνήεντες ὡς καὶ οἱ πέρδικες.

1 θῆτα Hart: mss θωπα or omit 2 Bamberger: mss δεξιά 3 Dobr: mss Λάκων 6 τ. κτλ. - ἀρῶν Scal: mss δρῶν ἀλλ᾽ ἄσκαφον B: mss ἀλλὰ σκάφον, σκύφον 5 Mein: mss Δυμ. 6 πὶ τ. Φλιασίοις φωνήεντές «εἰσιν!» ὡς καὶ οἱ ἱ πέρδικες παρὰ τοῖς Λάκωσι ὃ

52

PRATINAS

ling creation of a carpenter's bit! Look ye here; here's thy true wagging of hand, wagging of foot, thou king of Thriamb and Dithyramh, thou Lord of the ivied tresses;! so give thou’ ear to me and my

Dorian roundelay.?

2

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner: Now of all the Greeks none preserved the art of music more jealously than the Spartans ; they practised it very generally, and lyric poets were numerous among them. [ven to this day they keep the ancient songs with the greatest care and are real connoisseurs of them. And thus it is that we find Pratinas saying;

the cricket of Sparta so apt at the dance?

3

The Same [on cups]: All the same, according to Pratinas the poet of Phhius:

not ploughing ready-furrowed earth, but secking ground that hath not felt spade

do I come to talk over cups.

4 Tue DysMarENnaE or CARYATIDS

The Same [on quails]: Pratinas in his Dysmacnae or Caryatids is peculiar in calling the quail

sweet-voiced

unless indeed among the Phliasians or Spartans the quail like the partridge has a voice.4

1 Dionysus * the flute was accounted Phrygian 5. the cricket was proverbially the champion singer of Greece ὁ prob. ref. to Aleman 25 (Ath. 9. 390 a); we should perh. read ‘among the P. the quail, like the partridge among the ~ §., has a voice ’

58

LYRA GRAECA

5

Ibid. 14. 624 f. [w. τῆς Αἰολίδος ἁρμονία5}7 καὶ Πρατίνας δέ πού φησι" / 4 / μήτε σύντονον δίωκε μήτε τὰν ἀνειμέναν 3 \ “A 3 Ν Ν “ A Ιαστὶ μοῦσαν, ἀλλὰ τὰν μέσαν νεῶν ἄρουραν αἰόλιζε τῷ μέλει.

ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἑξῆς σαφέστερόν φησιν"

4 A 3 v UA πρέπει TOL πᾶσιν ἀοιδολᾶβράκταις Αἰολὶς ἁρμονία.1

6

Plut. Ifus. 7 [π. αὐλῳδικῶν νόμων] ἄλλοι δὲ Κράτητος εἶναί φασι τὸν Πολυκέφαλον νόμον, γενομένου μαθητοῦ ᾽Ολύμπου" ὁ δὲ Πρατίνας ᾿λύμπουν φησὶν εἶναι τοῦ νεωτέρον τὸν νόμον τοῦτον.

1 ἀοιδολ. B: mss ἀοιδὰ A,

54

PRATINAS 5

The Same [on the Aeolian ‘ mode’]; Oompare what Pratinas says:

Pursue neither the high-pitched Muse nor the low Ionian, but plough mid-field and play the Aeolian in your melody.

And in what follows he says it more clearly :

Sure the Aeolian mode befits all that are braggarts in song.

6

Plutarch On Music [on flute-sung ‘nomes’]: According to another account, however, the Many-Headed Nome is the work (not of Olympus but) of Crates ‘a pupil of Olympus,’ though Pratinas declares it to be the work of Olympus the Younger,

See also Plut. Ifus, 9, 31, 42, Acr. Hor. 4. P. 216.

9.5

AIATOPOT

Bios

Ar. Ran. 320

=A. τοῦτ᾽ ἐστ᾽ ἐκεῖν᾽, ὦ δέσποθ᾽" οἱ μεμνημένοι

ἐνταῦθά που παίζουσιν, ods ἔφραζε νῷν.

ἄδουσι γοῦν τὸν Ἴακχον ὄνπερ be’ ayaa

Schol. ad loc. Διαγόρας μελῶν ποιητὴς ἄθεος ὃς καὶ καινὰ δαιμόνια εἰσηγεῖτο ὥσπερ Soren καὶ ὁ μὲν ᾿Αρίσταρχος Διαγόρου. νῦν μνημονεύει» φησὶν οὐχ ὡς ἄδοντος αὐτοῦ τοὺς θεόυς, ἀλλ᾽ ἐν εἰρωνείᾳ κειμένου τοῦ λόγου, ἀντὶ τοῦ “χλευάξοντος, ἐξορχουμένου. ἀνακινεῖ οὖν τοὺς ᾿Αθηναίους ὁ κωμικὸς" ὅθεν καὶ οἱ ᾿Αθηναῖοι ὡς διαχλευά- ζοντος τοὺς θεοὺς καταψηφισάμενοι ἀνεκήρυξαν τῷ μὲν ἀναιρήσοντι ἀργυρίου τάλαντον τῷ δὲ ζῶντα sme ete δύο. ἔπειθεν δὲ καὶ τοὺς Πελ- λανεῖς,; ὡς ἱστορεῖ Κρατερὸς ἐν τῇ Συναγωγῇ τῶν Ψηφισμάτων. ἦν δὲ οὗτος Τηλεκλύτου παῖς, ΔΙήλιος τὸ γένος, τὸν χρόνον κατὰ Σιμωνίδην καὶ Πίνδαρον. οἱ δὲ τὸ δι’ ἀγορᾶς περισπῶσιν, ὡς ᾿Απολλόδωρος ὁ Ταρσέυς, κτλ.

Ibid. Av. 1071

τῇδε μέντοι θὴμέρᾳ μάλιστ᾽ ἐπαναγορεύετ αι, ἢν ἀποκτείνη τις ὑμῶν Διαγόραν τὸν Νήλιον

1 Wil: mss τοὺς ἄλλους Πελοποννησίους

1 Ar. prob. intended this (5: ayopas) ; after the condemna- tion of Diagoras for disparaging the Mysteries Διαγόρας may

56

DIAGORAS LIFE

Aristophanes Frogs: XantTuias to Dionysus: Here we are, sir; the initiates he told us of are at their games hereabouts. They're singing the I[acchus which they sing through the market-place.!

Scholiast on the passage: Diagoras was an atheist lyric poet who like Socrates introduced new deities. According to Aristarchus, Aristophanes does not introduce Diagoras here singing of the Gods, but uses the word ‘singing’ ironically for ‘jeering at, ‘putting to scorn. So the poet is inciting the Athenians, who accordingly condemned Diagoras on the charge of blasphemy, and offered the reward of a talent to any who should put him to death, and two talents to any who should take him alive, calling upon the Pellanians to do one or the other, Compare Craterus in his Collection of the Decrees. This Diagoras was a Melian, the son of Teleclytus, and belongs to the time of Simonides and Pindar. According to other commentators, among them Apollodorus of Tarsus, the reading is dt ἀγορᾶς “ through the marketplace,’ etc.

The Same Birds: Cuorus: On this day of all days there’s proclamation made that whoever of you Athenians shall kill Diagoras the Melian, shall re-

have been substituted as a joke, if it was not a corruption due to the same cause

oy)

LYRA GRAECA

, ΄ v aA a , λαμβάνειν τάλαντον, ἣν TE τῶν τυράννων TLS τινα ω > if Ψ ΄ τῶν τεθνηκότων ἀποκτείνη τάλαντον λαμβάνειν. 4 lal Aa A “ἅ«ρΟ βουλόμεσθ᾽ οὖν νῦν ἀπειπεῖν ταῦτα χημεῖς ἐνθάδε" 7 aA / ἣν ἀποκτείνῃ τις ὑμῶν Φιλοκράτη Tov Στρούθιον » id x \ / > ἴδ λήψεται τάλαντον: ἣν δὲ Cov τις ἀγάγῃ, ,ὔ τέτταρα, κτλ.

Schol. ad loc. Διαγόραν τὸν δ ήλιον" οὗτος μετὰ τὴν ἅλωσιν δήλου ὥκει ἐν ᾿Αθήναις, τὰ δὲ μυστήρια ηὐτέλιζεν ὡς πολλοὺς ἐκτρέπειν τῆς τελετῆς. τοῦτο οὖν ἐκήρυξαν κατ᾽ αὐτοῦ ᾿Αθηναῖοι καὶ ἐν χαλκῇ στήλῃ ἔγραψαν, ὡς φησι δίέλανθιος ἐν τῷ Ilepi λιυστηρίων.

Ar. Nub. 828

ΣΤ. Aivos βασιλεύει τὸν Al ἐξεληλακώς.

OE. αἰβοῖ, τί ληρεῖς ; ΣΤ. ἴσθι τοῦθ᾽ οὕτως ἔχον.

ME. τίς φησὶ ταῦτα; ΣΤ. Σωκράτης ὁ Μίήλιος.

Sehol.weg@ dec. κα΄. ὁ ΔΙήλιος" παρ᾽ ἱστορίαν' ᾿Αθηναῖος yap ὁ Σωκράτης" ἀλλ᾽ ἐπεὶ Διαγόρας, MjAtos ὧν, διεβάλλετο ὡς θεομάχος καὶ τὸν Σωκράτην. δὲ ὡς ἄθεον διαβάλλει, διὰ τοῦτο ΜΙ ήλιον αὐτὸν εἶπεν. β΄. Διαγόρας ὁ Δήλιος, ὃς τὸ μὲν πρότερον ἦν θεοσεβής, παρακαταθήκην δὲ ὑπό τινος ἀποστερηθεὶς ἐ ἐπὶ τὸ ἄθεος εἶναι ἐξέδρα- μεν, ἐφ᾽ ᾧ οἱ ᾿Αθηναῖοι a ἀγανακτήσαντες τὴν Δῆλον ἐκάκωσαν. γ΄. Διαγόρας γέγονέ τις βλάσφημος εἰς τὸ θεῖον, Δίήλιος. . . . ἄλλοι δέ φασιν ὡς οὗτος ὁ Διαγόρας διδάσκαλος ἦν Σωκράτους.

58

LIFE,OF DIAGORAS

ceive a talent, and whoever shall kill one of the dead tyrants, a talent; and we want to do the same here. Whoever shall kill Philocrates the Struthian shall receive a talent, and whoever shall bring him alive, four talents, etc.

Scholiast on the passage: Diagoras of Melos: This man after the capture of Melos came to live at Athens, and disparaged the Mysteries, with the result that many of the citizens were unwilling to be initiated. Accordingly the Athenians, as we are told by Melanthius in his tract On the Mysteries, made this proclamation against him and inscribed it on a bronze tablet.

Aristophanes Clouds: Strepsiapes and PHeipip- pipes: S. Vortex is king; he has turned out Zeus. —lP, Bah! what nonsense !—S. You may take it it’s true.—P. Who says so ?—S. Socrates of Melos.

Scholiasts on the passage : Of Melos :—Not literally, for Socrates was an Athenian. But because Diagoras, who was a Melian, was attacked for opposing the Gods, and Socrates is now attacked by the poet for atheism, Aristophanes calls Socrates a Melian. (2) Diagoras of Melos, who after a friend had betrayed his trust, turned atheist, which so enraged the Athenians that they maltreated Melos. (3) Diagoras was a blasphemer, of Melos (cf. 3 below). According to another account Diagoras was a teacher of Socrates,

59

LYRA GRAECA

Hesych. Mil. 17 Atayopay | TOV Τηλεκλείδου εὐφυᾶ θεασάμενος Δημόκριτος ὁ ᾿Αβδηρίτης ἀ ὠνή- σατο αὐτὸν δοῦλον ὄντα μυρίων ραχμῶν καὶ μαθητὴν ἐποίησατο. ὁ δὲ τῇ λυρικῇ ἐπέθετο. ἐπεκλήθη δὲ ἄθεος, ὅτι ὁμότεχνός τις αἰτιαθεὶς ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ὡς δὴ παιᾶνα ὑφελόμενος ὃν αὐτὸς ἐποίησεν, ἐξωμόσατο μὴ κεκλοφέναι αὐτόν, μι- κρὸν δὲ ὕστερον ἐπιδειξάμενος αὐτὸν εὐημέρησεν. ἐντεῦθεν ὁ Διαγόρας λυπηθεὶς ἔγραψε τοὺς ᾿Απο- πυργίζοντας Λόγους, ἔκπτωσιν ἔχοντας τῆς περὶ τὸ θεῖον δόξης.

Suid. Διαγόρας" Ῥηλεκλείδου ἢ Τηλεκλύτου, ΔΙήλιος, φιλόσοφος καὶ ἀσμάτων ποιητής... τοῖς χρόνοις ὧν μετὰ Πίνδαρον καὶ Βακχυλίδην, Me- λανιππίδον δὲ πρεσβύτερος: ἤκμαζε τοίνυν on ᾽᾿Ολυμπιάδι.ἷ

Diod. Sic. 13.6 τούτων»δὲ πραττομένων Διαγό- ρας ὁ κληθεὶς ἄθεος, διαβολῆς τυχὼν ἐπ᾽ ἀσεβείᾳ καὶ ἀφο ΞΕ - τὸν δῆμον, ἔφυγεν ἐκ τῆς ᾿Αττικῆς" οἱ δ᾽ ᾿Αθηναῖοι τῷ ἀνελόντι Διαγόραν ἀργυρίου τάλαντον ἐπεκήρυξαν.

[Lys. ] Andoc. 17 τοσούτῳ δὲ οὗτος Διαγόρου τοῦ ΔΙηλίου ἀσεβέστερος γεγένηται" ἐκεῖνος μὲν γὰρ λόγῳ περὶ τὰ ἀλλότρια ἱερὰ καὶ ἑορτὰς ἠσέβει, οὗτος δὲ ἔργῳ περὶ τὰ ἐν τῇ αὑτοῦ πόλει.

1 two dates are civen by Eusebius: Ol. 78. 3 = 460 B.c. (cf. Bacch..p. 81) and Ol. T-4..3,= 482 B.c.

1 6170 * cf, Suid. 5. Atay. ὁ Μήλιος 3 the date indi- cated is 415 B.c. 4 £200

60

LIFE OF DIAGORAS

Hesychius of Miletus On Famous Men: Diagoras son of Telecleides, when a slave, was observed by Democritus of Abdera to be a promising fellow, and, bought by him for ten thousand drachmas,! became his pupil, He devoted himself to lyric poetry. He was nicknamed the Atheist because, when a fellow- poet, whom he accused of taking a Paean he had written, swore that he had not stolen it and then won distinction by having it performed as his own, he wrote in his vexation the prose-work known as The Tower of Defence to mark his repudiation of his religious beliefs.

Suidas Lexicon : Diagoras:—Son of Telecleides or of Teleclytus, of Melos, philosopher and writer of songs . . .; he comes in point of time after Pindar and Bacchylides but before Melanippides, and flourished therefore in the 78th Olympiad (a.c. 468—465).?

Diodorus of Sicily Historical Library : While these events were taking place,? Diagoras nicknamed the Atheist fled from Attica under a false accusation of impiety and in fear of his life, and the Athenian

people put the price of a talent of silver+ on his head.

[Lysias] Against Andocides: The impiety of the defendant is so far greater than that of Diagoras of Melos, in that Diagoras’ offence was one of words, and was committed in respect of foreign rites and festivals, whereas the defendant’s is of deeds, and committed in respect of the rites and festivals of his native city.

61

LYRA GRAECA

Cic. N.D. 3. 387 at nonnumquam bonos exitus habent boni. eos quidem arripimus attribuimusque sine ulla ratione dis immortalibus. at Diagoras, cum Samothraciam venisset, Atheos ille qui dicitur, atque ei quidam amicus ‘ Tu, qui deos putas humana negli- gere, nonne animadvertis ex tot tabulis pictis quam multi votis vim tempestatis effugerint in portumque salvi pervenerint?” ‘Ita fit,” inquit; “aii "emem nusquam picti sunt qui naufragia fecerunt in narique perierunt.’ idemque cum ei naviganti vectores, ad- versa tempestate timidi et perterriti, dicerent non iniuria sibi illud accidere qui illum in eandem navem recepissent, ostendit eis in eodem cursu multas alias laborantes quaesivitque num etiam in iis navibus Diagoram vehi crederent. sic enim se res habet, ut ad prosperam adversamque fortunam, qualis sis aut quemadmodum vixeris, nihil intersit.

Tat. adv. Graec. 27 Διαγόρας ᾿Αθηναῖος ἦν, ἀλλὰ τοῦτον ἐξορχησάμενον Ta παρ᾽ ᾿Αθηναίοις μυστή- pla τετιμωρήκατε καὶ τοῖς Φρυγίοις αὐτοῦ Λόγοις ἐντυγχάνοντες ἡμᾶς μεμισήκατε.

Ael. V.H. 2. 22 εὐνομωτάτους γενέσθαι καὶ Mavtivéas ἀκούω οὐδὲν ἧττον Λοκρῶν οὐδὲ Κρητῶν οὐδὲ Λακεδαιμονίων αὐτῶν οὐδ᾽ ᾿Αθηναίων' σεμνὸν γάρ τι χρῆμα καὶ τὸ Σόλωνος ἐγένετο, εἰ καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ᾿Αθηναῖοι κατὰ μικρὰ τῶν νόμων

1 at the temple of the Cabeiri, protectors of mariners

* ef. Diog.. τ 88 62

DPE “Orr DIAGORAS

Cicero On the Nature of the Gods: But it some- times will happen that good men make a good end. Such examples we take up eagerly and attribute them quite irrationally to the immortal Gods. Yet when at Samothrace! a friend once asked Diagoras the Atheist if a man like him, who believed that the Gods took no thought for the affairs of man, did not observe what numbers, to judge by the multi- tude of paintings dedicated, had escaped by their vows the violence of the weather and come safe to harbour, he replied, ‘The reason of it is that there are no paintings to record the poor fellows who made shipwreck and were drowned.’? In a storm at sea the same philosopher, in answer to his frightened fellow-passengers who were saying that it served them right for allowing him to travel aboard the same ship, pointed to the numerous other vessels labouring on the same course, and asked them whether they thought that Diagoras was aboard those as well as this. So true is it that what we are or how we behave ourselves has nothing to do with the colour of our fortune.

Tatian Against the Greeks: Diagoras was an Athenian, but when he made mock of the Mysteries at Athens you punished him, and when his Phrygian Discourses came into your hands you forthwith hated us.

Aelian Historical Miscellanies: I understand that Mantinea was remarkable for the excellence of its constitution, which was not surpassed by that of Locri nor of Crete, nor even of Sparta—nor yet, I may add, of Athens; for the work of Solon was a noble achievement in spite of the gradual destruc-

63

LYRA GRAECA

τινὰς τῶν ἐξ αὐτοῦ γραφέντων αὐτοῖς διέφθειραν. Νικόδωρος δὲ ὁ πύκτης ἐν τοῖς εὐδοκιμώτατος 4 ᾽ὔ “i 5 XN > δ a e , Ν ΔΙαντινέων γενόμενος, ἀλλὰ oe τῆς ἡλικίας καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἄθλησιν νομοθέτης αὐτοῖς ἐγένετο, μακρῷ τοῦτο ἄμεινον πολιτευσάμενος τῇ πατρίδι τῶν κηρυγμάτων τῶν ἐν τοῖς σταδίοις. φασὶ δὲ αὐτῷ Διαγόραν τὸν Δήλιον συνθεῖναι τοὺς νόμους ἐραστὴν γενόμενον. εἶχον δέ τι καὶ περαιτέρω ὑπὲρ Νικοδώρου εἰπεῖν' ὡς δ᾽ ἂν μὴ δοκοίην καὶ τὸν ἔπαινον τὸν τοῦ Διαγόρου προσπαραλαμβά- νειν, ἐς τοσοῦτον διηνύσθω τὰ τοῦ λόγου. θεοῖς γὰρ ἐχθρὸς Διαγόρας, καὶ οὔ μοι ἥδιον ἐπὶ πλεῖστον τῶν αὐτοῦ. Ibid. fr. 33 ὧ Ξενοφάνεις καὶ ,Διαγόραι καὶ ἽἽππωνες καὶ ᾿Επίκουροι, καὶ πᾶς ὁ λοιπὸς κατά- λογος τῶν κακοδαιμόνων τε καὶ θεοῖς ἐχθρῶν,

ἔρρετε. . ᾿ aA \ Suid. Διαγόρας ὁ ΔΙήλιος" ἐπὶ τῶν ἀθέων καὶ ἀπίστων καὶ ἀσεβῶν.

AIATOPOT Μελῶν thse,

Philod:s 7. εὐσεβ. Ῥ. 8ῦ Gom. ἀνθρωποειδεῖς “γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι οὐ νομίζουσιν ἀλλ᾽ ἀέρας καὶ πνεύματα καὶ αἰθέρας. aor’ ἔγωγε κἂν τεθαρρηκὼς €. “rate τούτους Διαγόρου μᾶλλον πλημμελεῖν" ὁ μὲν γὰρ ἔπαιξεν, εἴπερ ἄρα καὶ τοῦτ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἐστὶν ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἐπενήνεκται Kabamep ἐν Tots Μαντινέων Ἔθεσιν ᾿Αριστόξενός φησιν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ποιήσει τῇ μόνῃ δοκόυσῃ κατ᾽ ἀλήθειαν ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ γεγράφθαι τοῖς

1 mss εὐδοκιμωτάτοις 2 ἡδὺ ἐπὶ πλεῖον

64

DIAGORAS

tion of certain of his laws by his countrymen in after days. Nicodorus the boxer had already become the most famous citizen of Mantinea, when with advanc- ing years he left the ring and became his city’s lawgiver, thus serving his country in far nobler fashion than by being proclaimed victor in the arena. His fellow-lawgiver is said to have been Diagoras of Melos, whose favourite he was. More might be said here of Nicodorus, but I refrain lest I should seem to plagiarise the encomium? of Diagoras, an abandoned wretch of whom I have no wish to make further mention.

The Same: You Xenophaneses, Diagorases, Hip- pons, Epicuruses, and the rest of that God-forsaken catalogue, I bid you all go hang!

Suidas Lexicon: Diagoras of Melos:—A proverb used of the atheistic, unbelieving, or impious.

See also Plut. Superst. 13, Plac. Phil. 1. 7. 1, Com. ἡδοίσον, Ath. 138.611 b, Aristid. 45. p. 101, Apostol. 6.4, Sext. Emp. 3. 52, 218, Jos. contra Ap. 2. 266, ele i. 2. 31, H.A. 6. 40.

DIAGORAS Lyric Porms

1

Philodemus On Piety: Those philosophers do not believe in Gods of human shape, but in Airs and Breaths and Ethers, so that for my part I should not hesitate to say that their wickedness surpassed that of Diagoras. He, it seems, was not serious, unless indeed, as Aristoxenus makes out in The Customs of the Mantineans, this poein, too, is not his— the only extant poetry which can be certainly ascribed to

1 see below 65 VOL. III. \y

LYRA GRAECA

ὅλοις οὐδὲν ἀσεβὲς παρενέφηνεν, ἀλλ᾽ ἔστιν εὔφημος ὡς ποιητὴ εἰς τὸ δαιμόνιον, καθάπερ ἄλλα τε μαρτυρεῖ καὶ τὸ γεγραμμένον

εἰς ᾿Αριάνθην τὸν ᾿Αργεῖον

Θεός, θεὸς πρὸ παντὸς ἔργου βροτείου νωμᾷ φρέν᾽ ὑπερτάταν,

αὐτοδαὴς δ᾽ ἀρετὰ βραχὺν oipov ἕρπει

καὶ τὸ

εἰς ΝΧικόδωρον τὸν Δῖαντινέα

x Kara δαίμονα καὶ τύχαν τὰ πάντα βροτοῖσιν ἐκτελεῖται"3

τὰ παραπλήσια δ᾽ αὐτῷ περιέχει καὶ τὸ Μαντινέων ᾿Εγκώμιον.

9 Sch. Vat. Aristid. 2. 80. 15 Keil Herm. ὅδ. 63 Διαγόρας

οὗτος φιλόσοφος ἦν. κληθεὶς δέ ποτε εἰς ἑστίασιν ὑφ᾽ ἑτέρου φιλοσόφου, ἕψοντος ἐκείνον φακὴν καὶ κατά τινα χρείαν ἔξω ἐκείνου χωρήσαντος; THS paris μὴ τελέως ψηθῆναι δυναμένης διὰ τὸ μὴ ὑπέκκαυμα ἔχειν τὸ ὑποκείμενον πῦρ αὐτός τε περιστραφεὶς ὧδε κἀκεῖσε κἀὶ τὸ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους yi προχείρως εὑρὼν καὶ συντρίψας ἐνίησι τῷ πυρὶ ἐπειπὼν ἐπ᾽ αὖτ

<mpos> δώδεκα τοῖσιν ἄθλοις f , 9.3». ἡ e ~ a τρισκαιδέκατον τόνδ᾽ ἐτέλεσεν Ἡρακλῆς δῖος.

1 this line only in Did. (mss ἕρπειν) 2 ἐκτελεῖσθαι In Philod: Sext. Emp. τελεῖται

1 cf. Didymus Alex. de Trin. 3. 1. 784, Eust. 258. 26, Hesych. θεὸς θεός > apparently imitated by Ar. Av. 544 κατὰ δαίμονα καὶ <xara> συντυχίαν ; cf. Sext. Emp. 9. 402

66

DIAGORAS

him contains no single word of impiety, but shows the proper reverence of a poet for things divine. I need quote only the poem

.

To ARIANTHES oF ArRGos 1

"Tis God, ‘tis God who wieldeth his mind supreme ere every mortal deed is done; and short is the journey Prowess can go of herself;

and the ode

To Nicoporus oF MANTINEA

All mortal achievement is according to God and Fortune.?

Testimony no less strong will be found in his Lulogy of Mantinea.

33

Scholiast on Aristides: This Diagoras was a philosopher. Invited one day to dinner by another philosopher he was left alone with the boiling lentils while his host left the room, and finding that they could not boil because the fire lacked fuel, ran about in search of it, till espying near-by the statue of Heracles he broke it up and put it in the fire with the following words :

To his twelve labours Heracles the Divine has added a thirteenth.4

(‘She began his poetry thus: ‘ All mortal,’ οἷς. . 3 ef. Sch. Ar. Nub. 828 (p. 58 above), Clem. Al. Protr. 2. 24. 4, Epiphan. Ancor. 103 (43. 204 Migne), Athenag. Presb. 4, Theosoph. Tubing. 70 (Buresch Klaros, p. 119), Gnomol. Vat. Wien. St. 10. 236, Sch. Ar. Nuwbd. 830, Tz. Chil. 13. 375 4 Wil. is prob. right in thinking the story and the citation apocryphal

67

LYRA GRAECA

KTALOR inscr. ap. Jahn Griech, Dichter auf Vasenbildern tat. we

Kudtas : χαῖρε : κάρτα δίκαιος Νίκαρχος.

Sch. Ar. Nub. 967 τὸ δὲ τηλέπορόν τι βόαμα καὶ τοῦτο

, 3 U \ ef «- > Δ / 3 \ μέλους ἀρχή. φασὶ δὲ μὴ εὑρίσκεσθαι ὕτου ποτ᾽ ἐστίν: ἐν yap ἀποσπάσματι ἐν τῇ βιβλιοθήκῃ εὑρεῖν ᾿Αριστοφάνη. τινὲς δέ φασι Κυδίου ' τοῦ Ἑρμιονέως κιθαρῳδοῦ ἀπό τινος τῶν ἀσμάτων 3

Τηλέπορόν τι βόαμα λύρας

2

Plat. Charm. 155 ἃ [π. Χαρμίδου]" . .. τότε δή, ὦ γεννάδα, εἶδόν τε τὰ ἔντος τοῦ ἱματίου καὶ ἐφλεγόμην καὶ οὐκέτ᾽ ἐν ἐμαυτοῦ ἣν καὶ ἐνόμισα σοφώτατον εἶναι τὸν Κυδίαν τὰ ἐρωτικᾶ, ὃς εἶπεν ἐπὶ καλοῦ λέγων παιδὸς ἄλλῳ ὑποτιθέμενος,

εὐλαβεῦ δὲ μὴ κατέναντα λέοντος 3 νεβρὸν ἐλθόντα θανατώσῃ θέα 4 μοῖραν αἱρεῖσθαι «δοκέοντα! ὃ κρεῶν.

“- 4 αὐτὸς yap μοι ἐδόκουν ὑπὸ τοῦ τοιόντου θρέμματος ἑαλωκέναι.

1 Bernhardy : mss Κυδίδου 2 mss also K. τινὸς ‘E. only 3 mss εὐλαβεῖσθαι μὴ κτλ. (rightly) λέοντος ἀλκῇ ὃ cf. Ath. 5. ates df. 4 mss ἀθανατώσῃ θεία or omit 5 suppl. £

1 among the speeches anciently ascribed to Lysias was one Against Nicarchus the Flute-player (Harp. 8. ’Avtvyertias) ; Jahn thinks that the scene depicted is some kind of musical contest; perh. C. is the winner, N. the judge, and the rest

68

CYDIAS

CYDIAS

On a red-figured vase, among other figures of whom one plays a double flute, stands listening a rather bald- headed, bearded man wreathed nith vineleaves and carrying a lyre, on one side of whom is written Cydias and hail! and on the other Very just Nicarchus.+

12

Scholiast on Aristophanes [see on Lamprocles above p. 417: The words ‘ A far-sounding cry’ are also the beginning of a song. It is said to be of unknown authorship, Aristophanes of Byzantium having found it on a fragment in the Library. According to another account the words come from one of the songs of Cydias of Hermione, the singer to the lyre, which begins thus,

A far-sounding cry ofa lyre

2

Plato Charmides [on the meeting of Socrates and Charmides]: Then indeed, my excellent friend, I saw what was under his cloak; I took fire and was all abroad, realising how true an artist in all that concerns love we have in Cydias, who has said of a beautiful youth, putting it into the mouth of another :

Beware lest when fawn meets lion the sight kill him by the mere belief that he is to be seized for a portion of flesh.

For I really did believe that I was in the clutches of just such a creature.

a congratulatory κῶμος or revel 2 cf. Suid. τηλέπορον 8. reading doubtful; some mss. have only ‘according to another account the author is a certain C. of H.’; for Cydias the mss have Cydides, Cedeides (Κεδείδης), for whom see next page

69

LYRA GRAECA 3

Plut. Fac. Orb. Lun. 19 εἰ δὲ μή, Θέων ἡμῖν οὗτος τὸν Μίμνερμον ἐπάξει καὶ τὸν Κυδίαν καὶ τὸν ᾿Αρχίλοχον, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις τὸν Στησίχορον καὶ τὸν Πίνδαρον, ἐν ταῖς ἐκλείψεσιν ὀλοφυρομένους “ἄστρον φανερώτατον κλεπτόμενον,᾽ κτλ.

περὶ KHAEIAOT

(.1.4..4.1. 2. 337 a Κλεισθένης ἐχόρηγε Αὐτο- κράτους ᾿Βρεχθῇδι Αὐἰγῇδι' ἸΚηδείδης ἐδίδασκε.

Hesych. Kydeidns:! διθυράμβων «ποιητής».

Ar. Nub. 985 [ΑΔΙΚΟΣ AOTOS καὶ AIKAIOS AOTOS}:

AA. ἀρχαῖά ye καὶ Διπολιώδη καὶ τεττίγων

ἀνάμεστα

καὶ Κηδείδου 5 καὶ Βουφονίων.

ΔΙ. ἀλλ᾽ οὖν ταῦτ᾽ ἐστὶν ἐκεῖνα

ἐξ ὧν ἄνδρας Μαραθωνομάχους ἡμὴ παίδευσις

ἔθρεψεν.

Sch. ad loc. ἸΚηδείδου"5 διθυράμβων ποιητὴς πάνυ ἀρχαῖος: μέμνηται δὲ αὐτοῦ Κρατῖνος ἐν Πανόπταις.

Phot. Lec. Kydeidns:? διθυραμβοποιητὴς ἀρ- χαῖος.

1 mss Κηθείδης 2 mss Κηκείδον 3 mss Κηδίδης

1 two of the three passages cited belong to Pindar Pacan 9, the other to Mimnermus, Archilochus, or Stesichorus

7°

CEDEIDES 3

Plutarch The Face in the Moon [on solar eclipses]: Theon here will adduce in our favour Mimnermus, Cydias, and Archilochus, and Stesichorus and Pindar, lamenting at eclipses that ‘the brightest star is stolen away,’ etc.?

On CEDEIDES

An Altic Inscription of c. 415 B.c. Cleisthenes was choregus in a play called The Self-Mixed for the Erechtheid and Aegeid Tribes; the chorus was trained by Cedeides.

Hesychius Glossary: Cedeides:—A composer of dithyrambs.

Aristophanes Clouds: [RiGHT and WRONG ARGU- MENTS]: W. Ah! old-fashioned notions smacking of the Dipolia* and choke-full of grasshoppers ? and Cedeides and the Buphonia.—R. All the same these are the fodder, which my form of education bred good old Marathons on.

Scholiast on the passage : Cedeides:—a very old- fashioned writer of dithyrambs mentioned by Cratinus in the See-alls.

Photius JLezicon: Cedeides :—an old-fashioned dithyramb-writer.

(see vol. ii, p. 19) 2 a démodeé festival of which the Buphonia (‘ox-slaying’) was a part 3. Athenians had formerly worn golden grasshoppers in their hair

71

Vid a Wa AWE WD Bios Kus. Ol. 82.2: Κράτης ὁ κωμικὸς καὶ Τελέσιλλα καὶ Πράξιλλα καὶ KreoBovriva ἐγνωρίζοντο.

Ath. 15. 694 a [π. σκολίων]" καὶ Πράξηλλα δ᾽

ἡ Σικυωνία ἐθαυμάζετο ἐπὶ τῇ τῶν σκολίων ποιήσει.

Tat. Or. Gr. 88. Πράξιλλαν μὲν γὰρ Λύσιππος ἐχαλκούργησεν μηδὲν εἰποῦσαν διὰ τῶν ποιημάτων χρήσιμον.

ΠΡΑΞΙΛΛῊΣ ΜΕΛΩΝ A’ TMNON

1 εἰς “Adwvev

Zen. 4. 91] ᾿᾽ἨἩλιθιώτερος τοῦ Πραξίλλης ᾿Αδώνιδος" ἐπὶ τῶν ἀνοήτων. Πράξιλλα Σικνωνία μελοποιὸς ἔγένετο, ὥς φησι Πολέμων" αὕτη ἡ Πράξιλλα τὸν Αδωνιν ἐν τοῖς Ὕμνοις ' εἰσάγει ἐρωτώμενον ὑπὸ τῶν κάτω τί κάλλιστον καταλιπὼν ἐλήλυθεν, ἐκεῖνον δὲ λέγοντα οὕτως"

1 mss also μέλεσιν

72

PRAXPLEA

LIFE

Eusebius Chronicle: Second year of the 82nd Olympiad (451 s.c.), flourished Crates the comedy- writer, Telesilla, Praxilla, and Cleobulina.

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on drinking-songs] : Praxilla of Sicyon, too, was admired for the drinking- songs she wrote.

Tatian Against the Greeks: Praxilla was portrayed in bronze by Lysippus, although she spoke nonsense in her poetry.

See also Suid. Πραξίλλης, 4.}. 9. 26 (vol. ii, p. 240), Mar. Vict. Gr. Lat. 6. 91, 129, Plot. fbid. 538, Metr. Oxyrh. ap. Consbr. Heph. p. 405, Heph. 36.

THE POEMS ΟΕ PRAXILLA Book I HYMNS

1 To Aponts1

Zenobius Proverbs: Sillier than Praxilla’s Adonis :—This saying is used of fools. Praxilla of Sicyon, according to Polemon, was a lyric poetess. This Praxilla, in her Hymuvs, makes Adonis, when asked by the people in Hades what was i most beautiful thing he had left behind above, reply as ollows :

1 or to Cytherea ? 73

LYRA GRAECA

κάλλιστον μὲν ἐγὼ λείπω φάος ἠελίοιο, δεύτερον ἐ ἄστρα φαεινὰ σεληναίης TE 7 poe ἠδὲ καὶ ὡραίους σικύους Kal μῆλα Kal ὄγχνας.

εὐηθὴς γάρ τις ἴσως ὃ τῷ ἡλίῳ καὶ τῇ σελήνῃ τοὺς σικύους καὶ

Ν Ν ~ ; τὰ λοιπὰ συναριθμῶν.

Β΄ ΔΙΘΥΡΑΜΒΩΝ 2 ᾿Αχιλεύς

Heph. 11 [π. συνεκφωνήσεως} ἔστι μέντοι. .. καὶ παρὰ Πραξίλλῃ ἐν Διθυράμβοις ἐν ὠδῇ ἐπιγραφομένῃ ᾿Αχιλεύς"

\ Ν , Ν Ἁ , , ἀλλὰ τεὸν οὔποτε θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἔπειθον

Sch. ad loc. ἐνταῦθα γὰρ ἣ τε καὶ ον συλλαβὴ εἰς μίαν βραχεῖαν συνιζάνονται.

Τ' ITAPOINION 3

Ar. Vesp. 1239 τί δ᾽ ὅταν Θέωρος πρὸς ποδῶν κατακείμενος | adn Κλέωνος λαβόμενος τῆς δεξιῶς, | ᾿Αδμήτον λόγον, ὦ *Taipe, μαθὼν τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς φίλει, | τούτῳ τί λέξεις σκόλιον ;

1 Schn: mss dxvovs

1 cf. Ath. 15. 395c, Diogen. 5. 12, Suid. ἠλιθιάζω, Apostol. 8. 53, Liban. Ep. 707 2 cf. Cram. 4.0. 4. 326. 20; Drae. Straton, 146, Bachm. An. 2. 180. 17 (ἔπειθεν), Eust. 12, 25,

74

PRAXILLA

The fairest thing I leave is the sunlight, and fairest after that the shining stars and the face of the moon, aye and ripe cucumbers and apples and pears.

For none but a simpleton would put cucumbers and the like on a par with the sun and the moon.?

Book II DITHYRAMBS

92 ACHILLES

Hephaestion Handbook of Metre [on synizesis]: It is found moreover in Praxilla’s Dithyrambs in the song called Achilles:

But they never persuaded the heart that is in thy breast.

Scholiast on the passage: Here the two syllables of τεόν ‘thy’ coalesce into a single short syllable.

Book III DRINKING-SONGS 33

Aristophanes JVasps: What will you do when Theorus reclining next you sings with his hand in Cleon’s ‘ Learn the tale of Admetus, my friend, and seek acquaintance of the brave’? how will you take that up ? “

805. 21,1372. 9, Sch. Dion. Thr. Gr. Gr. 3. 210 ect. Paus. ap. Eust. 326. 36 (who explains that ‘the brave’ refers to Alcestis who died for her husband Admetus, and ‘the coward’ to his father who refused to do so), Phot. (Reitz.) 32, Suid. ᾿Αδμήτον μέλος 4 2.6. answer it with another quotation

75

LYRA GRAECA

Sch. ad loc. kal τοῦτο ἀρχὴ σκολίου' ἑξῆς δέ eat τῶν δειλῶν κτλ. κολακικὸν τὸ σκόλιον καὶ παρὰ Θεώρου, τοῦτο οἱ μὲν ᾿Αλκαίον οἱ δὲ Samgovs: οὐκ ἔστι δέ, ἀλλ᾽ ἐν τοῖς Πραξίλλης φέρεται Παροινίοις.

᾿Αδμάτου λόγον, ὦ ᾽ταῖρε, μαθὼν τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς

φίλει, ἷ “a “A > e a 3 ’ τῶν δειλῶν δ᾽ ἀπέχου γνοὺς ὅτι δειλοῖς 5 ὀλίγα χάρις.

1

Ibid. Thesm. 529 τὴν παροιμίαν δ᾽ ἐπαινῶ [ τὴν παλαιάν" ὑπὸ λίθῳ γὰρ | παντί πον χρὴ | uh δάτῃ ῥήτωρ ἀθρεῖν.

Sch. ad loc. ἐκ τῶν εἰς Πράξιλλαν ἀναφερομένων Παροινίων" §

’ a ‘Tro παντὶ λίθῳ σκορπίον, ὦ ᾽ταῖρε, φυλάσσεο.

5

Heph. 25 [π. δακτυλικοῦ} ἔστι δέ τινα καὶ λογαοιδικὰ καλού- , ε 3 A “ i} f vy μενα δακτυλικά, ἅπερ ἐν μὲν ταῖς ἄλλαις χώραις δακτύλους ἔχει τελευταίαν δὲ τροχαϊκὴν συζυγίαν. ἔστι δὲ αὐτῶν ἐπισημότατα τό τε πρὸς δύο δακτύλοις ἔχον τροχαϊκὴν συζυγίαν ... καὶ τὸ πρὸς τρισί, καλούμενον Πραξίλλειον"

Ὦ διὰ τῶν θυρίδων καλὸν ἐμβλέποισα , \ ta \ > + 4 4 παρθένε τὰν κεφάλαν τὰ δ᾽ ἔνερθε νύμφα. 1 mss ᾿Αδμήτου : ms Ath. adds σέβον 2 so Ath: mss Sch. Ar. and Eust. δειλῶν 3 mss παροιμιῶν 4 Vase ὦ

διὰ τῆς θυρίδος (perh. rightly; if so, read ras) and omits the rest: mss also κεφαλάν, but cf. Sch. Theocr. 3. 52

1 See Scolia pp. 556 and 568 2 ef. Scolion Ὁ. 570 below, Zen. 6. 20, Diogen. 8. 59, Suid., Hesych.s.v. 53. Tadd

76

PRAXILLA

Scholiasts on the passage: This too is the beginning of a drinking-song. What follows is ‘ But from the coward,’ etc. The song is of the flattering type, put into the mouth of Theorus. Some authorities ascribe it to Alcaeus, others to Sappho, both incorrectly ; for it is included in the Drinking- Songs of Praxilla.

Learn the tale of Admetus, my friend, and seek acquaintance of the brave; but from the coward hold thee aloof, since there’s little gratitude in such as 6.1

4 2

The Same Thesmophoriazusae: I approve the old proverb ; for sure it is well to look under every stone lest an orator bite you.

Scholiast on the passage: From the Drinking-Songs ascribed to Praxilla :

Under every stone, my friend, beware of a scorpion.

53

Hephaestion Handbook of Metre [on the dactylic]: There are also dactylics called logaoedic, which have dactyls every- where but in the last place, where they have a trochaic dipody. The best known of them is the line which has two dactyls before this dipody, and the line which has three, called the Praxillean : 4

O you that look so prettily at me through the window, a maiden in face but a wedded bride below.

here the unplaceable fragments; cf. Sch. ad loc., Trich. p. 380 Consbr., Vase-painting Jacobsthal Gétt. Vasen p. 59 Ἢ for another metre called Praxillean cf. Heph. 36 (Ionic a maj.); see also Serv. Gram. Lat. Keil p. 464

77

LYRA GRAECA

6

Ath. 13. 603 a Πράξιλλα 5° ἡ Σικυωνία ὑπὸ Διός φησιν ἁρπασθῆναι τὸν

Χρύσιππον

Ἶ

Paus. 3.13.5 Πραξίλλῃ μὲν δὴ πεποιημένα ἐστίν, ὧς Εὐρώπης εἴη καὶ Κάρνειος, καὶ αὐτὸν ἀνεθρέψατο ᾿Απόλλων καὶ Λητώ.

Sch. Theocr. 5. 83 [π. Καρνείων] πΠράξιλλα μὲν ἀπὸ Κάρνου ἢ

φησὶν ὠνομάσθαι τοῦ Διὸς καὶ Εὐρώπης viod, ὃς ἦν ἐρώμενος τοῦ ᾿Απόλλωνος.

8

Hesych. Βάκχον Διώνης" . .. Πράξιλλα δὲ ἢ Σικυωνία Αφροδίτης παῖδα τὸν θεὸν ἱστορεῖ.

1 mss also Καρνείον

78

PRAXILLA 6

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner: According to Praxilla of Sicyon,

Chrysippus

was carried off by Zeus. 41

Pausanias Description of Greece: According to a poem of Praxilla, Carneius was a son of Europa, brought up by Apollo and Leto.

Scholiast on Theocritus [on the Carneian Festival]: Praxilla declares that it takes its name from Carnus (or Carneius), a son of Zeus and Europa who was beloved by Apollo.

8

Hesychius Lexicon: Praxilla of Sicyon makes Dionysus the son of Aphrodite.

1 cf. Hesych. Καρνεῖος, Sch. Callin. Apoll. 71, Sch. Theocr. 5. 83

79

ΒΑΚΧΥΛΙΔΟΥ͂ Βίος

Str. 10. 486.6 Κέως δὲ τετράπολις μὲν ὑπῆρξε, λείπονται δὲ δύο, ἥ τε ᾿Ιουλὶς καὶ ἡ Καρθαία, εἰς ἃς συνεπολίσθησαν αἱ λοιπαί, ἡ μὲν Ποιήεσσα εἰς τὴν Καρθαίαν ἡ δὲ Κορησία εἰς τὴν ᾿Ιουλίδα. ἐκ δὲ τῆς ᾿Ιουλίδος ὅ τε Σιμωνίδης 7 ἦν ὁ μελοποιὸς καὶ Βακχυλίδης ἀδελφιδοῦς ἐκείνου, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ᾿Ερασίστρατος ὁ ἰατρὸς καὶ τῶν ἐκ τοῦ περιπάτου φιλοσόφων Apictwv .. . “παρὰ τού- τους δὲ δοκεῖ τεθῆναί ποτε νόμος, οὗ μέμνηται καὶ Mévavopos:

\ \ / f 7 3 / καλὸν TO Ketwv νόμιμὸν ἐστι, Davia: ὁ μὴ δυνάμενος ζῆν καλῶς οὐ ξῇ κακῶς.

προσέταττε γάρ, ὡς ἔοικεν, ὁ νόμος τοὺς ὑπὲρ ἑξήκοντα ἐ ἔτη γεγονότας κωνειάξεσθαι τοῦ διαρκεῖν τοῖς ἄλλοις τὴν τροφήν.

Plut. αι, 14 καὶ γὰρ τοῖς παλαιοῖς, ὡς ἔοικεν, αἱ Δίοῦσαι τὰ κάλλιστα τῶν συνταγμάτων καὶ δοκιμώτατα φυγὴν λαβοῦσαι σύνεργον ἐπετέ- λεσαν. Θουκυδίδης ᾿Αθηναῖος συνέγραψε τὸν πόλεμον τῶν Πελοποννησίων καὶ ᾿Αθηναίων ἐν Θράκῃ περὶ τὴν Σκαπτὴν Ὕλην" Ἐενοφῶν ἐν Σκιλλοῦντι τῆς λείας: . . . Βακχυλίδης ὁ ποιητὴς ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ.

Kus. Ol. 78. 85. Bacchylides et Diagoras atheus plurimo sermone celebrantur.

80

BACCHYLIDES

LIFE

Strabo Geography: Ceos had originally four cities, but now has two, Itilis and Carthaea, with which the others were combined, Poieéssa with Carthaea and Coresia with liilis. liilis was the birthplace of the lyric poet Simonides and of his nephew Bacchylides,! and later of the physician Erasistratus and the Peripatetic philosopher Ariston. There appears to have been a law here, mentioned by Menander in the lines ‘The Cean custom takes my fancy still, | The man who can’t live well shall not live 11], whereby in order to make the supplies go round, all citizens who reached the age of sixty should drink the hemlock.?

Plutarch Exile: The ancients, too, it seems, wrote the finest and most famous of their works with the aid of Exile. Thucydides the Athenian composed his history of the war between the Peloponnese and Athens near Scapté Hylé in Thrace, Xenophon wrote at Scyllus in Elis . . ., the poet Bacchylides in the Peloponnese.

Eusebius Chronicle: Olympiad 78. 3 (B.c. 466): Flourished Bacchylides and Diagoras the atheist.®

1 Suid. Βακχυλίδης adds ‘son of Medon who was the son of

Bacchylides the athlete’ 2 οἵ. Steph. Byz. Ἰουλίς, Him. Or. 29 8 the floruit is also given under Ol. 82 (452) and 87 (432)

δὲ

VOL. III. G

LYRA GRAECA

Et. Mag. Μειδύλος" οὕτως ἐλέγετο ὁ πατὴρ Βακχυλίδου καὶ γίνεται παρὰ τὸ μειδιῶ, ὡς παρὰ τὸ φειδώ Φειδύλος.

Sch. Pind. Ol. 2. 154» [σοφὸς ὁ πολλὰ εἰδὼς pug: | μαθόντες δὲ λάβροι | παγγλωσσίᾳ κόρακες ὡς ἄκραντα γαρύετον | Actos πρὸς ὄρνιθα θεῖον" .. . ἀποτείνεται δὲ 7 πρὸς τὸν Βακχυλίδην' γέγονε γὰρ αὐτῷ ἀνταγωνιστὴς τρόπον τινὰ καὶ εἰς τὰ αὐτὰ καθῆκεν. ὦ) a. αἰνίττεται Βακχυλίδην καὶ Σιμωνίδην, ἑαυτὸν λέγων ἀετόν, κόρακας δὲ τοὺς ἀντιτέχνους.

Id. Nem. 8. 148 [ἔστι δ᾽ αἰετὸς ὠκὺς ἐν ποτα- pots, | ὃς ἔλαβεν αἶψα τηλόθε μεταμαιόμενος | δαφοινὸν ἄγραν ποσίν" | κραγέται δὲ κολοιοὶ ταπεινὰ νέμονται" οἱ δὲ ἀντίτεχνοί μου, φησί, κολοιοῖς ἐοίκασι, κραυγάζοντες μόνον καὶ ταπεινὰ νεμόμενοι, οὐ δύνανται δὲ διαίρεσθαι εἰς ὕψος. δοκεῖ δὲ ταῦτα τείνειν εἰς Βακχυλίδην. ἣν γὰρ αὐτοῖς καὶ ὑφόρασις * πρὸς ἀλλήλους. παρα- βάλλει δὲ ἑαυτὸν μὲν ἀετῷ, κολοιῷ δὲ Βακχυλίδην.

Id. Pyth. 2.97 [ἐμὲ δὲ χρεὼν | φεύγειν δάκος ἀδινὸν κακαγοριᾶν |: ... αἰνίττεται δὲ εἰς Βακχυ- λίδην: ἀεὶ γὰρ αὐτὸν τῷ ᾿Ιέρωνι διέσυρεν.

Ibid. 131 [καλός τοι πίθων παρὰ παισὶν aie, |

καλός.3 ὁ δὲ Ῥαδάμανθυς, κτλ.7 . . . ταῦτα δὲ ἔνιοι τείνειν αὐτὸν εἰς Βακχυλίδην' εὐδοκιμῆσαι γὰρ αὐτὸν παρὰ ‘lépwu ... δύναται δὲ καὶ οὕτω

νοεῖσθαι' ὁ Βακχυλίδης παρὰ παισὶ δοκεῖ εἶναι σοφός, παρὰ τελείοις δὲ οὐκέτι. 82

LIFE OF BACCHYLIDES

Etymologicum Magnum: Meidylus: the name of the father of Bacchylides, and it is derived from pedi ‘to smile’ as Pheidylus from φειδώ ‘thrift.’

Scholiast on Pindar [‘skilled is the man who knoweth much by nature; they that have but learnt—even as a pair of crows, gluttonous in their wordiness, these chatter vain things against the divine bird of Zeus’]: (a) This is directed against Baecchylides, who had in a way become a competitor in the same arena. (0) He is hinting at Bacchy- lides and Simonides, calling himself an eagle and his rivals crows,

The Same [‘the eagle is swift among winged things, and though he chase it from afar he quickly taketh his quarry all bloody in his claws; but the chattering daws have a lower pasturage’|: That is, my rivals in art resemble jackdaws, only shrieking and feeding at lower levels, and cannot rise to the heights. He appears to be directing this at Bacchylides, with whom he had a feud, and compares himself to an eagle and Bacchylides to a jackdaw.

The Same [‘ but I must shun the overmuch biting of slander’]: He is hinting at Bacchylides, who was always traducing him to Hiero.

The Same {‘ “ Pretty,” say the children to an ape, “pretty thing,’ but Rhadamanthus, etc.’]: (a) According to some authorities this is directed against Bacchylides, who was in high repute with Hiero,... (b) Itmay be intended thus: Bacchylides appears in the eyes of children a man of skill, but not in the eyes of grown men.

1 mss φώρασις 2 so LE, afer = ἀκούει ‘is called’ 83 G2

LYRA GRAECA

Id. 166 [ord pas | δέ τινος ἐλδόμενοι 1] περισσᾶς ἐνέπαξαν éA-|Kos ὀδυναρὸν ἑᾷ πρόσθε καρδίᾳ, | πρὶν ὅσα φροντίδι. μητίονται τυχεῖν}. ἡ ἀναφορὰ πάλιν πρὸς Βακχυλίδην. εἴληπται δὲ οὕτως ἡ διάνοια, διὰ τὸ παρὰ TO ‘lépw τὰ Βακχυλίδουν προκρίνεσθαι ποιήματα.

_ (Longin. ] Subl. 33 ame δέ; ἐν μέλεσι μᾶλλον ἂν εἶναι Βακχυλίδης ἕλοιο ἢ ΒΝΉραΒΕΙ, καὶ ἐν τρα- γῳδίᾳ Ἴων ὁ Χῖος ἢ νὴ Δία “Σοφοκλῆς; ἐπειδὴ οἱ μὲν ἀδιάπτωτοι καὶ ἐν τῷ γλαφυρῷ maven κεκαλλιγραφημένοι, ὁ δὲ Πίνδαρος καὶ ὁ Σοφο- κλῆς ὅτε μὲν οἷον πάντα ἐπιφλέγουσι τῇ φορᾷ, σβέννυνται δ᾽ Ὅν ἡ πολλάκις καὶ πίπτουσιν ἀτυχέστατα. ἢ" οὐδεὶς ἂν εὖ φρονῶν ἑνὸς δρά- ματος τοῦ Οἰδίποδος εἰς ταὐτὸ συνθεὶς τὰ "lwvos πάντ᾽ ἀντιτιμήσαιτο ἑξῆς.

Ammon. Νηρεΐδες τῶν τοῦ Νηρέως θυγατέρων διαφέρει. Δίδυμος ὁ ὁμοίως ἐν Ὑπομνήματι Βακ- χυλίδου ᾿Επινίκων. φησὶ γὰρ κατὰ λέξιν" Εἰσὶ τοίνυν οἵ φασι διαφέρειν τὰς Νηρεΐδας τῶν τοῦ Νηρέως θυγατέρων, καὶ τὰς μὲν ἐκ Δωρίδος γνησίας αὐτῶν θυγατέρας νομίζεσθαι, τὰς δὲ ἐξ ἄλλων ἤδη κοινότερον Νηρεἴδας καλεῖσθαι.

Porph. ad Hor. Carm. 1.15 Hac ode Bacchylidem

imitatur; nam ut ille Cassandram facit vaticinari futura belli Troiani, ita hic Proteum.

1 so #: mss ἑλκόμενοι (corrupted from ἕλκος below) 3 edd. #

1 lit. ‘for excessive measure’ 2 Didymus apparently disagreed, but in any case this may be taken as evidence

84

LIFE OF BACCHYLIDES

The Same [‘longing for more than they can get,! they do wound their own selves instead of obtaining their heart’s desire’]: The reference again is to Bacchylides. Thisis taken to be the meaning owing to Bacchylides’ poems being preferred by Hiero.

[Longinus] On the Sublime: Again, take lyric verse; would you sooner be Bacchylides than Pindar? or take tragedy; would you sooner be Ion of Chios than the great Sophocles? Bacchy- lides and Ion may be faultless, may have attained to complete mastery of the polished style, whereas there are times when Pindar and Sophocles carry all before them like a conflagration, though they often flicker down quite unaccountably and come to an unhappy fall. Yet surely no man in his senses would rate all the plays of Ion put together at so high a figure as the Oedipus.

Ammonius /Vords alike but different: The Nereids are not the same as the Daughters of Nereus. Compare Didymus in his Commentary on the Victory- Songs of Bacchylides, where he says in an explana- tion: ‘Some authorities declare that the Nereids are not the same as the Daughters of Nereus, the latter being his true daughters by Doris and the former receiving the more general name of Nereids because they came of other mothers.’ 2

Porphyrio on an Ode of Horace [Pastor cum traheret|: In this ode he imitates Bacchylides, who makes Cassandra foretell the future events of the Trojan War as Horace here makes Nereus.?

that in 12 he read Daughters of Nereus at 1. 102 and Nereids at 1. 38, though the latter is probably not what Bacchylides wrote and 12 is a dithyramb 3 cf. 16 below

8

LYRA GRAECA

Arg. Pind.: ἐννέα δὲ οἱ λυρικοί" ᾿Αλκμὰν ᾿Αλκαῖος Σαπφὼ Στησίχορος Ἴβυκος ᾿Ανακρέων Σιμωνίδης Βακχυλίδης καὶ Πίνδαρος.

BAKXTAIAOT MEAON Α΄ TMNON

1-4 Stob. Fl. 122. 1 [π. πένθους]: Βακχυλίδου Ὕμνων" xX μ 5. A / e / x Alat τέκος ἀμέτερον' ᾿Ξ a a ’ 9 ,ὔ "7 μεῖζον ἢ πενθεῖν κακόν, ἀφθέγκτοισιν ἴσον.

2 Sch. Ap. Rh. 3. 467 [π. Ἑκάτης]: Βακχυλίδης δὲ Νυκτός φησιν αὐτὴν θυγατέρα" [4 a “- , @ XN Exdta daidodope, Νυκτὸς if 7 εἰ μελανοκόλπου θύγατερ

9 Sch. Hes. Th. ἡρπάσθαι δὲ τὴν Περσεφόνην φασὶν of μὲν ἐκ Σικελίας, Βακχυλίδης δὲ ἐκ Κρήτης. ᾿

1

Sch. Ar. Ach. 47 [Κελεός7 τοῦ δὲ Κελεοῦ μέμνηται Βακχυλίδης διὰ τῶν Ὕμνων.

1 Urs: mss μεγαλοκ. θ.

1 cf. 4.P. quoted vol. i, pp. 3, 165 2 in arranging the Books I follow the Alexandrine edition of Pindar, though

86

BACCHYLIDES

Introduction to Pindar: The Lyric Poets are nine in number, Aleman, Alcaeus, Sappho, Stesichorus, Ibycus, Anacreon, Simonides, Bacchylides, and Pindar.

See also Ael. J’.H. 4. 15, who speaks of B. at the court of Hiero.

THE POEMS OF BACCHYLIDES Book I HYMNS? 1-4 [To Demeter]

Stobaeus <Axthology [on lamentation]: Bacchylides Hymns:

Alas for my child! a woe is here that passeth lament, like to one that cannot be spoken.

2 Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes Argonautica [Hecate]: Bacchylides makes her the daughter of Night; compare:

O torch-bearing Hecaté, daughter of dark-bosomed Night 3

9

Scholiast on Hesiod Theogony: According tosome accounts Persephone was carried away from Sicily ; Bacchylides how- ever says it was from Crete.

4

Scholiast on Aristophanes [Celetis king of Eleusis‘]: Celetis is mentioned by Bacchylides in the Hymns.

in the Great Papyrus of B. the Dithyrambs probably follow the Victory-Songs 3 Demeter loquitur ὃ 4 cf. Hom. H. Dem. 96

87

LYRA GRAECA

5

Men. Rh. Gr. Walz 9. 140 ἐπιλέγονται (of ἀποπεμπτικοὶ) ἀποδημίαις θεῶν νομιζομέναις ἢ γινομέναις" οἷον ᾿Απόλλωνος ἀποδημίαι τινὲς ὀνομάζονται παρὰ Δηλίοις καὶ Μιλησίοις, καὶ ᾿Αρτέμιδος παρὰ ᾿Αργείοις" εἰσὶ τοίνυν καὶ τῷ Βακχυλίδῃ ὕμνοι ἀποπεμπτικοί.

6

Ath. 11. 500a [π. cxigwr]: ὕστερον δὲ κατὰ μίμησιν» εἰργά- σαντο κεραμέους τε καὶ ἀργυροῦς σκύφους. ὧν πρῶτοι μὲν ἐγένοντο καὶ κλέος ἔλαβον οἱ Βοιώτιοι γενόμενοι, χρησαμένου κατὰ τὰς στρατείας mpwrov Ἡρακλέους τῷ γένει: διὸ καὶ Ἡρακλεωτικοὶ πρός τινων καλοῦνται. ἔχουσι μέντοι πρὸς τοὺς ἄλλους διαφοράν" ἔπεστι γὰρ ἐπὶ τῶν ὥτων αὐτοῖς ὁ λεγόμενος ἩἫράκλειος δεσμός. μνημονεύει δὲ τῶν Βοιωτίων σκύφων Βακχυλίδης ἐν τούτοις ποιούμενος τὸν λόγον πρὸς τοὺς Διοσκόρους, καλῶν αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ ξένια"

3 A 4 ’ 3 ” Ul

Ov βοῶν πάρεστι σώματ᾽ οὔτε χρυσός,

οὔτε πορφύρεοι τάπητες,

3 δ S > \

ἀλλὰ θυμὸς εὐμενὴς

ΔΙοῦσά τε γλυκεῖα καὶ Βοϊωτίοισιν

ἐν σκύφοισιν οἶνος ἡδύς. διήνεγκαν δὲ μετὰ τοὺς Βοιωτίους οἱ ἹΡοδιακοὶ λεγόμενοι Δαμοκρά- Tous δημιουργήσαντος" τρίτοι δ᾽ εἰσὶν οἱ Συρακόσιοι.

Β΄ ΠΑΙΑΝΩΝ

7 Stob. FU. [π. εἰρήνη5]" Βακχυλίδου Madvwv-

, 4 A > “ 7 τίκτει δέ τε θνατοῖσιν Εἰρήνα μεγάλα στρ. πλοῦτον μελιγλώσσων τ᾽ " ἀοιδᾶν ἄνθεα,

1 mss Βοιωτικῶν 2 Boeckh; mss καὶ pea,

88

BACCHYLIDES 51

Menander On Declamations : Odes of Farewell are addressed to Gods on their departure, supposed or real,” to visit some other haunt. For instance, the Delians and Milesians have what they call Departures of Apollo, and the Argives of

Artemis, and there are Farewell Odes of this kind in Bacchylides.

6

Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on drinking-cups]: Later they were made of earthenware and silver on the pattern of the wooden ones. The first of these to be made, or to become famous, were the Boeotian cups as they are called, having been first used by Heracles on his warlike expeditions; hence their alternative name with some people, Heracleotic, though indeed these differ from the others in having on their handles what is known as the chain of Heracles. The Boeotian type is mentioned by Bacchylides where he addresses the Dioscuri, summoning them to a holy feast : 8

No carease of beef is here, nor gold, nor purple carpets, but a kindly spirit, a sweet Muse, and delicious wine in Boeotian cups.

Next in repute to these came the Rhodian, made by Damocrates, and third the Syracusan.

Book II

PAEANS

il Stobaeus Anthology [on Peace]: Bacchylides Paeans :

Moreover great Peace bringeth forth for men wealth and the flowers of honey-tongued songs, and

mecivelbid. 132 2 in effigy 3 for θεοξένια to the Dioscuri cf, Ath. 137 e

89

LYRA GRAECA

δαιδαλέων τ᾽ ἐπὶ βωμῶν θεοῖσιν αἴθεσθαι Caney ξανθᾷ φλογὶ μῆρα τανὕτρίχων 1 τε μήλων γυμνασίων τε νέοις αὐλῶν τε καὶ κώμων μέλειν. 2 \ / / 542 Re) ἐν δὲ σιδαροδέτοις πόρπαξιν αἰθᾶν ἀρἄχνάων 5 ἴστοι πέλονται,3 ἀντ. ἔγχεά τε λογχωτὰ ξίφεά T ἀμφακέα δάμνατ᾽ aei<vaos>* εὐρώς, χαλκεᾶν δ᾽ οὐκ ἔστι σαλπίγγων κτύπος, οὐδὲ συλᾶται μελίφρων [4 2 \ c had) ἀπὸ βλεφάρων, Ia a 7 / ἀῷος ὃ ὃς θάλπει κέαρ. συμποσίων δ᾽ “ἐρατῶν βρίθοντ᾽ ἀγνυιαΐ παιδεΐοι ὃ θ᾽ ὕμνοι φλέγονται.

8 Clem. Al. Str. 5. 687 is4 3 e / Ἁ Υ , e ἕτερος ἐξ ἑτέρου σοφὸς τὸ TE πάλαι TO TE ὡῶ οὐδὲ γὰρ ῥᾷστον ἀρρήτων ἐπέων πύλας ἐξευρεῖν, φησὶ Βακχυλίδης ἐν τοῖς Παιᾶσιν.

9

Zen. Paroem. Gr. 1. 42 ἼΑρκτου παρούσης ἴχνη μὴ ζήτει:

ἐπὶ τῶν δειλῶν κυνηγῶν εἴρηται ἣ παροιμία" μέμνηται δὲ αὐτῆς Βακχυλίδης ἐν Παιᾶσιν.

1 Butt.-Dind: mss μηρῦταν, “μηρίταν, and εὐτρ. 2 E, or ἀραχναϊᾶν, cf. A.P. 9. 233? or ἀραχνίων, cf. Sa. Ox. Pap. 1787. 142. 15 νεβρίοισιν, Arist. H.A. 5. 27. 1 (reading αἰθῶν) Ὁ mss ἀραχνᾶν 3 Urs. πλέκονται perh. rightly 4 Κ᾽: an epith. —uv as suggested would prob. be unmetrical: mss St.

go

BACCHYLIDES

for Gods the yellow flame of the burning of the thighs of oxen and fleecy sheep upon fine-wrought altars, and for the young a desire for disport of body? and for flute and festal dance. Meanwhile in the iron-bound shield-thong hang the warps of the brown spider, headed spear and two-edgéd sword are whelmed in an ever-spreading rust, and the noise of the brazen trumpet is not; nor is reft from our eyelids that honey-hearted sleep which soothes the spirit towards dawn.? The streets are abloom with delightful feasting and the hymns of children go up like a flame.

8.3 Clement of Alexandria Miscellanies : Now as of yore one getteth skill of another; for

‘tis not so very easy to find the gate of words unsaid before ;

as Bacchylides says in the Paeans.

a

Zenobius Proverbs : Seek not the tracks of a present bear.

This proverb is used of cowardly hunters, and is referred to by Bacchylides in the Paeans.

1 the Greek is ‘ gymnastics’ 2 sleep towards dawn was the sweetest, Pind. P. 9. 23 * cf. Theodoret Ther. 1. 14. 36

δάμναται without εὐρ., Plut. edp. dau. ἔγχεά τε Aoyxwra ἢ. τ’ ἀμ. 5 Bl: mss duos or ἅμος 6 Δ᾽, or παίδιοί ? cf. Pind. 15. 2.3: mss -ixol

ΟΙ

LYRA GRAECA

Γ

AIOTPAMBON 10-15 British Museum Papyrus 733 :} 10 (xiv) ᾿Αντηνορίδαι ἢ ἡ ᾿Ελένης ἀπαίτησις * atp.a [᾿Αντή]νορος ἀντιθέου 3 [γυνὰ κο]ρακῶπις * ᾿Αθάνας πρόσπολος [Kioonts ἁγνᾶ]ς Παλλάδος ὀρσιμάχου [θύρας ἄνοιξε" χ]ρυσέας ὅ [αὐτίκα ψοφέουσι]ν ᾿Αργείων ᾿Οδυσσεῖ [Λαρτιάδᾳ λΙενελ]άῳ 7 ᾿Ατρεΐδᾳ βασιλεῖ [ἀγγέλοις δοιοῖς ere Θεανὼ

αὐτὰ σοὶ. ον OP ΓΞ τς ως τ προσήνεπεν' ἐ]ύκτιμέναν ag lines ἌΝ or missing) 30 (. . . . . οὐ γὰρ ὑπόκλοπον φορεῖ

βροτοῖσι φωνάεντα λόγον σοφία) © lines missing) ἄγον, πατὴρ δ᾽ εὔβουλος ἥρως πάντα σάμαινεν Πριάμῳ βασιλεῖ παίδεσσί τε μῦθον ᾿Αχαιῶν. 40 ἔνθα κάρυκες δι᾽ εὐ-

1 ef, C.R. 1923. 148; I omit brackets where restorations are reasonably certain; a dot beneath a letter indicates that it is a possible reading of the traces 2 for title cf. C.R. 1922, 160 2 ἢ], 1-7 restored by Kenyon (1), Nairn (6), the rest Blass-Jebb—Z (from the Pap.) 4 hardly Jaa

5 P prob. avoitev 6 Hill from Clem. a, Paed. 3. 310 where mss have βροτοῖσι φ. λόγον ἔστε λόγος σοφία

92

BACCHYLIDES

Book III DITHYRAMBS 10-15 From a papyrus of the last century B.c.? 10 (xiv) THe Sons ΟΕ ANTENOR or THE Demanpine Back oF HELEN

The raven-eyed wife of the godlike Antenor,? deep-girdled Theano, daughter of Cisses, priestess of Athena,? opened forthwith the golden doors of pure Pallas that rouseth to battle, to the knocking of the twin messengers of the Argives,* Odysseus Laertiad and king Menelaiis son of Atreus...... ADCECSIEA ....... [10] wellebuilt (Troy)... ..

(19 lines mutilated or missing)

(For there is nothing furtive in the voiceful utterance which skill doth bring us) ®

(5 lines missing)

. . . [the sons of Antenor] led [the messengers to the marketplace], while the wise hero their father declared all the message of the Achaeans unto King Priam and his children. Whereupon heralds went

1 Kenyon; Grenfell and Hunt say Ist or 2nd century a.p. * the Greek has a play upon words (avr. . . . ἀντ.) as in 34 init., but why ‘raven-eyed’ is not clear *at Troy ‘an embassy from the Greek camp at Tenedos demanding the return of Helen on painof war ὅ position here not certain, but it may be one of the short moralising sentences which serve to paragraph the narrative: somewhere hereabouts probably came Bacchylides’ ref. to Theano’s fifty children (here members of the chorus 3), mentioned by the Scholiast on Il, 24, 496

93

94

LYRA GRAECA

ρεῖαν πόλιν ὀρνύμενοι Τρώων ἀόλλιξον φάλαγγας

στρ. γ΄ δεξίστρατον εἰς ἀγοράν. πάντᾳ δὲ διέδραμεν αὐδάεις λόγος" 45 θεοῖς δ᾽ ἀνίσχοντες χέρας ἀθανάτοις εὔχοντο παύσασθαι δυᾶν. Movea, τίς πρῶτος λόγων ἄρχεν δικαίων; Πλεισθενίδας Mevéraos γάρυϊ θελξιεπεῖ 49 φθέγξατ᾽ εὐπέπλοισι κοινώσας Χαρισσιν' b) () Ὁ a 3 oh Ω avt.y “QO Τρῶες ἀρηϊφιλοι," Ζεὺς ὑψιμέδων ὃς ἅπαντα δέρκεται οὐκ αἴτιος θνατοῖς μεγάλων ἀχέων, ἀλλ᾽ ἐν μέσῳ κεῖται κιχεῖν πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις Δίκαν ἴθειαν, ayvas -- > [4 9 4 LY rat ὔ 55 Εὐνομίας ἀκόλουθον καὶ πινυτᾶς Θέμιτος" ὀλβίων παῖδές νιν αἱρεῦνται σύνοικον. 3 / e 3 397 ’ Ἁ > 4 ἐπ. γ΄ ἁ δ᾽ αἰόλοις κέρδεσσι καὶ ἀφροσύναις > 7 4 3 δ \ ἐξαισίοις θάλλουσ᾽ ἀθαμβὴς "TBpis, ἃ πλοῦτον δύναμίν τε θοῶς 2 U ” > 60 aAAOTPLOY WTACGEV, AUTLS δ᾽ ἐς βαθὺν πέμπει φθόρον, κείνα καὶ ὑπερφιάλους [Γᾶς] παῖδας ὦλεσεν Γίγαντας.

BACCHYLIDES

speeding through the wide city for to gather the companies of the Trojans into the market, even to the place of mustering. And their loud summons ran everywhere about, and men put up their hands and besought the immortal Gods to give them stay of their troubles.

O Muse, who was it began the righteous plea? *Twas Pleisthenid Menelaiis, and he spake in suasive accents learnt of the fair-robed Graces: ‘ Ye warriors of Troy, ‘tis not through act of high-ruling Zeus who seeth all things, that great woe cometh to man ; rather may every man attain, if he will, unto unerring Justice that goeth servant of Orderliness the pure and Right the wise ; and happy they whose children give her a home. But unabashed Presumptuousness,} who thriveth on shifty gains and lawless follies, and bestoweth so swiftly on a man wealth and power that be not his, only to send him anon to deep ruin, she it was who destroyed those overweening sons of Earth, the Giants.’

1 like that of Paris in stealing Helen when he was the guest of Menelatis

1 P apy. A. 2 50-56 cf. Clem. Al. Str. 5. 731 where 54

has δίκαν ὁσίαν ayvay

95

LYRA GRAECA

11 (xv) [Ἡρακλῆς]

στρ. [Nop οὔ[τ]. «ἔ! οεκ᾽, ἐπεὶ 1 [ὁλκ]άδ᾽ ἔπεμψεν ἐμοὶ ypvoéav [Πειερ]ίαθ εἰν] ἐύθ]ρονος [ΟἹ ὐρανία ἰπολυφ]άτων γέμουσαν ὕμνων,

5 [σὲ κλέε]ν," εἴτ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀνθεμόεντι “Εβρῳϑ [θήρᾳ ἀἸγάλλεαι * ἢ δολιχαύχενι κύ[κνου] [ὀπὶ ἁἸδεΐᾳ φρένα TEPT OMEVOS:

[πρὶν «ἂν οὖν ἔν; θα]δ᾽ ikn παιηόνων ἄνθεα πεδοιχνεῖν, 10 Πύθι ΓΑπολλον, τόσα χοροὶ Δελφῶν σὸν κελάδησαν Tap ἀγακλέα ναόν, ἀντ. πρίν γε κλέομεν λιπεῖν Οἰχαλίαν πυρὶ δαπτομέναν

1ὅ ᾿Αμφιτρυωνιάδαν θρασυμηδέα φῶ- θ᾽, ἵκετο δ᾽ ἀμφικύμον᾽ ἀκτάν, ἔνθ᾽ ἀπὸ λαΐδος εὐρυνεφεῖ ἹΚηναίῳ Ζηνὶ θύεν ἴ βαρναχέας ἐννέα ταύρους δύο T ὀρσίαλῳ δαμασίχθονι μέλ-

20 Ne κόρᾳ τ᾽ ὀβριμοδερκεῖ ἄξζυγα παρθένῳ ᾿Αθάνᾳ ὑψικέραν βοῦν. τότ᾽ ἄμαχος δαίμων

1 1-8 restored by Kenyon (4), Sandys (2), Palmer (7), £ in 1. 1 P perh. had ουτιοικ᾽ corr. to ουτεοικ᾽, but only ov is certain 2 E, infin. cf. 18 and 37. 1-29 3 Meiser Myth. Unters. zu Bacch. Munich 1904 Στρόμβῳ as old name of Hebrus

96

BACCHYLIDES

11 (xv)

[HeErac es]

I must not sing thy praises now, albeit! throned Urania hath sent me from Pieria a golden galleon laden with famous hymns, if truly thou rejoicest beside the flowery Hebrus in the chase, or takest mayhap thy pleasure of the sweet long-necked voice Ge the swan.” So ere thou, comest, ©» Pythian Apollo, to seek the Paean-blossoms which the Delphian dancers are wont to chant thee by thy glorious temple, we tell how the adventurous bold son of Amphitryon® quitted flaming Oechalia,* and came to the wave-washed shore where le was to offer of his spoil nine bellowing bulls unto widc- clouded Zeus Cenaean,® and two of the same unto Him that rouseth sea and subdueth land,‘ and a high- horned ox untouched of the yoke to virgin Athena so fierce of eye. Then it was that a God irresistible 7

1lit. ‘when’; 1,6. ‘I must not take this opportunity granted me by tent of singing a hymn to Apovlilo, for he is (supposed to be) absent now’; A. was supposed to be absent from Delphi during the three winter month s, When dithy- rambs took the place of paeans in his worship (Plat. de Ε 9}; they might have been sung shortly before the beginning of spring; cf. Alc. 1; he returned on the 7th Anthesterion (Feb. ~ March) 2 ef. Οὐ. Ὁ. ὃ 3 Heracles 4 in

Euboea; the home of [ole, sacked by H. §5 worshipped on or near the promontory of Cenaeum the N.W. end of Euboea § Poseidon 7 Destiny

4 P-era: 5 P perh. -os-: 80. ἀγάλλεαι 6 “repeated mply’ 7 yntin.

SN

VUL, ΠῚ. Il

3 ΕΖ.

LYRA GRAECA

Δαϊανείρᾳ πολύδακρυν ὕφανε é

- a » a 25 μῆτιν ἐπιφρον΄ ἐπεὶ 4 τὶ 3 [4 ’ πύθετ᾽ ἀγγελίαν ταλαπενθέα,

,ὔ δ ᾿Ιόλαν ὅτι λευκώλενον

Διὸς υἱὸς ἀταρβομάχας

” ὯΝ \ , le ἄλοχον λιπαρὸν ποτὶ δόμον πέμποι.

80 ὦ δύσμορος, ἃ τάλαιν᾽, οἷον ἐμήσατο"

t 3 ' δ 7 φθόνος εὐρυβίας νιν ἀπώλεσεν

“ f A Ovopeov TE κάλυμμα τῶν

δ / ὕστερον ἐρχο μένων,

αἰ. ὃ

10

98

OT ἐπὶ ᾿ ῥοδόεντι Λυκόρμᾳ δέξατο Νέσσου πάρα δαιμόνιον τέρας.

12 (xvi) "Hi@eor ἢ Θησεύς

Κυανόπρῳρα μὲν ναῦς μενέκτυπον Θησέα δὶς ἑπτά τ᾽ ἀγλαοὺς ἄγουσα κούρους ᾿Ιαόνων Κρητικὸν τάμνε πέλαγος" τηλαυγέϊ γὰρ [ev] φάρεϊ βορήϊαι πίτνον αὖραι κλυτᾶς ἕκατι π[ο]λεμαίγιδος ᾿Αθάνας" κνίσεν τε ΔΙίνωϊ 5 κέαρ ἱμεράμπυκος θεᾶς Κύπριδος αἰνὰ δῶρα" χεῖρα δ᾽ οὐκέτι παρθενικᾶς ἄτερθ᾽ ἐράτνεν, θίγεν δὲ λευκᾶν παρηΐδων'

Boacé τ᾽ ’EpiBora χαλκο- θώρακα ἸΙανδίονος

BACCHYLIDES

wove a shrewd-sorrowful device for Deianeira, when she learnt the woeful news that the fray-undaunted son of Zeus was sending white-armed I[olé to his shining house for to become his bride. Alas, poor miserable, and again alas! that she should make such a plot as that. Her ruin was wide-mighted Jealousy and the murky veil that hid the future, the day she received from Nessus upon Lycormas’ rose- clad marge! that marvellous gift divine.”

12 (xvi) Tue Younc MEN anp Matipens or THESEUS

Lo a blue-prowed ship clave the Cretan main with Theseus staunch-i’-the din aboard and twice seven splendid youths and maids? of race lJonian, for northern breezes fell on her far-gleaming canvas by grace of Athena of the warring aegis. And Minos’ heart was pricked by the fell gifts of the love-crowned Dame of Cyprus, till he could no more hold off his hand from a maid but touched her fair white cheeks. Then loud cried Eriboea upon the brazen-cuisséd seed of Pandion,* and Theseus saw,

1 of Euenus, a river of Aetolia 2 the poisoned shirt with which she killed Heracles ὁ οἷν, ον 1εὴ. Ὁ. 2] (Bacchylides in Dithyrambis); these young Athenians were the periodic tribute (the period varies in the different accounts from one year to nine), paid to the Minotaur at Cnosus 4 father of Aegeus reputed father of Theseus

1 P inserts (gloss) ποταμῷ 2 P μίνω

99 H 2

LYRA GRAECA

\ 4 ἔκγονον" ἴδεν δὲ Θησεύς, Ui > Ὁ 39. i μέλαν δ᾽ ὑπ᾽ ὀφρύων , 4 δίνασεν ὄμμα, καρδίαν τέ οἱ ͵ Μ » σχέτλιον ἄμυξεν ἀλγος Ω 3 / e Ἂ ey be 20 eipev Te Διὸς vie φερτάτου, e ’ ὩΣ ὅσιον οὐκέτι τεᾶν ἔσω κυβερνᾷς φρενῶν θυμόν' io χε μεγαλοῦχον ἥρως βίαν. / avT.a OTL μὲν ἐκ θεῶν μοῖρα παγκρατὴς 25 ἄμμι κατένευσε καὶ Δίκας ῥέπει τά- / λαντον, πεπρωμέναν id αἶσαν ἐκπλήσομεν ὅταν \ a ἔλθῃ" ov δὲ βαρεῖαν κάτε- fol / 4 χε μῆτιν. εἰ καί σε κέδνα 7 \ \ ’ 80 τέκεν λέχει Διὸς ὑπὸ κρόταφον "Idas μιγεῖσα ! Φοίνικος ἐρα- t A τώνυμος κόρα βροτῶν “ 3 Ν > \ φέρτατον, ἀλλὰ κἀμὲ 11 τθέος θυγάτηρ ἀφνεοῦ πλαθεῖσα 1 ποντίῳ τέκεν an “ Ποσειδᾶνι χρυσεὸν τέ οἱ δόσαν ἰόπλοκοι κα- 4 if N 7 9 λυπτραν Kopat Ni7p€os. τῶ σε, πολέμαρχε Κνωσίων, / is 40 κέλομαι TONVOTOVOV 5 , er b] \ ‘A / ἐρύκεν ὕβριν" ov yap av θέλοι- Se? t 3 2 \ 2 A μ᾽ ἀμβρότου 8 épavvoy ᾿Δοῦς ὃ ἴω / > / 4 >) tO 4 ἰδεῖν φάος, ἐπει " τιν nidewy σὺ δαμάσειας ἀέκον- - , A , 45 ta: πρόσθς χειρῶν βιαν ς.» ‘ \ > 3 ἢ 7 A CelEouev’ τὰ δ᾽ ἐπιόντα δαίμων κρινεῖ. ἐπ. α'Χ Too εἶπεν ἀρέταιχμος ἥρως"

9 ὧι

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BACCHYLIDES

and his eye rolled dark ‘neath his brows, and a στο] pang pieced to his heart, and ‘Son of peerless Zeus ’ quoth he, ‘now guidest thou no righteous spirit in thy breast. Stay I pray thee, hero, thy presumptuous violence. Whate’er resistless Fate hath decreed us from on high and the scale of Right inclineth to, we shall fulfil our destiny, I doubt not, when it comes ; prithee restrain thy grievous intent meanwhile. True it may be that thou art the peerless offspring of the bed Zeus shared beneath Ida’s brow with Phoenix’ modest maiden so fair of fame; yet I also come of the wedding of rich Pittheus’ daughter? unto Posei- don of the sea, when the violet-crowned daughters of Nereus gave her a veil of gold. Therefore 1 bid thee, O war-lord of Cnosus, restrain a presumptuous- ness that would bring much woe; for I would not my eyes should look on the sweet light of the immortal Dawn after thou hadst done despite to any of this youthful band. Sooner will I show the strength of my arms beside yours, and God shall decide the rest.’

So spake the spear-valiant hero, and the ship’s crew

1 Europa 2 Aethra, daughter of the king of Troezcn, afterwards wife of Aegeus

1 Honsman transposes μιγεῖσα (31) and πλαθεῖσα (85) 8 ἢ despite Didymus ap. Ammon. 79 (= Bgk. fr. 10): P κάλυμμα Νηρηΐδες : for persistence of unmetrical readings cf. the extra κῶλον at Pind. Οἱ, 2. 29 3 P auBpdrot 4 Headl. ἔτ᾽ εἰ 5 hence [0]. 78 and for !l. 91-2 we have Ox. Pap. 1091

Io!

στρ 8

102

50

60

65

75

LYRA GRAECA

τάφον δὲ ναυβάται φωτὸς ὑπεράφανον θάρσος" “Αλίου τε γαμβρῷ χόλωσεν Hrop, ὕφαινέ τε ποταινίαν MATL, εἶπέν Te ᾿λΙεγαλοσθενὲς Ζεῦ πάτερ, ἄκουσον' εἴπερ με νύμφα Φοίνισσα λευκώλενος σοὶ τέκεν, νῦν πρόπεμπ᾽ ἀπ᾽ οὐρανοῦ θοὰν πυριέθειραν ἀ ἀστραπὰν

3 / σᾶμ μ᾽ ἀρίγνωτον" εἰ δὲ καὶ σὲ Τροιζηνία σεισίχθονι φύτευσεν Αἴθρα Ποσει- δᾶνι, τόνδε χρύσεον χειρὸς ἀγλαὸν ἔνεγκε κόσμον ἐκ βαθείας ἁλός, δικὼν θράσει σῶμα πατρὸς ἐς δόμους. εἴσεαι δ᾽ ain ἐμᾶς κλύῃ Κρόνιος εὐχᾶς

ἀναξιβρέντας ὁ πάντων μεδέων. 1

κλύε δ᾽ ἄμεμπτον εὐχὰν μεγασθενὴς Ζεύς, ὑπέροχόν τέ οἱ τέκμαρ φύτευσε

, , A τίμαν φίλῳ θέλων

\ , 3 “

παιδὶ πανδερκέα θέμεν, 37 / ple ἄστραψέ ee ὁ δὲ θυμαρμένον ἰδὼν τέρας πέτασε χεῖρας κλυτὰν ἐς αἰθέρα μενεπτόλεμος ἥρως εἶρέν Te’ " Θησεῦ, Tad ἐμὰ

\ / a \ μὲν βλέπεις σαφῆ Διὸς δῶρα" σὺ δ᾽ ὄρνυ᾽ és® Ba- ρύβρομον πέλαγος" Κρονίδας δέ: τοὶ πατὴρ ἄναξ τελεῖ

BACCHYLIDES

marvelled at the exceeding courage of the man; and the heart of the Sun-God’s daughter’s spouse! grew wroth, and a strange new plot he wove, and said ‘Give ear, mighty Father of mine! If indeed I am thy child of Phoenix’ white-armed daughter, I prithee send now forth of heaven a swift fire-tressed levin-bolt for a sign all may know; and thou, if for thy part thou comest of Troezenian Aethra by Earth-Shaker Poseidon, go fling thyself without demur into thy father’s house and fetch this bright golden ornament of my hand.* So shalt thou know if the Son of Cronus that is lord of the thunder and ruleth all, heareth the prayer I make him.’

Heard the prayer was and approved by mighty Zeus, and, willing to do his dear son an honour plain to all, he made him a surpassing sign and lightened. And when he saw the welcome portent, the war-stedfast hero stretched his arms to the loud sky, and ‘ Here, Theseus,’ quoth he, ‘seest thou plain the gifts Zeus giveth unto me; come then thou, and spring into the roaring main, and thy father Lord Poseidon son

1 Minos, whose wife Pasiphaé was daughter of the Sun . Ὁ θεν a ring

1P παντω[ν pede)’ [wr] 2 E despite Alem. Parth. 87 (cf. 72): P re μίνων (gloss) 3 O.P. πανταρκεα 4 mss XElpas πετασσε 5 Platt: P rade O.P. rade[ 8 O.P. opvva’ oeo[ with second o deleted: for ὄρνυ(ο) cf. 11. 24. 63 δαίνυο

103

LYRA GRAECA

Ποσειδὰν ὑπέρτατον

80 κλέος χθόνα κατ᾽ ἠὔδενδρον.᾽ * ὡς ele’ τῷ δ᾽ οὐ πάλιν θυμὸς ἀνεκάμπτετ᾽, ἀλλ᾽ εὐ- πάκτων ἐπ᾽ ἰκρίων σταθεὶς ὄρουσε, πόντιόν τέ νιν

85 δέξατο θελημὸν ἄλσος. τάφεν δὲ Διὸς υἱὸς ἔνδοθεν κέαρ, κέλευσέ τε KAT OV- ρον ἴσχεν εὐδαίδαλον yaa" Moipa δ᾽ ἑτέραν ἐπόρσυν᾽ ὁδόν.

ἀντ. β΄ ἵετο δ᾽ ὠκύπομπον δόρυ' σόει

91 νιν Bopeas ἐξόπιν " πνέουσ᾽ ἀήτα᾽ τρέσσαν δ᾽ ᾿Αθαναΐων ἠΐθέων «πᾶν; 3 γένος, ἐπεὶ ἥρως θόρεν πόντονδε, κα-

95 τὰ λειρίων T ὀμμάτων δά- κρυ χέον, βαρεῖαν ἐπιδέγμενοι ἀνάγκαν. φέρον a δελφῖνες ἅλι- ναιέται 4 μέγαν θοῶς Θησέα πατρὸς ἱππί-

100 ov δόμον' μέγαρόν τε θεῶν μόλεν. TOOL κλυτὰς ἰδὼν ἔδεισ᾽ ὀλβίοιο ἐἶνο)- ρέος ὃ κόρας" ἀπὸ γὰρ ἀγλα- ὧν λάμπε γυίων σέλας

1 P ευδ. 2K: or ἐξόπιθε (B1.): P εξόπιθεν 7k 4 Palmer: Perad:lyar. ὃ P εμολεν τε θεων μεγαρον ὃ Lud- wich: P ἐδεισε,νηρεος ολ[ βίου

1 Theophrastus H.P. 6. 6. 9 identifies this flower with what he calls the narcissus; in any case, for us it would

104

BACCHYLIDES

of Cronus will assure thee glory supreme upon all the wooded earth.’ He ended, and the other's spirit bent not back, but he took his stand upon the firm poop and leapt, and the precinct of the deep received him right kindly. And the heart of the son of Zeus was amazed within him, and he bade them keep the cunningly-wrought ship before the wind. But Destiny struck out another path.

The bark sped on amain, urged from astern by the North-Wind’s breath, and all the tribe of Athenian youth were affrighted when the hero leapt into the sea, and shed tears from their lily eyes+ to think of the woeful hap that needs must be. Meanwhile that sea-people the dolphins bore great Theseus full swiftly to the abode of his father the Lord of steeds,” and he came into the hall of the Gods. There beheld he with awe Nereus’ famous Daughters, whose splendid limbs shed a brightness as of fire and

only have a Latin name; I therefore give the traditional translation (cf. ‘ Lent-lily’ = wild daffodil); but we may compare the Pheasant-eye Narcissus of our gardens, a native of the Mediterranean region, which is sometimes called the Narcissus of the Poets; the translation is justified as an adjective by its use by English writers from Spenser to Tennyson; if the Pheasant-eye is intended here, the pupil of the human eye is meant to correspond to the coloured centre, and the white to the white petals; the word is given its original use as an adjective, cf. Pind. N. 7. 79 λείριον ἄνθεμον ; Aetpds (Hesych. ὁ ἰσχνὸς καὶ ὠχρός, ‘thin and pale,’) and λειροφθαλμός (Suid. 6 προσηνεῖς ἔχων τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, ‘with gentle eyes’) may or may not be connected ; perhaps also Anpol (Hesych. τὰ περὶ τοῖς γυναικείοις χιτῶσι, ‘the gold piping of women’s smocks’); Boisacq favours the view that λείριον is borrowed from Egyptian, comparing the Coptic pnp: = flower; the meaning is ‘bright young eyes,’ cf. Shakespeare’s ‘ young-eyed cherubins’ 2 Poseidon’s palace in the depths of the sea

105

LYRA GRAECA

105 wre πυρός, ἀμφὶ χαίταις

δὲ χροσεόπλοκοι

δίνηντο ταινίαι᾽ χορῷ & ἔτερ-

πον κέαρ ὑγροῖσι 1 ποσσίν'

σεμνὰν «δέ; τ᾽ ἄλοχον πατρὸς φίλαν

110 ide,” βοῶπιν ἐ ἐρατοῖ-

σιν ᾿Αμφιτρίταν δόμοις"

ἅ νιν ἀμφέβαλεν εἰανὸν πορφυρέον, 5

ἐπ. β΄ κόμαισί τ᾽’ ἐπέθηκεν οὔλαις

ἀμεμφέα πλόκον,

115 tov ποτέ οἱ ἐν γάμῳ

δῶκε δόλιος ᾿Αφροδίτα ῥόδοις épemros.4 ἄπιστον ὅτι δαίμονες

θέωσιν ὃ οὐδὲν φρενοάραις βροτοῖς" vad mapa λεπτόπρυμνον φάνη" φεῦ,

120 οἷαισιν ἐν φροντίσι Κνώσιον

/ ἔσχασε στραταγέταν, ἐπεὶ

μόλ᾽ ἀδίαντος ἐξ ἁλὸς θαῦμα πάντεσσι, λάμ- πε δ᾽ ἀμφὶ γυίοις θεῶν δῶρ᾽ , ἀγλαό-

125 θρονοί τε κοῦραι σὺν εὖὐ-

θυμίᾳ νεοκτίτῳ

ὠλόλυξαν ἔ-

κλαγεν δὲ πόντος" ἠΐθεοι δ᾽ ἐγγύθεν νέοι παϊάνιξαν ἐρατᾷ ὀπί.

130 πον χοροῖσι Κηΐων

1K:

ppéva’ ἰανθεὶς ὄπαζε θεόπομπον ἐσθλῶν τύχαν.

P -ow εν 2 Housm.—£: P ιδ[ο]ν (corr. to εἶδεν)

τε π᾿ a. φ. | σεμναν (ἴδε and σεμνάν accidentally transposed ;

106

BACCHYLIDES

ribbons gold-braided went round about their hair, there, where lissom feet rejoiced their heart with a dance ; aye, and he beheld in that delightful house his father’s stately wife so dear, the great-eyed Amphitrité, who put about him a fine purple robe, and on his thick hair the perfect anadem which she had at her marriage of the sly rose-crowned Aphrodite.

Nothing Gods may do is past belief to men of sound wit. Beside the slender-sternéd ship lo he appeared. Ah the thoughts wherewith he gave check to the Cnosian captain, when he came dry from the deep a marvel to all with the gifts? of a God? shining upon him, when the bright-thronéd Maidens 4 shrieked with a new-made mirth and the sea cried out, when the sweet voices of young men and maidens near by raised a paean of thanksgiving !

O Lord of Delos,’ be thy heart made glad with the Cean dances, and a God-sped hap of blessings come hither from thee!

1 the epithet ‘rose-crowned’ softens the unpleasant effect of ‘sly,’ cf. ἀδείᾳ and δολιχαύχενι of the swan’s voice 11. 6-7 2 including the ring? 8 in the Gk. ‘ Gods,’ but it is prob. a ‘generalising plural’ * the Nereids 5 Theseus, returning from Crete, touched at Delos

then δέ lost by haplogr. ; then πατρός and ἄλοχον inverted by a syllable-counter) ; for inversion cf, 10. 47, 12. 72, and J p. 117 8 Headl.—Z#, cf. Sa. 61, Jl. 16.9: P aiova πορφυρεαν" 4 EK, cf. épépw: P ερεμνον, but if the wreath was ‘dark’ with roses they must have been real ones; if so, they would have withered long before 5 Rich: P θέλωσιν oa εσχασεν 7 J φρένας

107

στρ. α΄

10

15

LYRA’ GRAEG@A

13 (xvii) Θησεύς

Βασιλεῦ τᾶν ἱερᾶν ᾿Αθανᾶν, τῶν ἁβροβίων ἄναξ ᾿Ιώνων,ἷ τί νέον ἔκλαγε χαλκοκώδων σάλπιγξ πολεμηΐαν ἀοιδάν ;

7) τὸς ἁμετέρας χθονὸς δυσμενὴς ὃ Ope ἀμφιβάλλει στραταγέτας ἀνήρ; :

ἢ λῃσταὶ κακομάχανοι ποιμένων ἀέκατι μήλων σεύοντ᾽ ἀγέλας βίᾳ;

) TL TOL κραδίαν ἀμύσσει ; ᾿ φθέγγευ" δοκέω γὰρ εἴ τινι βροτῶν ἀλκίμων ἐπικουρίαν

καὶ τὶν ἔμμεναι νέων,

ὦ ἸΙανδίονος υἱὲ. καὶ Κρεούσας.

στρ. β'΄ Νέον ἦλθεν δολιχὰν ἀμείψας

20

20

108

κᾶρυξ ποσὶν ᾿Ισθμίαν κέλευθον" ἄφατα δ᾽ ἔργα) λέγει κραταιοῦ φωτός" τὸν ὑπέρβιόν T ἔπεφνεν Σίνειν, ὃς ἰσχύϊ φέρτατος θνατῶν ἣν, Κρονίδα Λυταίου σεισίχθονος τέκος"

σῦν T ἀνδροκτόνον ἐν νάπαις Κρεμμυῶνος, ἀτάσθαλόν τε Σκίρωνα κατέκτανεν"

τάν τε Κερκνόνος παλαίστραν ἔσχεν, ΠΤολυπήμονός τε καρτερὰν

BACCHYLIDES

13 (xvii) ‘THESEus 1

King of holy Athens, lord of the soft-living lonians, what new thing means the war-song that cries from the brazen-belled clarion? Doth a captain of enemies beset? the bounds of our land? or thieves of ill intent drive our herds of sheep perforce in their keepers’ despite * or what is it pricks thy heart? Prithee speak; for thou, me- thinks, if any man, hast aid of valiant youths to thy hand, O son of Pandion and Creiisa.—

A messenger is but now come running, by way of the long road of Isthmus, with news of the deeds ineflable of a mighty man,’ who hath slain the huge Sinis that o’erpassed the world in strength, child of the Earth-shaker Lytaean,* the son of Cronus, and hath laid low the man-slaying sow in the woods of Cremmyon, aye, and the wicked Sciron,5 and hath ended the wrestling-place of Cercyon,§ and Poly-

1 The speakers are the leader of a chorus and Aegeus; the dithyramb was prob. performed at Athens 2 cl, Frag. Adesp, 127.6 Nauck 8 the young Theseus, son by Poseidon of Aegeus’ queen Acthra + Poseidon was said to be so called because he ‘ freed ’ (λύειν) the Peneius by cleaving the vale of Tempe through the mountains, cf. Steph. Byz. Λυταί ; Sinis rent his victims in twain by tying either arm to the top of one of two bent firs which he then allowed to spring up and apart 5 a robber who lived on the coast- road between Corinth and Megara and threw his victims down the ‘Scironian Rocks’ into the sea 6 a place on the road from Megara to Eleusis was still called the ‘ wrestling- place of Cercyon’ in the time of Pausanias, 1. 39, 3

1 cf. Hermog. Rh. Gr. Walz 5. 493, 72 982 109g

LYRA GRAECA

σφῦραν ἐξέβαλεν IIpoxorr- τας, ἀρείονος τυχὼν 80 φωτός. ταῦτα δέδοιχ᾽ ὅπᾳ τελεῖται. atp.y Τίνα δ᾽ ἔμμεν πόθεν ἄνδρα τοῦτον λέγει τίνα τε στολὰν ἔχοντα ; πότερα σὺν πολεμηΐοις O- πλοισι στρατιὰν ἄγοντα πολλάν ; 35 ἢ μοῦνον σὺν ὀπάοσιν } στείχειν ἔμπορον of ἀλάταν ἐπ᾿ ἀλλοδαμίαν, ἰσχυρόν τε καὶ ἄλκιμον ὧδε καὶ θρασύν, ὃς τοσούτων 3 40 ἀνδρῶν κρατερὸν σθένος ἔσχεν ; 7 θεὸς αὐτὸν ὁρμᾷ δίκας ἀδίκοισιν ὄφρα μήσεται' οὐ γὰρ ῥάδιον αἰὲν ἔρ- δοντα μὴ ντυχεῖν κακῷ. 45 πάντ᾽ ἐν τῷ δολιχῷ χρόνῳ τελεῖται. στρ. δ᾽ Δύο οἱ φῶτε μόνους ἁμαρτεῖν λέγει, περὶ φαιδίμοισι δ᾽ ὦμοις ξίφος ἔχειν [ἐλεφαντόκωπονἾ," ξεστοὺς δὲ du ἐν χέρεσσ᾽ ἄκοντας, 50 κηὔτυκτον κυνέαν Λάκαι- ναν κρατὸς περὶ ἃ πυρσοχαίτου, στέρνοις τε πορφύρεον χιτῶν > ἄμφι, καὶ οὔλιον Θεσσαλὰν χλαμύδ᾽" ὀμμάτων δὲ 55 στίλβειν ἄπο Λαμνίον φοίνισσαν droya’ παῖδα δ᾽ ἔμμεν πρώθηβον, ἀρηΐων δ᾽ ἀθυρμάτων μεμνᾶσθαι πολέμου τε καὶ Χαλκεοκτύπουν μάχας" 60 δίζησθαι δὲ φιλαγλάους ᾿Αθάνας.

110

BACCHYLIDES

pemon’s strong hammer is dropt from the hand of a Maimer1! who hath found his match. I fear me how this all shall end.—

Who and whence saith he that this man is, and what his equipage? Comes he with a great host under arms, or travelleth alone with his servants like a merchant? that wanders abroad, this man so mighty, stout, and valiant, who hath stayed the great strength of so many? Sure a God must speed him for to bring the unjust to justice, for it is no light task to come off ever free of ill. All things end in the long run of time.—

Two alone, he saith, are with him, and there is slung to his bright shoulders a sword of ivory haft, and either hand hath a polished javelin; a well- wrought Spartan bonnet is about his ruddy locks, and a purple shirt around his breast, with a cloak of the frieze of Thessaly ; and as for his eyes, there goes a red flash from them as of Lemnian flame ;? a lad is he first come to manhood, bent on the pastimes of Ares, war and the battle-din of bronze ; and his quest is unto splendour-loving Athens,

1 generally called Procrustes; he used to force travellers between Athens and Eleusis into a bed which he cut or stretched their limbs to fit 2 or wayfarer Set here was a volcano in Lemnos

1 Goligher: P οπλοισιν, cf. Eur. Hee. 1148 2 Platt: P os TouTwy: τοιούτων would give the meaning ‘the mighty strength of so strong men’ 3 Desrousseaux, from Ov. Met. 7. 41: there is no gap in P 4 Bl: P ύπερ 5 Platt: P χιτωνα mw. | στερνοις ταμφι

Tit

LYRA GRAECA

14 (xviti) ‘lo

᾿Αθηναίοις

στρ. Ἰίάρεστι μυρία κέλευθος

10

1ὅ

3 d , ἀμβροσίων μελέων,

ἃ A \ / ,

ὃς av mapa [Πιερίδων λά- χησι δῶρα Μουσᾶν, ἰοβλέφαροί τε καὶ φερεστέφανοι Χάριτες βάλωσιν ἄμφι τιμὰν ὕμνοισιν" ὕφαινέ νυν ἐν ταῖς πολνηράτοις τι καινὸν ὀλβίαις ᾿Αθάναις,

εὐαίνετε Κηΐα μέριμνα. πρέπει σε pepratay | ἔμεν ὁδὸν παρὰ Καλλιόπας λα- χοῖσαν ἔξοχον γέρας.

> ο ἊΣ 50” CF fal

EV pyos οὔ ἵππιον λιποῦσα φεῦγε χρυσέα βοῦς

εὐρυσθενέος φραδαῖσι φερτάτου Διὸς, Ἰνάχου ῥοδοδάκτυλος κόρα,

1

avT. OT “Apyov ὁ ὄμμασι βλέποντα

20

28

πάντοθεν ἀκαμάτοις μεγιστοάνασσα κέλευσε / e χρυσόπεπλος ρα ἄκοιτον AUTVOV ἔον- ’ τα καλλικέραν δάμαλιν ’ > \ ΄ φυλάώσσεν, οὐδὲ Μαίας ον 3 » > > υἱὸς OuvaT οὔτε KAT εὐ- “ A φεγγέας ἁμέρας λαθεῖν νιν > 4 e οὔτε νύκτας ἀγν[άς.]3

BACCHYLIDES

14 (xvn1) Io For THE ATHENIANS

There’s full many a path of immortal verse for him that is dowered of the Pierian Muses, and hath his songs clothed in honour by those violet-eyed Weimeers Οἱ the wreath, the Graces... Soweave, I pray thee, for delightful blessed Athens a passing fine strain, thou Cean fantasy that hast won such fame.! Dowered as art thou of Calliopé so ex- ceeding well, the path thou choosest should indeed be noble.

Once on a day the counsels of wide-mighted noble Zeus sent a-fleeing from Argos that land of steeds the golden heifer that was the rose-fingered daughter of Inachus,? when gold-robed Hera, Lady most high, had bidden that Argus who looked all ways with tireless eyes to keep ward sleepless and unresting on the fair-horned maid, and the Son of Maia? could not elude him either by radiant day or pure and holy night. Whether it came to pass that the fleet-

1 ref. to the poet’s uncle Simonides? * river-god and king of Arcadia 3 Hermes, sent by Zeus to slay Argus

1 P corr. to κλεινόν 2 Headl: Pv: nv (a sy llabie- count- ing emendation of ἦν, corruption of τ for τί ἦν ‘what happened, when . . and when {19] . . (comma at φυλάσσεν 25 and interrogation-mark at aynds 28) cf. Plat. Phaedo 58a: but antistr. has a trochee 5.1], 28-51 restored by Jebb (28-32, 35, 36, 38, 41, 43, 45-50), HE (33), Kenyon (34, 39), Blass (40, 4), Blass- Jebb (42), Wilamowitz (51)

113

VOL. Uk |

114

LYRA GRAECA

εἴτ᾽ οὖν 1 yéver’ ἐΐν μάχας ἀγῶνι]

80 modapKé ἄγγελο[ν Διὸς] κτανεῖν τότε [las ὑπέροπλον] ὀβριμοσπόρου λ[όχον] “A pyov; 7 ἤ 5 ῥα καὶ elvvacav λαθοῦσαι) ἄσπετοι μέριμναι, ]

35 ἢ Πιερίδες φύτευσ[ζαν ἁδύμῳ μέλει]

ἐπ. καδέων ἀνάπαυσιν ἐμπέδων, | ἐμοὶ μὲν οὖν 1 ἀσφαλέστατον a πρῴίσω κέλευθος,] ἐπεὶ παρ᾽ ἀνθεμώδεα]

40 Νεῖλον ἀφίκετ᾽ οἰστροπλὰξ)] ᾿Ιὼ φέρουσα παῖδα [γαστρὶ τὸν Διός, ] “Ezadov’ ἔνθα νιν τέκ᾽ εὐκλέα] λινοστόλων πρύτανιν πολιτᾶν] ὑπερόχῳ βρύοντία τιμᾷ,]

45 μεγίσταν τε Oval τῶν ἔφανεν yevebrar, | ὅθεν καὶ ᾿Αγανορί[δας] ἐν ἑπταπύλοισι Θήβαις] Κάδμος Σεμέλ[αν φύτευσεν,] ἃ τὸν ὀρσιβάκχα!ν]

50 τίκτεν Διόνυσον [εὐφρόνων ΤΕ κώμων] καὶ χορῶν στεφαν[αφόρων ἄνακτα.

BACCHYLIDES

foot messenger of Zeus slew that fierce offspring of huge-childed Earth in combat of battle, or his cares unutterable put him unawares to sleep, or again the Pierians’ delightsome music! made his persistent troubles cease awhile, howsoever it were, surest for such as me is the path that passeth on to the day when the gadfly-driven Io came to flowery Nile with child to Zeus, with child of Epaphus.2- There bare she him to be the faméd ruler of a linen-robéd people,® a prince abounding in exceeding honour, and [gave to the light a line] the mightiest of the world, whence Cadmus son of Agenor begat in seven-gate Thebes that Semelé who bare Dionysus rouser of Bacchanals, [lord of merry revellings} and dances that bear the prize.4

1 of Hermes, disguised as a shepherd 2 founder of Memphis 3 the Egyptians 4 in the contest of

dithyramb choruses

1 resumptive 2 ἢ

dus τ

LYRA GRAECA

15 (xix)-15 A Ἴδας

Λακεδαιμονίοις

Σπάρτᾳ ποτ᾽ ἐν εἰ ὑρυχόρῳ] ξανθαὶ ᾿Λακεδαι[μονίων τοιόνδε μέλος κ[ όραι διώκευν, | ? ὅτ᾽ ἄγετο καλλιεπάϊ pgor | 5 κόραν θρασυκάρϊδιος᾿ Ἴδας] Maprnocapv ἰὀότ[ριχ᾽ ἐς οἴκους] φυγὼν θανάτου τ[ελευτὰν] 6.9. [CO apy ὀπάσσας |? ἀναξίαλος ἸΤοσει[ sav] 10 ἵππους τέ οἱ ἰσαν[ἐμους έ.9. Πλευρῶν᾽ ἐς ἐὐκτ! ἱμέναν πέμψεν παρὰ] χρυσάσπιδος υἱὸν "Δρηος].

Φ e ° e e .

15 A

Sch. Pind, Js. 4, 92 ἱκρανίοις ὕφρα ξένων | ναὸν Ποσειδάωνος ἐρέφοντα -σχέθοι] ἰδίως τὸν ᾿Ανταῖόν φησι τῶν ξένων τῶν ἥττω- μένων τοῖς κρανίοις ἐρέφειν τὸν τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος ναόν: τοῦτο γὰρ ἱστοροῦσι τὸν Θρᾷκα Διομήδην ποιεῖν. Βακχυλίδης δὲ Εὔηνον ἐπὶ τῶν Μαρπήσσης μνηστήρων, οἱ δὲ Οἰνόμαον, ὧς Σοφοκλῆς.

1.1), 1-12 restored by Headl. (1), Wil. (2), 2 (3), K (4, 5, 9), J (6, 8), Bl. (7), ΚΞ ὶὴ (11), Reinaeh (12) 2 ef. Simon. 86 (29 Bgk) 3 prob. written as part of 1. 7; cf. 29. 148, and for the reverse, 29. 115

116

BACCHY LIDES

15 (xix)-15 A IpAs

For THE SPARTANS

Once in spacious Lacedaemon the daxen-haired daughters of the Spartans danced to such a song as this, when stout-heart Idas! led home that fair- cheeked maid the violet-tressed Marpessa,? when he had ’scaped the end of death,? the day sea-lord Poseidon gave him a chariot and horses like the wind and sent him to the son of gold-bucklered Ares? at well-built Pleuron .. .

15 A

Scholiast on Pindar [‘to make him cease from roofing Poseidon’s temple with the skulls of strangers’}: The poet is peculiar in ascribing the roofing of Poseidon’s temple with the skulls of defeated strangers to Antaeus; the story is told of the Thracian Diomede; but Bacchylides relates that Euenus did this with the suitors of Marpessa, and Sophocles ascribes the like to Oenomaiis.

1 son of the Messenian Aphareus 2 daughter of Euenus king of Pleuronin Aetolia 8. see the next fr. * Euenus

a

LYRA GRAECA

16 (xx)-17 [Κάσσανδρα 1]

Sch. Pind. Ol. 10. 83 [ἀν᾽ ἵπποισι δὲ τέτρασιν | ἀπὸ Μαντινέας duos]: ὁ δὲ Δίδυμος οὕτω καθίστησι τὸν Adyov’ τὴν Μαντινέαν φησὶν εἶναι ἱερὰν Ποσειδῶνος, καὶ παρατίθεται τὸν Βακχυλίδην λέγοντα οὕτω"

Ποσειδάνιον ὡς

Mavrtivées τριόδοντα χαλκοδαιδάλοισιν ἐν ἀσπίσιν φορεῦντες

[ἀφ᾽ ἱπποτρ]όφα ποϊλιος] 3

11

Serv. den. 11. 95 [versis Arcades armis]: lugentum more mucronem hastae non cuspidem contra terram tenentes, quoniam antiqui nostri omnia contraria in funere faciebant, scuta etiam invertentes propter numina illic depicta, ne eorum simulacra cadaveris polluerentur aspectu, sicut habuisse Arcades Bacchylides in Dithyrambis dicit.

18 [Λαοκόων]

Ibid. 2. 201: sane Bacchylides de Laocoonte et uxore eius vel de serpentibus a Calydnis insulis venientibus atque in homines conversis dicit.

19 [Πέλοψ]

Sch. Pind. Ol. 1. 37 [ἐπεί νιν καθαρὰ λέβητος ἔξελε Κλωθώ]. .. . ὃ δὲ Βακχυλίδης τὸν Πέλοπα τὴν Ῥέαν λέγει ὑγιάσαι Céey-»> καθεῖσαν {πάλινν τῷ λέβητι. 3

1 ef. Porph. Hor. C. 1. 15 (quoted above p. 85), and Sch. Stat. Theb. 7. 330 2 this line so restored by Bl. occurs with parts of ll. 1-3 in the Great Papyrus; ἀπό or ἀφ᾽ must there have been written at the end of 1. 3; 1. 4 is not in Sch. Pind. 3B: mss διὰ τοῦ λέβητος

118

BACCHYLIDES

16 (xx)-17 Cassanpnra !

Scholiast on Pindar: [Sand with the four-horse chariot, Samus of Mantinea’]: Didymus gives the following ex- planation :—Mantinea is sacred to Poseidon, compare Bacchylides :

[See] how the Mantineans, with Poseidon’s trident as the blazon of their brass-bedizened shields, from

9

their horse-breeding city .. .3

17

Servius on Vergil Aeneid [the funeral of the hero Pallas— ‘The Arcadians with arms reversed’]: That is, holding in mourning fashion the point, not the butt, of the spear to the ground ; for our ancestors reversed everything at a funeral, even inverting their shields lest the likenesses of the Gods depicted on them be polluted by the sight of a corpse,— which likenesses the Arcadians had on their shields, according to Bacchylides in the Dithyrambs.*

18 [ Laocoén]

The Same [the death of Laocoén]: Bacchylides certainly speaks of Laocodn and his wife and of the serpents coming from the Calydnian Isles and being turned into men.

13 * [PeLops|

Scholiast on Pindar [Tantalus’ cannibal feast]: . . . Bac- chylides declares that Rhea (not Zeus) restored Pelops by putting him back into the cauldron.

1 Neue-Bl., comparing Serv. on den, 1]. 93 2 perh. from a list of Greek forces in Cassandra’s prophecy of the Trojan War (BI.); οὗ, Porphyrio (above, p. 85) 3 the

Arcadians perh. were mentioned in a list of the Greek forces in the Cassandra 4 cf, Eust. 1909. 61

11g

LYRA GRAECA

20 [Τυδ εύς]

Sch. Ar. 40. 1536 [καὶ τὴν Βασιλείαν σοι γυναῖκ᾽ ἔχειν διδῷ]. σωματοποιεῖ τὴν Βασιλείαν αὐτὸ τὸ πρᾶγμα ὡς γυναῖκα. Εὐφρόνιος, ὅτι Διὸς θυγάτηρ ἡ n Βασιλεία. καὶ δοκεῖ τὸ κατὰ τὴν ἀθανασίαν αὕτη οἰκονομεῖν, ἣν ἔχει καὶ παρὰ Βακχυλίδῃ 7; ἢ ᾿Αθηνᾶ, τῷ Τυδεῖ δώσουσα τὴν ἀθανασίαν.

21 [Φιλοκτήτης]

Sch. Pind. P. 1. 100 [Λαμνόθε»7' ταύτῃ τῇ ἱ ἱστορίᾳ καὶ Βακχυ- λίδης συμφωνεῖ ἐν τοῖς Διθυράμβοις, ὅτι δὴ οἱ Ἕλληνες ἐκ Λήμνου μετεστείλαντο τὸν Φιλοκτήτην Ἑλένον μαντευσαμένου" εἵμαρτο γὰρ ἄνευ τῶν Ἡρακλείων τόξων μὴ πορθηθῆναι τὸ Ἴλιον.

Δ΄ ΠΡΟΣΟΔΙΩΝ 22

Stob. FZ. 108. 26 + 49 [ὅτι δεῖ γενναίως φέρειν τὰ προσπίπτοντα ὄντας ἀνθρώπους καὶ κατ᾽ ἀρετὴν ζῆν ὀφείλοντας} Βακχυλίδου Προσοδίων" ἢ

v ef Υ “- 9 > [4 ἡδό στρ. Kits ὅρος, μία βροτοῖσιν * εὐτυχίας 000s, θυμὸν εἴ τις ἔχων ἀπενθῆ δύναται διατελεῖν βίον" ὃς δὲ μυρία μὲν ἀμφιυπολεῖ φρενί, Φ τὸ δὲ παρ᾽ ἅμάρ τε καὶ νύκτα μελλόντων χάριν ἑὸν ἰάπτεται κέαρ, ἄκαρπον ἔχει πόνον. ἀντ. τί γὰρ ἐλαφρὸν € ἔτ᾽ 3 ἄπρακτ᾽ ὀδυρόμενον δονεῖν καρδίαν; . ..

1 mss προσῳδιῶν 2 mss insert ἐστίν 8 mss insert ἐστ᾽ 120

BACCH Y LIDES

20 [Typevs]

Scholiast on Aristophanes [‘and have Kingship for your wife ᾽ : He personifies Kingship asa woman. According to Euphronius this is because Kingship is daughter of Zeus; and she appears to preside over the immortalisation-department, which in Bacchylides belongs to Athena, where she promises immortality to Tydeus.?.

pall [| PHILOCTETEs |

Scholiast on Pindar [‘ from Lemnos’]: This account tallies with that of Bacchylides in the Dithyrambs in making the Greeks fetch Philoctetes from Lemnos at the prophetic bidding of Helenus. It seems that it was fated that Linum should not be taken without the bow of Heracles.

Book IV PROCESSIONALS

22

Stobaeus Anthology [Of the need of bearing one’s lot like a gentleman, because we are human and ought to live according to virtue]: Bacchylides Processionals :—

One goal there is, one path, of mortal happiness, the power to keep a heart ungrieving to life’s end. Whoso busieth his wits with ten thousand cares and afflicteth his spirit night and day for the sake of things to come, the labour of such an one beareth no fruit, For what ease is there left us if we keep the heart astir with vain lament??...

1 cf. Apollod. 3. 75 2 the last sentence, is quoted separately but is thought to belong here

121

LYRA GRAECA

23

Ibid, 98. 25 [περὶ τοῦ βίον, ὅτι βραχὺς καὶ εὐτελὴς καὶ φροντί- δων ἀνάμεστος]ὔ Βακχυλίδον Προσοδίων" 1

A , πάντεσσι θνατοῖσι dat- f , ; f μων ἐπέταξε πόνους ἄλλοισιν ἄλλους.

E’ ITAPOENEION 24

Plut. Afus. 17 [π. ἁρμονιῶν7Ὑ οὐκ ἠγνόει δὲ (ὁ Πλάτων) ὅτι πολλὰ Δώρια παρθένεια ὃ ᾿Αλκμᾶνι καὶ Πινδάρῳ καὶ Σιμωνίδῃ καὶ Βακχυλίδῃ πεποίηται.

su THOPXHMATON 20 Stob, FZ. 11. 7 [π. ἀληθείας] Βακχνυλίδον Ὑπορχημάτων"

Λυδία μὲν yap? λίθος μανύει χρύσον" ἀν- δρῶν δ᾽ ἀρετὰν σοφίαν 4 τε παγκρατὴς ἐλέγχει andbea...

26-26 A

heil An. Gr. 7. 21 [π. ἀμφιμάκρου)Ὑγ ὁ δὲ αὐτὸς καλεῖται καὶ κρητικός, ὡς τῶν Κρητῶν ἐπινοησάντων τὸ εἶδος τοῦ τοιούτου

1 γη85 προσῳδιῶν 2 mss insert ἄλλα 3 mss also omit γάρ, .gem omits μὲν γάρ “gem σοφία with some mss

122

BACCHYEIDES 23

The same [on the shortness and vanity of life and how full it is of trouble]: Bacchylides Processionals :—

God hath laid toils upon all men, one upon this and another upon that.

Book V MAIDEN-SONGS 24

Plutarch Jfusic [the ‘modes’]: Plato was well aware that many Dorian Maiden-Songs have been composed by Aleman, Pindar, Simonides, and Bacchylides.

Book VI DANCE-SONGS

a5* Stobaeus Anthology [on Truth]: Bacchylides Dance- Songs :— For gold is disclosed by the Lydian touchstone, and the worth and skill of a man is proved by almighty Truth.

26-26 A ?

Keil <Analecta Grammatica [on the amphimacer, —vu-—]: It is also called a cretic because this kind of rhythm was

1 cf. a ‘gem,’ prob. itself. a touchstone, described by Caylus Rec. d’ Ant. V. pl. 50. 4 and Sch. 71,16. 57 yet. Dion. Hal Comp. 25 (τῷ παρὰ Βακχυλίδῃ), Ath. 14. 03] ο, Ael. H. A. 6. 1, Lue, Scyth. 11, Ach. Tat. 5. 12, Lact. ad Stat. Theb. 2. 721

123

ΓΥΒΑ ΒΑΕΘΔ ῥυθμοῦ, οἷς καὶ τὸ ὑπόρχημα ἀναφέρεται" φιλεῖ δὲ τὰ ὑπορχήματα τούτῳ τῷ ποδὶ καταμετρεῖσθαι, οἷον"

Οὐχ ἕδρας ἔργον οὐδ᾽ ἀμβολᾶς, ἀλλὰ χρυσαίγιδος Ἰτωνίας χρὴ Tap εὐδαίδαλον ναὸν ἐλ- θόντας ἁβρόν τι δεῖξαι.

26ῚΚ.

Lact. ad Stat. Zheb. 7. 330 [Itonaeos et Alalcomenaea Minervae | agmina]: in qua Itonus regnavit, Herculis filius ; haec civitas Boeotiae est. hinc Bacchylides Minervam Itoniam dixit et

᾿Αλαλκομένην 1

significavit. hic Bacchylides Graecus poeta est quem imitatus est Horatius in illa oda in qua Proteus Troiae futurum narrat excidium.

27-28 [εἰς Δῆλον]

Heph. 43 [π. παιωνικοῦ δεδηλώσθω δὲ ὅτι καὶ ὅλα ἄσματα κρητικὰ συντίθεται, ὥσπερ καὶ παρὰ Βακχυλίδῃ"

A Uy wv Ἶ περικλειτὲ Aad’, ἀγνοήσειν μὲν ov σ᾽ ἔλπομαι

28

Sch. Call. DeZ. 28 [ei δὲ λίην πολέες σε περιτροχόωσιν ἀοιδαί]" αἱ Πινδάρου καὶ Βακχυλίδου.

1 Mitscherlich: mss Alchomenen, -em

124

BACCHYLIDES

invented by the Cretans, to whom is also attributed the hyporcheme or dance-song, in which this foot is commonly employed ; compare

This is no time for sitting or delay; go we rather to the fair-wrought temple of Itonia! of the golden aegis, and there show forth some delicate thing.

26 A Lactantius on Statius Thebaid [‘ The Itonaeans and the ranks of Minerva the Protectress’]: Where reigned Itonus son of Hercules; it is a city of Boeotia. Hence Bacchylides calls Minerva Itonia and

the Protectress.

This Bacchylides is the Greek poet imitated by Horace in the Ode (i. 15) in which Proteus foretells the destruction of Troy.

27-28

[To Dexos]

Hephaestion Handbook af Metre {the Paeonic]: It should be made clear that whole poems, too, are composed in cretics, as for instance in Bacchylides:

O far-famed Delos, I hope thou wilt not fail to know again

28 5

Schohiast on Callimachus Hymn to Delos {‘and if very many songs run about thee’]: That is, songs of Pindar and Bacchylides.

1 Itonian Athena at whose temple at Coronea the Pan- Boeotian Festival was held, cf. Alc. 6 2 or a Processional ?

125

LYRA GRAECA

VAs ἘΠΙΝΊΚΩΝ 29-4) British Museum Papyrus 738..}

29 (i) A-E ["Apyety Kety παιδὲ πυκτῇ (?) Ἴσθμια]

(The first 1102 lines of this ode are mutilated or missing from Brit. Mus. Pap. 733, but we may compare for their contents :— (a) Pind. Paeans 4. 42 [π. AetiOéas]: τέρας δ᾽ Edy | εἶπέν σφι (ΕὐξάντιοΞ)" ‘Tpéw τοι πόλεμον | Διὸς ᾿Εννοσίδαν te βαρύκτνπον. | χθόνα τοί ποτε καὶ στρατὸν ἄθροον | πέμψαν κεραυνῷ τριόδοντί te | ἐς τὸν βαθὺν Τάρταρον, ἐμὰν | ματέρα λιπόντες καὶ ὅλον οἶκον εὐερκέα.᾽ ---(δ) Callim. Αἴτια 3. 1 (Ox. Pap. 1011) 64 [π. Κέω7Ὑ ἐν δ᾽ ὕβριν θάνατόν τε κεραύνιον, ἐν δὲ γόητας | TeAxivas μακάρων τ᾽ οὐκ ἀλέγοντα θεῶν | ἠλεὰ Δημώνακτα γέρων ἐνεθήκατο δέλτοις, | καὶ γρῆυν Μακελὼ μητέρα Δεξιθέης, ἂς μούνας ὅτε νῆσον ἀνέτρεπον εἵνεκ᾽ ἀλιτρῆς | ὕβριος ἀσκηθεῖς ἔλλιπον ἀθάνατοι. —c) Sch. Ov. Jb. 475: Macelo? filia Damonis dicitur cum sororibus fuisse ; harum hospitio usus Iupiter, cum Telchinas quorum hic princeps erat corrumpentes invidia successus omnium fructuum fulmine interficeret, servavit. ad quas cum venisset Minos cum Dexione concubuit; ex qua creavit Euxantium unde Euxantidae fuerunt.—(d) Nonn. Dion. 18. 35 Ζῆνα καὶ ᾿Απόλλωνα μιῇ ξείνισσε MaxedArdw . . .4—(e) Tz. Theog. 81 Matr. An. 580 ἐκ δὲ τοῦ καταρρέοντος αἵματος τῶν μορίων ἐν μὲν τῇ γῇ γεγόνασι τρεῖς Ἐρινύες πρῶτον, [ ἡ Τεισιφόνη, Μέγαιρα, καὶ ᾿Αληκτὼ σὺν ταύταις" 5 | καὶ σὺν αὐταῖς οἱ τέσσαρες ὀνομαστοὶ Τελχῖνες, [᾿Ακταῖος, Μεγαλήσιος, "Ορμενός τε καὶ Λύκος, | obs Βακχυλίδης μέν φησι Νεμέσεως Ταρτάρου, | ἄλλοι τινὲς δὲ λέγουσι τῆς Γῆς τε καὶ τοῦ Πόντου.)

1 see p.92notel 2. according to Blass, 5866 below 353. ms ,ὔ ᾿ / Macedo £ mss Μακέλλων and a lacuna 5 ms τούτοις

1 see Ὁ. 93 note 1 2 the victory is recorded in a 4th cent. list of victors found at Ceos, now at Athens 3 Calli- machus’ authority, Xenomedes, a mythologist of c. 450 B.c. 4 according to other scholia, all except Macelo, who was struck by lightning with her husband at her wedding because he invited all the Gods but Jupiter. This episode may not have formed part of the version used by B., ef. Pindar

126

BACCHYLIDES

Book VII VICTORY-SONGS

29-41 from a Papyrus of the last Century B.c.:} 29 (i) A-E

For ArGeius cr Cros, Vicror IN THE Boys’ Boxinc-Matcu at THE Isrumus 2

The first part of this Ode seems to have contained an invocation to the Muses and an address to Corinthas the seat of the Isthmian Festival, and passed on to the story of Minos and Dexithea, a story which is preserved as follows :—(a) Pindar Paeans [on Dexithea]: Euxantius told them the marvel that once befel him ;:—‘ Surely I fear war with Zeus and the loud-thundering Earth-Shaker. Surely their levin-bolt and trident sent a land and its people every man into deep Tartarus, all but my mother and her well-walled house ’—(b) Callimachus Origins : And therewithal insolence and a lightning-death, and likewise the wizards the Telchins and Deménax who so foolishly flouted the blessed Gods—these the old man 8 did put in his writing-tablets, and aged Macelo mother of Dexithea, them twain that alone the Immortals left unharmed when they overturned an island for its sinful insolence. (c) Scholiast on the Ibis: It is said that Macelo and her sisters were daughters of Damon, and that Jupiter having enjoyed their hospitality saved them‘ when he struck the Telchins, of whom Damon was chief, by hghtning for maliciously blight- ing all the fruits of the earth. To these daughters came Minos, and was united with Dexione, and begat Euxantius father of the Euxantidae. Compare also(d) Nonnus Dionysiaca : Macello entertained Zeus and Apollo at one [board]; and (e) Tzetzes Theogony: From the blood which dripped from the mutilated Uranus and entered the earth sprang first the three Furies Tisiphone, Megaera, and Alecto, and with them the four famous Telchins, Actaeus, Megalesius, Ormenus, and Lycus, whom Bacchylides calls Sons of τὸ ti and Tartarus but some authorities of Earth and

ea.

127

LYRA GRAECA 29 (i) oTp.a (copie Lin ll. 3-8)

IIvepides .. . γαίας ee .. . εὐβούλου οἰ μὰ Napélos]

ἀντ. a ρα ieee in Ul, 13- 14: ) ὦ ἸΙέλοπος λιπαρᾶς νάσου θεόδματοι πύλαι

eT. a (perhaps in l. 19) [ὑφ᾽ ἅρμασιν ἵππους

ἀνα. B' (perhaps in ll. 38-39)

[χή]τει cuvev|yov

Fu aa (periaps in ll. 48-58) πον ργοὶ κόρ [αι]. . μελίφρονος UT [vou] . [ἀρ χᾳίαν ΠῚ παρθένον ἀνδήροις ἁλός Ἀπ ἀελίου oat haps in Ul. 73-81 bur. 8 (perhaps in ll. 73-81)

[Ma]xkeam δέ... λων... ΞΕ evvan.. . προσφώνει τέ νιν} * σαίμουσ᾽ om... μὲν ΣΝ -Ἕ ἀμφάκει Ova... πενίᾳ .. , Ἰφϑθηγεμε wapmaly]...

(27 lines lost)

1 according to Blass’ conjectural arrangement * from Sch. Pind, Ol. 13.1 πρόθυρον καὶ θύρας εἰώθασι καλεῖν τὴν Κόρινθον,

128

BACCHYLIDES 29 (i)

(lines 1-8 perhaps contained 1 Pierians ... . Isthmian land . . son-in-law of shrewd Nereus . .”)

(di. 138-14 were perhaps O God-built gates of Pelops’ shining isle *)

(2. 19 perhaps contained [harnessed] horses to a chariot)

(il. 388-9 perhaps for lack of husbands)

(Ul. 48-58 perhaps

girls at the loom . . . . sweet-hearted sleep.... ancient city .... margin of the sea . . rays of the

Sun)

(tl. 73-81 perhaps and sMacelo . . lover of the distaff . . to the flowing [river?] . . and addressed [him?] . . in be- guiling accents . . I lack . . with atwo-edged grief - poverty τσ ἤεε ye (Ὁ) altogether». .)

(27 lines lost)

1 Blass placed conjecturally what he considered the frag- ments of the first four columns (110 Il.) of this ode; they are too mutilated and their position too much in doubt for them to be printed here in full 2 Poseidon, husband of Amphitrite 8 Corinth

διὰ τὸ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἢ τέλος εἶναι Πελοποννήσου τὸν ᾿Ισθμόν, πρόθυρον

δὲ τοῖς εἰς Πελοπόννησον στελλομένοις. Βακχυλίδης: Ὦ Πέλοπος κτλ. 3 οἵ, Apoll. Pron. Gram. ΟὟ. 1. 1. 84

129 Ol, ΠῚ. K

LYRA GRAECA eae lapel?

ΠΥ τριτάτᾳ μετ[ὰ κείναν] * [ἀμ]έρᾳ Mivas ἀρήϊος ἤχυθεν αἰολοπρύμνοις 115 ναυσὶ πεντήκοντα σὺν Κρητῶν ὁμίλῳ"

στρ. ς΄ Διὸς Εὐκλείου δὲ ἕκα- τι βαθύξωνον κόραν Δεξιθέαν δάμασεν" καί οἱ λίπεν ἥμισυν λαῶν 120 ἄνδρας ἀρηϊφίλους, τοῖσιν πολυκρημνον χθόνα νείμας, ἀποπλέων WHET ἐς Κνωσὸν ἱμερτὰν πόλιν ἀντ. ς΄ βασιλεὺς Evpwriaéas. 135 δεκάτῳ δ᾽ Εὐξάντιον μηνὶ TEX εὐπλόκαμος [νύμφα φερ]εκυδέ[ϊ νάσῳ] 3 [-σἵὐν -- πρύταϊνιν] ἱπ πὺ -- κ]εδν[-- ἡ --

(8 lines lost)

[-ο -- Δάμωνος ἄλ]νξαν 5 θύγατρες

oie To Gd πόλ[ιν ἐς νέα]ν ὃ βαθυδεί- 140 ἐλον" ἐκ το]ῦ ᾿ μὲν γένος ἔπλετο καρτερόχειρ, ᾿Αργεῖοΐς ὀλοῖο] ὃ λέοντος θυμοῖν ἔχων], ὁπότε χρεί[αὐσι!» συμ) βολοῖ" μάχας 145 ποσσίν τ᾿ ἐλαφρός, πα ο T οὐκ ἀπίόκλαρος κ]αλῶν, 19

130

BACCHYLIDES

Two days thereafter! in fifty pooped ships gay- painted came warrior Minos with a meinie of Cretans, and by favour of Zeus the Fame-bringer did wed the buxom damsel Dexithea; and left unto her the half of his people, men apt to arms, dividing unto them that craggy land ;? and so was gone sailing home, that king of Europa’s blood, to lovely Cnosus. And in nine months’ time his fair-tressed bride bare Euxantius 5 to be lord of that glorious isle . . .

(8 lines missing)

. when the daughters [of Damon] had fled [to a new and] sunshine-steepéd home.* Of his® seed came hardy-of-hand Argeius, who showeth® the heart of a destroying lion when he meeteth need of battle, came nimble-of-foot, and not without portion in the many noble gifts that his father Pantheides

1 after the visit of Zeus and Apollo to the daughters of Damon? ? Ceos 8 described by the scholiast on Apol- lonius of Rhodes i. 86 as the father of Miletus 4 Coressus ? 5 EKuxantius’? if Argeius hailed from Coressus (Kopnooés) near Iulis, and the story of the Maidens (κόραι) was a local etymo- logising myth, we have the explanation of the appearance of the daughters of Damon in this ode (Festa) ‘the Gk. is ‘hath,’ confusing the permanent attribute with the occasional

1 I omit brackets where the supplements are reasonably certain : before a 4 letter-bottoms as of itp: ξ 9 ΠῚ. 4 ὀρθόδικον (Wolff) or μοιρίδιον (J) would fit; ἐσσόμενον too long 5 FE, not jut 6. 7 or ἐκ τᾶς 8 Barnett, other suggestions too long ® # (σι lost by haplogr.) ; Jebb’s χρεῖός τι συμβολοῖ and Blass’s xpeids € κερβολοῖ both too long 10 Housman

171 K 2

LYRA GRAECA

ἀντ. ξ΄ τόσα ἸΠαν[θέϊδᾳ κλυτό]το- ἢ ᾽ “ fos ᾿Απόλλων ὦπασεν > [4 3.ϑ»,0Οὄ8 / appl T ἰατορίᾳ - 150 ξείνων τε φιλάνορι τιμᾷ: iy AN Ἁ ve tf $ εὖ δὲ λαχὼν Χαρίτων πολλοῖς τε θαυμασθεὶς βροτῶν αἰῶν᾽ ἔλυσεν πέντε παῖ- δας μεγαινήτους λιπών' 3 ‘ al [4 e ’ ἐπ. ζ τῶν ἕνα οἱ Κρονίδας [4 ’ 93 ’ 156 υψίζυγος ᾿Ισθμιόνικον θῆκεν ἀντ᾽ εὐεργεσιᾶν, λιπαρῶν τ᾽ ἄλ- λων στεφάνων ἐπίμοιρον. φαμὶ καὶ φάσω μέγιστον A ” bd 4 “a 160 κῦδος ἔχειν ἀρετάν' πλοῦ- δὲ καὶ δειλοῖσιν ἀνθρώ ἡμιλεῖ,3 τος O€ καὶ ὁὀειλοῖσιν av ρώπων ομιλεῖ,

t aTp.n ἐθέλει δ᾽ αὔξειν φρένας ἀν- ὃ 7 f δ᾽ © > ὃ \ POs, 0 ὃ εὖ ἔρδων θεοὺς b) if “ ἐλπίδι κυδροτέρᾳ - 165 σαίνει κέαρ' εἰ δ᾽ ὑγιείας \ θνατὸς ἐὼν ἔλαχεν, , 3 ζώειν τ᾽ ἀπ᾽ οἰκείων ἔχει, πρώτοις ἐρίξει" παντί τοι , 3 ve ’ τέρψις ἀνθρώπων βίῳ t ’ ἀντι ἡ ἕπεται νόσφιν γε νόσων 3 171 πενίας τ᾿ ἀμαχάνου. δι 3 \ ς

ἶσον 67 ἀφνεὸς ἰ-

δ / μείρει μεγάλων 6 τε μείων παυροτέρων': τὸ δὲ πάν-

175 των εὐμαρεῖν οὐδὲν γλυκὺ ἊΝ 3 3 + SX \ ‘A νατοίσιν, ἀλλ᾽ αἰεὶ τὰ φεύ- 4 a yovta δίξηνται κιχεῖν.

132

BACCHYLIDES

had of the Lord of Archery, were it in the art of healing, were it in the kindly service of strangers ; aye and much had Pantheides won of the Graces, and a marvel was he become to many men, ere he passed away and left the five sons of great repute, of whom to one because of his father’s well-doing the high- throned son of Cronus hath given many bright wreaths,! and now hath made him victor at the Isthmus.

I say and ever shall, that the greatest honour belongeth to virtue and valour ;? though wealth may be found walking with cowards and is fain enough to exalt a man’s spirit, a nobler hope doth cheer the heart of one that is good to the Gods; and if, for all his mortality, he hath dower of health and can live on what is his own, then vies he with the first. Disease and helpless poverty apart, every human life is attended of delight. The poor desireth small things as much as the rich desireth great; to have a plenty of everything is no pleasure to mortal men, rather seek they to catch that which flies them.

1 the Inscription mentions a victory of Argeius as ἀγένειος or ‘beardless youth’ at Nemea; but that would be later than this, in which he is still competing among the παῖδες or boys 2 the Gk. has the single word aperd, which varies in meaning between virtue and valonr or prowess

1 Kenyon 2 οἵ, Plut. dud. Poet. 14 (φάσωμεν πιστὸν κῦδος KTA., omitting φαμὶ καί) 3 P νρύ[σω]ν

P35

LYRA GRAECA

’ὔ ἐπ. ᾧτινιΐῖ κουφόταται

θυμὸν δονέουσι μέριμναι,

180 ὅσσον ἂν fan χρόνον ay λέλαχεν τι-

μάν" ἀρετὰ δ᾽ ἐπίμοχθος

μέν, τελευταθεῖσα δ᾽ ὀρθῶς

[ἀνδρί κἸαὶ 5 εὖτε goa λει-

[πει πολυ ͵ξήλωτον ὁ εὐκλείας ἄγαλμα.

80 (Ὁ)

τῷ αὐτῷ

στρ. Α[ΐξον, ὦ] ὃ σεμνοδότειρα Φήμα,

ἐς Ἱζέον ἱ ἱερὰν χαριτώ-

νυμον. φέρουσ᾽ ἀγγελίαν,

ὅτι μάχας θρασύχειρος δ᾽ Αρ- ὅ γεῖος ἄρατο νίκαν'

ἀντ. καλῶν δ᾽ ἀνέμνασεν ὅσ᾽ ἐν κλεέννῳ

αὐχένι Ἰσθμοῦ ζαθέαν λιπόντες Εὐξαντίδα νᾶ- σον ἐπεδείξαμεν ἑβδομή-

10 κοντα σὺν στεφάνοισιν'

ἐπ. καλεῖ δὲ Μοῦσ᾽ αὐθιγενὴς γλυκεῖαν αὐλῶν καναχάν,

, > 3 ἠέ

γεραίρουσ᾽ ἐπινικίοις Πανθεΐδα φίλον υἱόν.

12: P ὅντινα (but a Greek could not avoid taking this with θυμόν) 2 Maas: P xp. τονδ᾽ ἐλαχεῖ τιμάν: but un- metrically, and τόνδε should be τοῦτον ὥς... aa

δ ke

134

ἄϊξεν a (Blass) would fit, but we need a vocative,

BACCHYLIDES

He whose heart is stirred by most vain solicitudes, he getteth his honour only for his lifetime ; as for virtue, it may give a man toil, but well completed it leaveth him, even though he die, a right enviable monument of fame.}

30 (ii) For THe SamMr2

Up, thou giver of things revered, make haste, O Rumour, to holy Ceos with a message of gracious words, and say that Argeius hath gotten him victory in the battle of sturdy hands, and brought to mind all the feats which we of the sacred isle of Euxantius have displayed with wreaths threescore and ten at the famous neck of Isthmus, and that the native Muse is calling up the sweet babble of the flutes and honouring the dear son of Pantheides with strains of victory.

1 though this Papyrus must have had ἀνδρί, Bacch. perh. wrote ὀρθοῖ ἄνδρα, ‘well completed it setteth him up, and when he dies he leaves a right enviable,’ etc. 2 perh. an announcement of the victory celebrated in the previous ode, written at Corinth by Bacch. and sent as a letter to Ceos 3 i.e. Bacch. is preparing Ode 29?

for the only 3 extant Epinicia of Bacchylides which have no vocative are incomplete ; cf. 37. 1 6 θρασνχειρ se

LYRA GRAECA

31 (iii) “Ἱέρωνι Svpaxocio ἵπποις ᾿᾽Ολύμπια

’ 3 4 is / atp.a’ ᾿Αριστοκάρπου Σικελίας κρέουσαν Δάματρα ἰοστέφανόν τε κούραν

ὕμνει, γλυκύδωρε Krelot, θοάς 7 Ὃ- λυ μπιοορομοις Ἱέρωνος ἵππους. ἂντ. a [εν ]το γὰρ σὺν ὑπερόχῳ τε Νίκᾳ 6 [σὺν ᾿Αγ[λαΐᾳ τε Tap εὐρυδίναν ΓΑλφέον, τόθι ΔΊἸεινομένεος ἔθηκαν ὄλβιον τέκος 5 στεφάνω]ν κυρῆσαι, 5 f 6 is δὲ \ > 4 3 3 ém.a’ θρόησε δὲ Al aos ἀπείρων" ct A τ ὃ / of > 7 4 A τρισευδαίμζων avnp, | A Ν ‘\ \ ὃς Tapa Ζηνὸς λαχὼν πλείσταρχον “Ελλάνων γέρας οἷδε πυργωθέντα πλοῦτον μὴ μελαμ- φαρέϊ κρύπτειν σκότῳ."

στρ. β΄ βρύει μὲν ἱερὰ βουθύτοις ¢ ἑορταῖς, 16 βρύουσι φιλοξενίαις " ἀγυιαί" λάμπει δ᾽ ὑπὸ μαρμαρυγαῖς ὁ χρυσὸς ὑψιδαιδάλτων τριπόδων σταθέντων ἀντ. β΄ πάροιθε ναοῦ, τόθι μέγιστον ἄλσος 20 Φοίβου παρὰ Κασταλίας ῥεέθροις Δέλφοι διέπουσι. θεὸν θεὸν τις ἀγλαϊξέτω, ὁ O γὰρ ἄριστος ὄλβων5 ἐπ. β' ἐπεί ποτε καὶ δαμασίππου Δνδίας ἀρχαγέταν,

1 EF, cf. 33. 48, ποῦ σεύοντο nor φέροντο, which are too

136

BACCHYLIDES

951 (11) For Hierro or SyRACUSE

VicroR IN THE Four-Horse Cuariot-RacE AT Ouympia ?

Of Demeter that ruleth noblest-fruited Sicily, and of her daughter the Maid of the violet wreath,’ sing now thou, joy-bestowing Clio, and with them praise the swift steeds that ran for Hiero at Olympia. For with Victory the pre-eminent and Glory sped they beside the broad swirls of Alpheus, where they have made the happy child? of Deinomenes to win a wreath, and a multitude past number hath cried ‘Ho for a thrice-blesséd man who possesseth of Zeus the widest-ruling office of all Greece and knoweth how to keep towered wealth unhidden of the black mantle of darkness !’

Rife are the shrines with festal offering of oxen, and rife also the streets? with hospitalities ; and bright shines the flashing gold where high and rich wrought tripods have been set before the temple, in Phoebus’ great precinct that is served by the Delphians beside the streams of Castaly.> To the God should we bring our honouring gifts, to the God; for therein lies the best of all good-fortune ; witness the lord of horse-taming Lydia; when Sardis

1 B.c. 468 2 Hiero was hereditary priest of Demeter and Persephone (Hdt. 7. 153) 3 Hiero 4 of Syracuse, where this ode is performed 5 the pedestals have been discovered on the Sacred Way at Delphi, see on Simon. 170

long 2 y.[ovoy] too long 3 Blass 4 Kenyon 5. Richards: P -:as 6 P αγλαϊζεθω yap κτλ.

137

LYRA GRAECA

25 εὖτε τὰν πεπρωμέναν " Ζηνὸς τελε[ιοῦσαι κρίσιν Σάρδιες Περσᾶϊν ἑάλωσαν στρ]ατῷ, Κροῖσον ὁ χρυσάϊορος] atp.y φύλαξ᾽ ᾿Απόλλων. [ὁ δ᾽ ἐς ἄελπτον apap 30 μολὼν πολυ[δάκρνο]ν οὐκ ἔμελλε μίμνειν ἔτι ἰδουλοσύἾναν, πυρὰν δὲ χαλκοτειχέος πίροπάροιἾθεν αὐλᾶς ἀντ. γ' ναήσατ', ἔνθα σὺϊν ἀλόχῳ] τε κεδνᾷ σὺν εὐπλοκάμοις T ἐπέβαιν᾽ dal oi ov] 35 θυγατράσι δυρομέναις" χέρας δ᾽ ἐς αἰπὺν αἰθέρα, σφετέρας ἀείρας ἐπ. γ΄ γέγωνεν: "'Ὑπέρβιε δαῖμον, ποῦ θεῶν ἐστὶν χάρις ; ποῦ δὲ Λατοίδας ἄναξ ; 40 [ἔρρουσ]ιν ᾿Αλνάττα δόμοι, 4.9.3 [οὐδ᾽ adixvet |r| ac μ᾽ ἄποινα] μυρίων [ὧν πρόπεμψ᾽ ἀγαλμάτω)]ν,

στρ. δ΄ [ἀλλ᾽ αἴθεται Λύδου παλαιὸ]ν ἄστυ, | [φοινίσσεται αἵματι χρυσο͵]δίνας 45 Πακτωλός, ἀεικελίως γυναῖκες ἐξ ἐ ἐὐκτίτων μεγάρων ἄγονται" ἀντι δ' τὰ πρόσθε 64 ἐχθρὰ φίλα: θανεῖν γλύκιστον. 4.9 s \ ¢ 4 7 Too εἶπε, καὶ ἁἀβροβάταν κέλευσεν e if, f 4 \ ἅπτειν ξύλινον δόμον. ἔκλαγον δὲ f 4 > 9 \ \ a 50 παρθένοι, φίλας T ἀνὰ ματρὶ χεῖρας ἐπ. δ' ἔβαλλον ὁ γὰρ προφανὴς θνα- τοῖσιν ἔχθιστος φόνων.

ἀλλ᾽ ἐπεὶ δεινοῦ πυρὸς 138

BACCHYLIDES

fulfilled the sentence delivered her by Zeus and was taken by the host of the Persians, Croesus was saved by Apollo of the golden bow. Aye, when he had come to that unlooked-for day, he would not await so woeful a lot as servitude, but had them build a pyre before his brazen-walled court and went up upon it with his trusty wife and his fair-tressed daughters wailing incessantly; and raised his hands towards high heaven and cried ‘ Almighty Spirit, where is the gratitude of the Gods? where is the Lord that Leto bare? Fallen is the palace of Alyattes,? [and I have no requital of the] thousand [gifts I gave; rather is the ancient] city [of Lydus aflame, the gold-eddied Pactolus* [empurpled with blood], the women reft unseemly from the well- built houses. What was hateful once is welcome now; sweetest it is to die.’

So speaking he bade one of his soft-stepping men kindle the wooden pile. Whereat the maidens shrieked and threw up their hands to their mother ; for death foreseen is the hatefullest death to man. Nevertheless when the shining strength of that

1 Zeus? 2 father of Croesus, reigned c. 617-560 B.c. 3 προπέμπειν to give gifts, orig. processionally, cf. Aesch. Pers. 622, Theophr. Char. 30. 19 4 this river was said to carry gold-dust

11], 25-34 restored by Kenyon (25, 32, 34), Kenyon-Weil (36), Palmer (27), Jebb (29-31), Blass-Kenyon (33) 2 Frick; πίτνουσιν too long 3 ll. 41-43 Z£, 44 Kenyon—Blass (Jebb’s suggestions do not fit till 44 4 P πρόσθεν

139

LYRA GRAECA

λαμπρὸν διάϊξεν 1 μέ]νος, 55 Ζεὺς ἐπιστάσας [μελαγκευ]θὲς νέφος 3 σβέννυεν ξανθὰΪν φλόγα. στρ. ε' ἄπιστον οὐδὲν ὅτι θ] εοῦ 8 μέριμνα τεύχει: τότε Δαλογενὴς ᾿Απόλλων φέρων ἐς “Ὑπερβορέους γέροντα 60 σὺν τανισφύροις κατένασσε κούραις ἀντ, εὖ Ov εὐσέβειαν, ὅτε μέγιστα θνατῶν ἐς ἀγαθέαν ἀνέπεμψε 1]νθώ. ὅσοι γε μὲν “Εἰλλάδ᾽ ἔχουσιν οὔ τις, ὦ μεγαίνητε ‘lépwv,* θελήσει ἐπ. ε΄ φάμεν σέο πλείονα χρυσὸν 66 Λοξίᾳ πέμψαι βροτῶν. [ed λέγ]ειν ὅ πάρεστιν, ὅσ- [τις μ]) φθόνῳ πιαίνεται, [θεοφι]λῆ φίλιππον ἄνδρ᾽ ἀρήϊον 70 [τεθμ]ίου σκᾶπτρον Διὸς στρ. ς΄ [ἰοπλόϊκων τε μέρος ἔχοντ]α Δίουσἄν' [ὃς δειμαλέᾳ ποτἶὲ χειρὶ onjav ὃ [ynplasos ἐφάμερον altt<is> ὀλβο]ν [ἀσυχ]ᾷ σκοπεῖς,8 βραχ[ὑν εὗντα εἰδώς"]" ἀντι ς΄ [δολ͵]δεσσα δ᾽ ἐλπὶς ὑπ[ὸ φρένεσσιν ἀνδρῶν] τὸ [ἐφαμ]ερίων: 19. ὁ δ᾽ ἀναξ[ἰχρησμος] [ΠκαβοΊλος εἶπε Φέρηϊτος υἱζ}}

1 or διάϊσσεν 51]. 55-7 Kenyon (55), Palmer (56), Kenyon-£ (57) 8 é[eey too long 4 Anon. sugg. μεγισταίνητ᾽ ‘1. 6 1]. 67-71 Blass (67, 70), Palmer (68), Herwerden (69), Kenyon (71) 6 BL-£; 72 ff. Jebb’s

ὡς δ᾽ ἐν], ἐπ᾿ Zvjos, xatpija, ἀϊνδρὸς aloaly, rolré χεῖμα δαίμων are all too long, though his aJfy’ ἴησι]ν, if so read, would fit; too long also are Blass’s γαλα]νός and [ἁδονὰν φ]) [λάνορ]α,

140

BACCHYLIDES

awful fire rushed over them, then sent Zeus a black veil of cloud and quenched the yellow flame. Nothing that comes of the care of a God passeth belief. So then, the Delos-born! did bear away that old king to the land of the Hyperboreans and there give him dwelling, him and his slender- ankled daughters, by reason of his piety, because he of all mankind had sent up the greatest gifts to hallowed Pytho.

Yet of all the dwellers that are in Greece,? O illustrious Hiero, no man can say that any hath given to Loxias? so much gold as thou. If a man only batten not on envy, he will surely praise a favourite of Heaven, a lover of horses, a man of war, that holdeth the sceptre of the Lord of Laws, and eke hath share in the gifts of the violet-tressed Muses,—one who, though his hand was terrible once in war, looketh calmly now that he is old on a happiness that is from day to day, well knowing it to be short. Yet deceitful is hope unto the hearts of us creatures of a day, witness the Far-darting Lord of the Oracle,? who said unto the son? of Pheres, ‘ As

1 the earliest offerings of the Hyperboreans were to the Delian Apollo, according to Hdt. 4. 32 ff. 2 Hiero may not be as rich as Croesus, but 3 Apollo 4 Admetus king of Thessaly, whom he served as neatherd

Schwartz’s ἀσφαλέ]α, and Kenyon’s ὁ βουκόΪλος Tor - for ait<is> cf. ocaa<nis> 37. 15; αὖτις αἰϊῷ- would fit, but the overlapping -v’ would leave too little space in the next line (-v’ ἁδέα too long; Jebb’s alére τέρψι]ν is too long even as alite «τέ!» ρψιῆν 8 Jebb (but aovya); traces of a circumflex over Ja and an erasure after σκοπεῖς but no point ee oF 10 SoA. and ἐπαμ. Jebb, the rest Καὶ = L; in 77 play φίλος (Wil.) is too long even without iota adscr.

Ig!

LYRA GRAECA

“Θνατὸν εὖντα χρὴ διδύμους ἀέξειν ἐπ. ς΄ γνώμας, ὅτι T αὔριον ὄψεαι aA ς [4 , 80 μοῦνον ἀλίου φάος YXOTL πεντήκοντ᾽ ἔτεα ζώαν βαθύπλουτον τελεῖς. ὅσια δρῶν εὔφραινε θυμόν: τοῦτο γὰρ κερδέων ὑπέρτατον.

atp.C φρονέοντι συνετὰ γαρύω" βαθὺς μὲν

86 αἰθὴρ ἀμίαντος" ὕδωρ δὲ πόντου οὐ σάπεται' δυσφόρυτος + δ᾽ ὁ χρυσός" ἀνδρὶ δ᾽ οὐ θέμις πολιὸν παρέντα

ἀντ. ζ΄ γῆρας θάλειαν αὗτις ἐν τ,

90 ἥβαν. ἀρετᾶς γε μὲν οὐ μινύνθη 5 βροτῶν a ἅμα σώματι φέγγος, ἀλλὰ ΔΙοῦσά νιν τρέφει. “Ἰέρων, σὺ δ᾽ ὄλβον

ἐπ. ζ΄ κἀλλιστ᾽ ἐπεδείξαο θνατοῖς ἄνθεα" πράξαντι δ᾽ εὖ

95 οὐ “Φέρει κόσμον σιω- πά' σὺν δ᾽ ἀλαθείᾳ καλῶν καὶ μελιγλώσσου τις ὑμνήσει χάριν; Κηΐας ἀηδόνος.

32 (iv) τῷ αὐτῷ

[;}πποις] ΠΠὐθια atp.a ἜΤΟΣ “Συρακοσίαν φιλεῖ πόλιν ὁ χρυσοκόμας ᾿Απόλλων, ἀστύθεμίν θ᾽ Ἱέρωνα γεραίρει" τρίτον γὰρ παρ᾽ ὀμφαλὸν ὑψιδείρου χθονὸς 1H, cf. φορύνω and φορυτός: P εὐφροσύνα δ ὦ (ΟἹ μηκύνω): Ῥ μινύθει 142

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a mortal thou shouldest nurse two opinions, this, that thou wilt see but one more morrow’s sunlight, and the other that thou wilt have fifty years of a life of ample wealth. Cheer then thy heart by righteous deeds, for therein is the highest of all gains.’

I ery words the wise may understand; the deep sky is not to be defiled, the water of the sea doth not decay, gold cannot be tarnished ; but a man, he may not pass by hoary eld and then recover blooming youth! Yet virtue’s light waneth not with a man’s body, but is cherished by the Muse. Thou, Hiero, hast displayed before men the fairest of flowers ; and one that hath succeeded getteth no honour of silence; so there shall be a true tale of things well done, and along with it men shall praise the grace of the honey-tongued nightingale of Ceos.?

32 (iv) For THE SAME, Victor WITH THE Four-Horse CuarioT aT PytTuHo 3

The golden-haired Apollo still loveth the city of Syracuse, and doeth honour unto Hiero the upholder of public right. For now a third time?‘ is he sung

1 Hiero was sick of a mortal disease, and died in the following year; Bacch. is imitating Pindar Οἱ. 2. 93 and i. 1 (476 B.c.) 2 the poet 3 470 B.c.; the same victory is celebrated by Pindar P. 1 4 he had won the

horse-race at Delphi in 482 and 478 143

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5 [luO:ovixos ἀείδεται b f 3 A 1 \ A ὠκυπόδ[ων apeta|* σὺν ἵππων. 6.0.3 [Ξενοκράτεος θύγατερ, σὸν | [δὲ τιμᾷ θεὸς πατέρ᾽ ἃς ἀλέκτωρ [μάκαρ, ἐπεὶ θέλοντι νόῳ 10 [εὐλύρους ἑκατόν περ] ὕμνους / ἤ b) 2 ; στρβιβ [κελαδέξοντες οὐκ) ἐσόρ- | [potrov ἐ ἔχοντα Δίκ]ας τάλαντον Ἶ Δεινομένεός κ᾽ ἐγεραίρομεν υἱόν. πάρεστιν δ᾽ ἐν * ἀγχιάλοισι Κίρρας μυχοῖς 15 μοῦνον ἐπιχθονίων τάδε μησάμενον στεφάνοις ἐρέπτειν δύο τ᾽ Ὀλυμπιονίκας 3... ἢ 7 , XN a ἀείδειν. τί φέρτερον ἢ θεοῖσιν φίλον ἐόντα παντοδαπῶν 20 λαγχάνειν ἄπο μοῖραν ἐσθλῶν ;

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/ 4 SS / a7Tp.a Evupoipe Supaxooiwy e 7 ἱπποδινήτων στραταγέ,

, \ > γνώσῃ μὲν ἰοστεφάνων a / na A Moody yAuKvowpov ἄγαλμα, τῶν γε νῦν ὅ αἴ τις ἐπιχθονίων,

1 Bl. and others (P Jt) 2 £: J’s supplements do not fit in 8-10 nor account for κε (13), and the poem was doubt- less addressed to somebody (see on 39. 1) 3 Headlain 4H: P παρεστίαν

144

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along with the prowess of swift-footed horses for a victory won beside the centre of a high-cliffed land égat Pytho.

[Ὁ daughter of Xenocrates,! the God doth honour to thy father], whose daughter's spouse is happy because we could not so honour the son? of Deino- menes that he should keep the scales of Justice

level? [even were we to chant] right willingly [unto the skilful string an hundred] hymns of praise.

Yet can we crown him with wreaths as the only man on earth who hath achieved what he hath done in the glens of Cirrha by the sea, aye and we can sing of two victories Olympian.4 What is better than to receive a share in all manner of good things because one is dear unto the Gods?

θη) [For THE SAME, VicToR IN THE HorsSE-RACE AT OLYMPIA 2

Blest leader of armies unto the chariot-whirléd men of Syracuse, thou if any man in this present world wilt judge truly of a joy-bestowing gift that is offered unto the Muses of the violet wreath.

1 Hiero’s third wife, cf. Pind. Zs, 2 Arg., Sch. O. 2. 29 2 Hiero 8 ἔχοντα proleptic, z.e. ‘so that he should have praise in proportion to his deserts’; it is not unnatural to regard ‘him’ rather than ‘us’ as the weigher, for the exploits are his and so is the praise as soon as ‘we’ give it 4 in the horse-race in 476 (celebrated in Ode 33) and in 172 5 B.c. 476; the same victory is celebrated by Pindar Ol. i

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ὑμετέραν ἀρετὰν ὑμνεῖν,ὃ κυανοπλοκάμου θ᾽ ἕκατι Νίκας ᾿ χαλκεοστέρνου τ᾽ Ἄρηος,

Δεινομένευς ἀγέρω-

χοι παῖδες" εὖ ἔρδων δὲ μὴ κώμοι θεός. ξανθότριχα μὲν Φερένικον

A a“ \ "3 \ 4 4 / τὼς νῦν καὶ ἐμοὶ μυρία πάντᾳ κέλευθος

BACCHYLIDES

Give thy unerring brain a gentle respite from its cares, and turn thy mind’s eye this way, to look if it was with aid of the buxom Graces that a guest-friend of thine renowned as a servitor of golden-coifed Urania wove the song of praise he sent to a renowned city from a sacred islet Fain would he pour the voice from his breast in praise of Hiero. Cleaving the deep sky aloft with his swift brown pinions the eagle-messenger of the wide-dominioned Thunderer putteth sure trust in his mighty strength, and the shrill-voiced birds, they cower in fear. No stay to him are the summits of the great earth nor yet the steepy billows of the unwearied brine, but in a void unabating sped by a breeze from the west, plies he his glossy plumage conspicuous to the eye. Even so for me now are there paths ten thousand every way to praise your prowess,” O ye lordly children of Deinomenes,? by grace both of dark-haired Victory and of brazen-breasted War;+ may Heaven never weary of blessing you! Gold-arméd Morn saw that storm-swift courser the tawny Pherenicus

1 te. see if this is a good poem 2 Bacch. imitates Pindar Js. 3. 19 (5.0. 478 2) 8 Hiero, Polyzelus, and Thrasybulus (Gelo was dead) 4 ref. (chiefly) to the defeat

of the Carthaginians at Himera, B.v. 480

1 Richards 2 Palmer: or better ai? P η ay oe ‘epistolary past’: P σπεμίπει cAcevvay ες πολιν Δ Ῥ adds δέ: perh. ἔϑελεν (Z), cf. 38. 73 5 Walker, despite Sch. Hes. Th. 116: P νωμαται 6 P προαισιν 7 P inserts pet § Palmer: P υμνεῖς cf. Pind. Jsy 3. 19 ff.

147

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᾿Αλφέον παρ᾽ evpudivay πῶλον ἀελλοδρόμαν 3 f f > / 40 εἶδε νικάσαντα χρυσόπαχυς Aas,

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BACCHYLIDES

victorious beside the broad eddies of Alpheus and at hallowed Pytho.1 I lay hand to earth and swear that he hath never sped goalward fouled with the dust of fore-running horses; for his speed is the speed of the North-Wind as he flies ‘neath his safe- seated pilot to win for the hospitable Hiero new plaudits and another victory.

Happy the man whom God hath made share in honours and hath given with that enviable lot life- long riches too. For no man on earth is fortunate in all things; witness the tale of that gate-breaker invincible,? that child of sheen-levined Zeus who went down to the house of slender-ankled Perse- phoné, for to fetch up to the light from Hades the jag-toothéd hound? that was son of Echidna the unapproachable. There was he ware of the spirits of hapless