2 +
sajsuatesieapuite Sab beoeaeaen estes aes Be eae ogee seoestate gibiehe ererereartieytselete Se
vet ve . ~ a : rye
at ity
re : + rf ie ‘ ine 1° . ¢}
i
ah rity
*";
rts
>
“+
porrerers Lybre be ‘ hd
=*¢ =
eit tit
+. ¢-+- te Bee & 7 —*- $e ettat *- 4-8
eee
Lé-¢-@-e-¢ * 2
J = re t—i~ &- - + e~
ats ,
RETURN TO
LIBRARY OF MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
WOODS HOLE, MASS.
LOANED BY AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
7 ee ee pe ey Oe tar, Sighs y as , Pe ac -- Ae I cal | ‘ as Me rs ° 7
as.
« ‘ . ws ‘*,3 ,
_ eh Oe oe eae ’ sm a, aS Y — me vce ik
a
> 4. CENTRAL PARK, NEW YORK.
— Ohe Canadian Entomologist
MOT LENA ES. Dame NY Eke.
EDITED BY
Rev © J¢ S; Bethune: MA DG Pee Rs. GC
Professor of Entomology, ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, (GUELPH.
“EDITING COMMITTEE :
Dr. J. Fletcher, Ottawa ; H. H. Lyman, Montreal; J. D. Evans, Trenton ; Prof. Lochhead, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, P.Q.; G, E. Fisher, Burlington ; and J. B. Williams, Toronto.
London, Gntario:
The London Printing and Lithographing Company, Limited
1906.
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO VOL. XXXVIII.
SALE STRSS Be) EER: (ORI 9 Spe Se RA RG eR eer SR RS ee a ae ROCHESTER, MINN. SNE aA ss WW es AUD eRe NIMC As: DSi uitins st aeanin staan -Wasuincton, D.C. RAE ee eae INCAS ANU ery ok eee org Neen glove) cha RI AUE MUM 9) a Uabacaret ns tare Setanta hd) olen East Fatts Cuurcu, Va. PEALE S EAS) ah 09 6 ES BALE G4 9 CRY DEN ea ee te A ee eee Decatur, ILL.
BPO ROUSE hee Derr onion eee he eee ea gla ote Mette Siena Hresinc, MInn.
PEE EUIN Be ES Va Gor Je ste GLY ISCILOE) Cnet ok ob eee tae GUELPH, ONTARIO.
Se By COSCO 2S) Ss On SY 0 ee eee ee ene ae ae TORONTO
BEACHES Beavis Sere oe eek Re ere io Lt MED Soe cess INDIANAPOLIS, IND, BRADLEY, i Gs, 3 ff Bins Wj fel 9 Oa NE a Gt oe center nti SaRRaA 6 i tel i BERKELEY, CALIF. BUENO, J- FR. DE LA ROME Get at, Mee ahaa ee Sek New YOrK.
BUSCK, AU GU Sr I oe OME oS ee ade ee A care WasHINGTON, D. C. REE kes eee AA SING mene eee pe mere: 2 ey PYRE et WA 1 SO ce MRED cy Se chats WASHINGTON, D. C. CHAGNON, GUSTAVE ..._..: UE ke Se, oe Rea a RNs Ss . MONTREAL.
RA EOIAD Ey WV LAURIRORD IN. Dee sae .o,cats. a ete oe... Een ye AUBURN, ALA. COCKER EE PROB. EA Ds Arse. . eee. - he aces oe eee BouLpER, Coro.
COMMS TOG UP ROR yy Ele). boos 12 ere oe hte hee ene 3 LEHWAGAS. N=
CLOTS ee TUG 5 al Pl Retin aie ae ee aT eerie eR Se call ar GR ary dine rt A ALBANY, N. Y. COOULILEETT,. DoW ooh. Ba ase teehee Neves RENEE oe ten es ena be Wasuinoton, D.C. ROSIE NopeAS cece cas le aerate Stern eet dA ee Rn AMR re BE ae TORONTO.
RORERUAR WAGES) Fes Fae | tata yan i> free IER ath an nae tine cates ord ate aes Datuias, TEXAS.
EEO SEO CV TOUS Mi ee ee eae aac te COE Ret endl ITHACA, Nie
PASE See. SW AIRING 5... sot ono binrcacetes PR Ne es ee aT? MONTREAL
LDV TET ESS A VR) Dike ts ic = RR Oe gt Pe Ne OR Er ae a a New BricuTon, N. Y. DOD Shp reaW OLE. 66 vey o Saar coat one os ee MIE ARWILLES ABER DA. DAR SEAR ESONE GAD) = SCA ee a ee DR Ae eee uae WasHINGcton, D. C. BARE OVEN SEI) WVCATES DVI Ne Se tccee ee ed 5208 cet OP Aid oir Aarne San FRANCISCO. EAVEIN SP OUET Ne De tite batty Site er Cpe ey tar5 Ions, ene PP Ss Siekeiay Dep TRENTON, ONT.
PN bot oo 8 ET Caco t See aie a ia nani Sebel 8 nt epee ars ip i <A See PASADENA, CALIF. FERNALD, MRS. M. E.. Mee St On IS ne ee tac At ae a) eS AME RS Tire VEASS: FLETCHER, JAMES, ESA Seo ENE es bese OTTAWA.
BIC ES WACbs V5 LELOMLAS FVD: Gs Bases >. oe t oe fo ee, ERWIS; b.1@:
MeTAES SS OUNCE i Para® tenes Se Nee nth eR tue Gece citer se ele OTTAWA.
ACT eA AIR SSUES On in em pad oon On ayes Joe ge Ne WasHINGTON, D. C. Aer ES ER AVERT Vices) sone Sti nide nts Attys Cee te case ctrianars ok tbaina ten are KINGSTON, JAMAICA. GROSSE GK ORNS wo ae ey ets peta TN os oo ves ae ae New Brunswick, N. J. TAG EG ABD) SUE Lee tons eae aI Ay cre) Seren teh tetas. Te ae ncn gee Copper CuirF, ONT. AAV ee Fon relvisy hOUNG se roe. 5 Stree fone, cttleg jie bce eg eo be ree CARTWRIGHT, MANITOBA LENO ia \l Rel Bey is Dl PS Cees a rea Se alana aN a at AS 2 eR Py .WasuincoTon, D. C. PAR VSS NIV SON SDs Ss Anos oak. chee ons eT vee GUELPH, ONT.
{POET DSA BY Wa BOS ine Beas Sg ie eae Oe To ae eee a GUELPH, ONT.
KING, GEORGE A 2s 2 ke BA Ani hy MPA Ma ol eam Ee et. BE SLAWRENGE, MASS:
PRR Re Ae Rs TOW Cee WV te ta Nc ee, se ene ete Lt occr cit hha eet CERAM: «Cnet _...Honotutu, Hawartan -ISL. ARENA SAU Vita sect PR RR, Se eR re od Ee nena ley” (ae coe al OPH ER SON ACANSAS: OSES ADE I OUR ie VG tpt 3 Oem, |. pee ana aa SPS ee Ste. ANNE DE BELLEVUE, P. Q. CHD EO WEA NIS Sh. Gea SG selec ah te ls dat ee eee katie WasHINGTON, D. C. Bee ZC ANI By ee at nara elt ede te Rite ES Tae RES ole ee CoLtp SprinG Harsour, N. Y. BP WINDAI AC ET ENR Vickie, Wie Aes oak SRS Ao a eet CA MONTREAL. IVINS Ce ICT IRAN TE RO) Ret A De 5 tht ESS SB or a at a OA or Irnaca, N. Y.
VEE BAND BR TAs Ty) ure ee earn er Re neg 1 Man ae C ana sah 2 iP PuLLMAN, WASH.
1's KO 2 2 A CR, oy ETA, Ra at gc nrg YA Wal ae a= Fees ae or ae WasuinGton, D. C
| Brig MaRS We Lied Bs TSAR 1] Ey NC oe re de es LD ARN 2, eer eee A BRooKktyn, N. Y. OU ie al LA] Shea 2 (Ny fe CS ae es see eee NA nee ey Oi en es See AMES, IowA
RISE Vere ES PIVEN ee ne Soe Ue rR Gt -Sile Si ee Poe iaia wetetie ela tek fe LrwacAay N.Y.
HOV LES CELE, SON NowGr ies AS ate ce cet ee i we cs ales TRING, ENGLAND.
Sh DR AGELATIOIE 5. seahorse oe ene © Shere BROOKLYN, N. Y.
SH PRNGAN I PROR ERAN Kc PADNe icici ee oo oe nua) eee si GUELPH, ONT. SMR EROS ORUNG Ba: omes ur cot adie tenat caeaiote « Penteates New Brunswick, N. J. SEAL Gy TEN LAL OD & ISR a cn Re eee i, a Pee LINCOLN, NEBRASKA. PIMA ene IESE Wiech TUN tes tc ai, theese OB ante sl te Ue ey Ne WELLINGTON, B. C.
WE SR BLU O23 Gl Dal Da ed ERO nets) Sia Mae a ge ai ee Le A ES BuFFato, N. Y.
PUGS tes ese Yee te Se ey Ae A Re UA Aes rhe aia a Nw ELAVENS CONN; YG 7) Beal DTS (Rec (ORR) Tale ira Sana acti et ee TORONTO.
\T BY Oy ELST CAE Se a eC ee ee ae a ee Boston, Mass.
BUN CSReET AN IVE OED ere ane ARR hue Ths trol Gabi bana Oe Iowa City, Iowa. Wie S LON: -PRORSS. Wiese tt PROS crea A oh. ch nN. CHICAGO
CTE STEUTIN Ba aki ile ae UDR RNS Ot 5 NE AORN Ral ea RRR Raricn, N: C.
The € anatiay ¥ntomalogist
VoL. XXXVITI. LONDON, JANUARY, 1906. NO. =I
A NORTH AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGISTS’ UNION.* BY HENRY H. LYMAN, M. A.,. MONTREAL.
_ When seven years ago I had the honour of occupying the Presiden- tial chair of this Society, I ventured in my annual address, as some of you will doubtless remember, to suggest the formation of a North American Entomologists’ Union on, similar lines to those on which the American Ornithologists’ Union has been so. successfully carried on ; and in my second address the following year I again returned to the subject. I hoped that the idea would be taken up by some of the leading entomoio_ gists of the continent, but though the matter has been, I believe, the subject of correspondence among a number of entomologists, nothing of a tangible nature has, apparently, resulted.
Last year when in New York I was told that a move had been made, and that I would soon receive a circular about it, but on'a subsequent visit this year I was told that owing to certain local jealousies the matter had been, at least temporarily, abandoned.
It therefore appears to me opportune, as the original proposer of the scheme, to again bring it before our Society, and through it before the entomologists of the continent.
One thing which caused my thoughts to be again turned to this Subject was the reading of the very admirable article on Entomological Literature by. Mr. C. F. Baker, in the October number of “ Entomological News.” If all our writers would use the same restrained and courteous manner there would be no excuse for bickering and- ill feeling among entomologists. I entirely agree with Mr. Baker that having so many publications devoted to general entomology, so that’ any student in any branch has to refer to all of them, is a great evil and a hindrance to the progress of original research in special lines ; but while it is easy to see the evil, I fail to.see how it can be remedied except by the co-operation of entomologists in a Union such as I have suggested.
- *Read at the Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of Ontario, Guelph, Oct. 19, 1905.
2 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
I therefore desire to put before you very briefly some ideas which have occurred to me on this subject, inthe hope that they may prove of interest. .
In the first place full membership must be limited, as in the case of the Royal Society of Canada, in order to make it a mark of distinction, and so a coveted reward for eminence. But how is the selection to be made without probable injustice to some and the certain wounding of the susceptibilities of many ?
Do not attempt it. Begin with Associate Members only, which all North American entomologists should be invited to become, and when you have secured a goodly number, say not less than one hundred, have a ballot by mail for a certain number of full members, no one to be chosen as.such unless he receives at least a majority of all the votes cast.
Fix a limit to the full membership, but do not try to fill the limit at once ; let us feel our way and grow gradually, but once the limit has been reached do not elect any more full members, except to fill vacancies which may occur,
It would be well to set a moderate limit at first, as it would always be possible to vote to enlarge the limit should it be found too restricted, but it would be a very difficult matter to reduce the membership should it be found to have been mide too large in the first instance.
On the other hand, it should not be made too small, lest the cry of ‘clique ” be raised against it.
The happy mean should be aimed at in order that no one who had not attained to some eminence should be a full member, so that member- ship would be considered an honour.
I would also suggest having a limited number of honorary member- ships to be voted to men of eminence in the science, but who through age or infirmity were no longer able to continue active scientific work.
No guestion of amateur or professional should enter into the matter. An amateur who attains to eminence in the science is, I claim, more
entitled to honour than a man to whom it is a profession by which he earns his living.
When a sufficient number of members have been elected, they should come together in an Annual Meeting and organize the Union, electing the first officers, and at this point great care should be taken to secure officers who would be universally acceptable.
The initial stage of every undertaking is often the most critical, and in this case it is most important that there should be no appearance of the Union being especially identified with any one locality, but that all sections of the continent should be fairly represented.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 3
More than that, however, is needed in order to render the scheme a success, and one of the things of most vital importance is a comparatively fuli attendance of members at the annual meetings or conventions, Failure to attend three consecutive annual meetings should be considered to constitute resignation of membership, and the seat of such member should be declared vacant and filled by election from among the Associate Members.
I have not yet touched upon the financial side of the question, although that is very important. Unfortunately, some entomologists of eminence are not very liberally paid, and have little or no private means, and yet unless the majority of members attended the annual meetings the Union would prove a failure. Most of the entomologists who would be members are, I suppose, in official positions, and we might reasonably expect that at least a portion of their expenses in attending the meetings would be borne by the institutions with which they are connected.
Whether it would be possible to secure some sort of endowment from one of the multi-millionaires of the continent I do not know, but it might be worth attempting.
I have not in this paper made any reference to the matters with which such a Union would deal. Some of these I suggested in my two presi- dential addresses, and many others will readily occur to any one giving the subject the slightest thought.
The great thing is to secure co-operation among the principal workers in the science, and to eliminate all things which tend to dissension and discord. If I cculd be of any assistance in the organization of such a Union, I should be happy to do all I could.
DR. WILLIAM SAUNDERS, C. M. G.
His many friends in Canada and elsewhere will join with us in offering very hearty congratulations to Dr. WILLIAM SAUNDERS upon the distinguished honour that he has received from our gracious Sovereign K1nG EpwarbD, in being made a Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George. This honour is conferred only upon those who have rendered eminent service to the Empire in some capacity or other. Few men assuredly have done more for Canada than the Director of the Experimental Farms of the Dominion in advancing and improving agriculture and fruit-growing in all their departments throughout the length and breadth of the land, and especially in the Northwest Provinces. We trust that Dr. Saunders will be preserved in health and strength for the performance of his varied and arduous labours for many a year to come.
4 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
SOME NEW SPECIES OF HALICTUS. BY J. C., CRAWFORD, DALLAS, . TEXAS. y
In the following descriptions the term sericeous or sericeously roughened is applied to the silky lustre induced by the minute striation or roughening of the surface. |
Flalictus Fedorensis, n. sp., 9%.—Black, head and thorax closely, finely punctate, clothed with rather abundant whitish pubescence ; facial _ quadrangle longer than broad; clypeus shiny, sparsely punctured; antenne obscurely ferruginous beneath toward apex; mesothorax | sericeously roughened, median and parapsidal grooves obscure ; base, of, metathorax sericeously roughened, finely striate, the striz not, reaching apex medially ; wings hyaline, nervures and stigma light testaceous ;. legs obscurely ferruginous, hind inner spur with four very oblique teeth; . abdomen sparsely pubescent, base of segments two and three with lateral hair patches ; segments closely, finely punctate ; broad apical. margins testaceous.
Length, 7. mm. | 3 .
Two specimens from Fedor, Texas, June 1, 1898; Nov. 11, 1897. Rev. G. Birkmann collector.
In appearance most like arcuatus, aberrans, galpinsie, but differs from all of them by the closely-punctate first abdominal segment. ,
FHlalictus Robertsoni, n. sp., 9.—Black, clothed with white pubes- cence, and appearing powdery ; form narrow; head and thorax very. closely, finely punctured, clypeus sparsely so; facial quadrangle longer than broad ; flagellum obscurely ferruginous beneath ;:mesothorax serice- ously roughened ; disc of scutellum almost impunctate ; truncation of metathorax heart-shaped, surrounded by a salient rim; from the upper lateral edges of this carina salient carinas run forward, making a triangular enclosure on the base of the metathorax ; enclosure very shiny, rather coarsely irregularly rugose ; all of metathorax except enclosure covered with close pubescence ; tegulze large, dark, with a light centre ; wings smoky, nervures and stigma dark brown; legs black, hind inner spur with about six teeth, the basal three long ; abdomen shiny, with short, rather thin whitish pubescence ; segments, except apical margins, closely, finely punctured ; bases of segments two to four with bands of white appressed.
pubescence, showing only as Jateral hair patches if the abdomen is contracted. Length, about 7 mm. Type, Victoria, Texas, Febr. 24, 1904. Crawford collector. January, 1906.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 5
Most closely related to ze/umbonis in the appearance ef the metathorax, but is easily separated from that species by the much finer punctuation of the mesothorax.
Dedicated to Mr. Charles Robertson, whose excellent descriptions and notes on Illinois bees are of great value.
Halictus Birkmanui,n. sp., 9 .—Black, shiny, clothed with short, glittering, white pubescence ; facial quadrangle about square ; face above antenne with close but well-separated fine punctures; clypeus and mandibles ferruginous;. antenne beneath, including scape, testaceo- ferruginous, above dusky ferruginous ; mesothorax sericeously roughened, finely, sparsely punctured ; metathorax finely irregularly rugulose, not reaching apex, behind this roughened, as are the pleura; tegule, tubercles and legs testaceous ; hind inner spur with five long teeth; wings dusky, nervures and stigma dark brown ; abdomen shiny, apical margins of segments narrowly testaceous ; segment one impunctate, bases of others closely finely. punctured, becoming impunctate apically, the depressed apical margins of segments transversely striatulate; bases of segments two and three with white lateral hair patches.
Length, 5 mm.
Fedor, Texas, March 24, 1902. Rev. G. Birkmann collector.
- Easily distinguished from all the other black species by the testaceous legs.
This species is dedicated to the Rev. Mr. Birkmann, from whom it was received.
Flalictus lineatulus, n. sp., 9.—Head and thorax dark green or blue-green ; face broad, above antenne closely, deeply punctate, below antennze, including clypeus, very sparsely and more coarsely so ; clypeus anteriorly purple, supra-clypeal area coarseiy lineolate; antenne obscurely ferruginous beneath; cheeks very ample; mesothorax shiny, coarsely lineolate, lineolation very apparent, with scattered setigerous punctures ; median groove well impressed, parapsidal grooves distinct ; scutellum closely punctate, punctures irregular in size, with two smooth shiny spots on the disc; base of metathorax not enclosed, with strong, coarse, irregular longitudinal striz reaching apex only laterally; medially not quite reaching apex, and the intervening space roughened; mesopleura_ coarsely roughened, metapleura finely so; truncation granulose, not surrounded by a salient rim ; wings hyaline, nervures honey-colour, stigma at times more brownish : tegule shiny dark brown ; legs brown, hind inner spur with
for)
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
about four long teeth ; abdomen green, disc of first segment occasionally showing brownish ; apical margins of segments broadly testaceous; whole abdomen, except discs of 1 and 2, covered with close appressed brownish- white pubescence ; segment 1 practically impunctate, 2 with base rather closely, finely punctate ; lateral margins and venter with long brownish- white hairs ; venter brownish-testaceous.
Length, 6-7 mm.
Ten specimens, Ag. Coll., Mich., Oct. 4-11, 1893 (R. H. Wolcott).
Most ciosely related to sephyrus, Sm., but differs in its larger size, stronger, more numerous rugeze of metathorax, more coarse apparent lineolation of mesothorax, much sparser punctuation of mesothorax, lighter nervures, dark tibiz (not testaceous at base and apex), abdomen more densely pubescent and covering more of surface (confined to lateral patches on 2 and 3 in z¢phyrus).
Halictus Pecosensts, n. sp., 9 .—Black, head and thorax clothed with rather abundant griseous pubescence ; facial quadrangle wider than long ; clypeus shiny, with large scattered punctures ; face sericeously roughened with scattered very shallow oblique punctures below antennz, above antennz becoming closely, finely punctate only in front of ocelli, but not reaching orbital margins ; antenne entirely dark ; mesothorax sericeous, closely, rather coarsely punctate ; median and parapsidal grooves obscure; base of metathorax with close, coarse, irregular striz, not enclosed ; truncation not entirely surrounded by a salient rim; legs black, hind inner spur with three or four oblique almost obsolete serrations ; tegule dark, with a light centre ; wings subhyaline, nervures and stigma testaceous ; abdomen shiny, finely and sparsely punctate, segment one more sparsely so ; bases of segments two and three with large lateral hair patches almost connected medially on three.
Length, 644 mm.
Pecos, N. M., 7,200 feet, at flowers of Holodiscus australis, July 21. W.: P. Cockerell collector:
This species comes near the fectoradis group, but differs from any of them in the much wider face; it also differs from fectoradis by its punctate first segment, hair patches on segments two and three, strie of metathorax much finer; from /ectoralordes by the obsolete parapsidal grooves, first segment punctate; from pseudopectoralis by the first segment punctate, closer punctures of mesothorax and the lighter nervures and stigma.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST... 7
GUELPH BRANCH OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO.
The third regular meeting of the Guelph Branch was held in the Agricultural College on Wednesday evening, November rg5th, 1g05, with 20 members and 38 visitors in attendance.
Mr. EF. J. Zavitz discussed the ‘‘Long-Horned Borers” (Cerambycidz), pointing out some of the more salient characters of the family, describing habits, methods of collecting, etc. Specimens of the work of Cerambycid larvee in solid living wood were shown. His remarks were also supple- mented by exhibiting the 94 species represented in his cabinet, nearly all of which were taken at Ridgeway, in Welland County, Ontario.
Mr. Douglas Weir presented notes on various species of insect-galls, and showed slides made from his own photographs, illustrating about 20 species collected during the autumn in the vicinity of Guelph.
A brief review of Kellogg’s ‘“‘ American Insects” was given by Mr. Sherman.
Mr. C. Ceesar discussed “Grasshoppers,” with special reference to life-history and economy of the destructive species, natural enemies, remedial measures, etc.
Brief discussion followed each of these papers.
The fourth regular meeting was held in the Agricultural College on Wednesday evening, November 29th, 1905, with 21 members and 13 visitors in attendance.
Mr. B. Barlow discussed ‘‘ Mosquitoes,” giving his experiences in collecting, breeding and methods of eradication. Specimens of egg masses
and larve were exhibited, and a lively discussion followed. Mr. T. D. Jarvis gave a few notes on the Pitcher-plant Mosquito. About the middle of November the larva of this mosquito was taken from the leaves of the Pitcher-plant in the Arkell swamp, a few miles from Guelph. The larve were living in the solid ice of the “ pitcher,” and when the ice melted they became quite active.
A brief review of the current literature was given by Prof. Sherman. Bulletins from Ohio, Washington, Maryland, and Central Experimental Farm, were discussed.
Mr. C. R. Klinck discussed granary insects. He made collections from granaries and mills around Guelph, and presented a large collection of granary pests in different stages of development. Some of the common species found were: Rice weevil, Granary weevil, Saw-toothed granary weevil, Bean weevil, Pea weevil, Cow-pea weevil, Meal worms, Angoumois grain moth, Indian meal moth, Indian snout moth and flour mite.
T. D. JARVIS, Secretary.
8 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
HALTICA RUFA, ILE, AT MOUNT Si. HILAIRE Our
I was out collecting at Mount St. Hilaire, Que., on the 27th June, 1905. After a long and tiresome walk through the woods, I-came to a small marshy piece of land in which several small willows were growing, I immediately went to these bushes, expecting to get some Chrysomelide, in which I was particularly interested. I shook several of the trees over my net, and then examined what had fallen into it. My efforts were greatly rewarded by the finding of one specimen of a reddish Chrysomelid, which I at once placed in the Halticini group. I had never seen it in any of my outings, and thought it was a good species. I. brought my capture to Mr. Stevenson’s attention, who was with me that day, and he made a good search for another specimen. I do not know whether he got some or not, but for my part I managed to get another specimen after hard labour.
When I returned home I mounted them on card points, with exact data, and placed them in a special box, for future study.
It was only a month later that I succeeded in determining them. I first consulted Mr. Wickham’s descriptions of the Chrysomelide of Ontario and Quebec, in the CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Vol. XXIX. A rapid glance showed me that my insect was not described here, so I looked up Dr. Horn’s Synopsis of the Halticint of North America, published 1889. It did not take me long to find that the name of my little beast was Haltica rufa, Il)., an odd-looking Ha/tica indeed, and Dr. Horn is certainly right in stating the following remarks in reference to it: “‘ This insect seems to have some trouble in finding a permanent generic resting place. Following the ‘ Catalogus,’ it is a Désonycha, while a species com- pietely congeneric (and I think also specifically identical) has been described in the ‘ Biologia’ as Lactica scutellaris. That it cannot be referred to Zactica is evident from the character of the basal impression of the thorax, and the choice is plainly between Dysonycha and Hattica. The latter genus has been chosen because there is a_ well-marked ante-basal depression of the thorax, which is, however, said to occur in Disonycha, but is not present in any of our species.”
Dr. Horn gives to this insect a wide range of distribution, being from Massachusetts to Illinois, Florida and Texas, extending through Mexico to South America. Ido not think it was ever known to be found in
Canada, and I thought, therefore, it would be of general interest to record
its capture here, G. CuHacnon, Montreal.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 9
CATALOGUE OF THE GENERA OF THE HEMIPTEROUS FAMILY APHID, WITH THEIR TYPICAL SPECIES, TOGETHER WITH A LIST OF THE SPECIES DESCRIBED AS NEW FROM 1885 Pe Look -BY -G. W. KIRKALDY, HONOLULU.
(Continued from Vol. xxxvii, page 420.) .
57- Tychea, Koch, 1857, Pflanzenlause, 296, t. graminis, Koch.* 58. Smynthurodes, Westwood, 1849, Gardener’s Chron., 420, t. defea, Westw. 59. Forda, Heyden, 1837, Mus. Senckenberg, II, 291, t. formicaria, Heyd. = Rhizoterus, Hartig, 1841, Zeitschr. Ent., Lee, 363, t. vacca, Hartig, =formicarta, Heyd. 60. Pentaphis, Horvath, 1896, Wien. Ent. Zeit., XV, 2, t. marginata (Koch)* (0). 61. Hamamelistes, Shimer, 1867, Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., I, 283, t. spznosus, Shimer*. = Tetraphis, Horvath, 1896, Wien. Ent. Zeit, XV, 6, t. detulina, Horv. 62. Hamadryaphis, Kirkaldy, 1904, Entom., XXXVII, 279. =|\;Kessleria, Lichtenstein, 1885, Mon. peupl., 16, t. spirothece (Pass. )*. 63. Dryopeia, Kirkaldy, 1904, Entom., XXXVII, 279. =||Endeis, Koch, 1857, Pflanzenlause, 312, t. de//a, Koch*. = Eudeis, Ashmead, 1889, Ent. Amer., V, 189. 64. ||Amycla, Koch, 1857, Pflanzenlause, 3or, t. fwsctfrons, Koch* [appar- ently not a valid genus]. Subfamily 5.— Prilloxerine. 65. Adelges, {Vallot, 1836, C. R. Ac. Dijon, 224, t. /aricis. = tSacciphantes, Ruricola | = Curtis], 1844, Gardener’s Chron., IV, 831, t. absetis (L.), Curtis. = Agelges (!) Schaum, 1854, Bericht Ent. for 1852, 143. = Anisophleba, Koch, 1857, Pflanzenlause, 320, t. hamadryas. =||Chermes, Passerini, 1860, Gli Afidi, 30, t. adzetis, (L.), Pass. = fPhlceophthiridium, Van.der Hceven, 1849, Handb. Dierkunde, I, 509, type? | = Pineus, Shimer, 1869, Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., II, 383, t. pentcorticis, Shimer.
(0) Kholodkovsky regards 59, 60 and 57 as synonyms. January, 1906,
— —__—__— eo
10
60.
67.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
= tChermaphis, Maskell, 1884, N. Zealand, J. Sci., II, 292, t. pez.
= Kermaphis, Maskell, 1885, Tr. N. Zealand Inst, XVII, 16, t. pzzzz.
Astegopteryx, Karsch, 1890, Ber. deutsch. Botan. Ges., VIII, 51, t. styracophila, Karsch. :
Philloxera (and Phylloxera), Boyer, 1834, Ann. France, III, 222, t. guercus.
—Acanthochermes, Kollar, 1848, S. B. Akad. Wiss., Wien., I, heft 3, p. 18, t. guercus, Kollar. ;
—=7Peritymbia, Westwood, 1863, Gard. Chron., 584, t. wétisana (= vastatrix).
=7Daktulosphaira, Shimer, 1866, Prairie Farmer, XXXIV, 365, t. vitifolie, Shimer.
==+ Viteus, «Shimer, 1867, Ur. sAc: Nat. (Ser, Philads) XC eaeee vittfolie, Shimer.
=-Dactylospheera, Shimer, 1867, op. c., t. g/obosum.
==} Psylloptera, Ferran, 1872, Ann. Mus. Genova, 11, 85,t- gwercra-
==+Rhizaphis, Planchon and Lichtenstein, 1877, Ann. Belg., XIX,? t.?
==Rhizocera; T. W. Kirk, 1807, New Zealand, Dept. Agr, Weatiets for Gardeners, 20, p. 3.
DcustFuL Position.
. tTTermitaphis, Wasmann, 1902, Tijdschr. Ent., XLV, 105, t. cércum-
vallata, WWasm.
. +Polyocellaria, Imhof, rgoo, Biol. Centralblatt, XX, 527 [no species
named, according to Zool. Record] (a).
. Oregma,. Buckton,. 1893, Ind: Mus.” Notes, TIT, Noi 237 eae
bambuse, Buckton.
71. Atheroides, Haliday, 1839, Ann. Nat. Hist., [ls®180,-t. serzulartas: Hal 72. +Pentalonia, Coquerel, 1860, Ann. France (3), VII, 239, t. zzgroner- vosa, Coq. 73. {Leptopteryx, Zetterstedt (71838), Ins. Lapp., 625, t. wvalis, Zett. ((p). GENERA NOT DESCRIBED. Toxares, T, A. Williams, 1891, Spec. Bull. Univ. Nebraska, 26. Doralis and Pharalis [not Palaris|, Leach and Risso, in Risso, 1826, Hist. Nat. Eur. Merid, V, 217. (a) Described as allied to Orthezia, but placed in Zool. Record among Aphide.
(p) Sec. Bergtsson (1902, Wien. E. Zeit., 150), = probably | Aphis puncti-
pennis, Zett., a species not recorded by Lichtenstein.
Sp.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 11
(B). ‘ New species and varieties,” 1885-1905.
Gen. 1.—AZacrosiphum.
. agrimoniella (Nectarophora), Cockerell, 1903, Canad. Ent.,
XXXV, 168.
2. artemisize (N.), Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 123.
. artocarpi (Siphonophora), Westwood, 1890, T. E. S., London,
649.
. asclepiadis (N.), Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 123. . avenivorum, Kirkaldy, 1905, Entom., XXXVIII, 132 (n. n. for
granaria, Buckton, nec Kirby).
. baccharidis (N.), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 252. . californica (N.) Clarke, |. c. . caudata,t Pergande, 1900, T. Ac., Washington, II, 513.
chrysanthemi (S.), Oestlund, 1886, Report 22.
. corallorhize (N.), Cockerell, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 167. . corydalis (S.), Oestlund, 1886, Report 25.
. cynosbati (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 81.
. destructor (N.), Johnson, rg00, Canad. Ent, XXXII, 56. . epilobii,y Pergande, 1900, T. Ac., Washington, II, 515.
. frigide (S.), Oestlund, 1886, Report 20.
. fulvze (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 80.
. funesta (S.), Macchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 67.
. geranit (N.), Oestluud, 1887, Bull. So.
. heleniella (N.), Cockerell, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 169. . jasmini (N.), Ciarke, 1903, op. c., 252.
. insularis,4 Pergande, rgo0, T. Ac., Washington, II, 515. . ludoviciane (S.), Oestlund, 1886, Report 23.
. lycopersici (N.), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 252. . Martini (N.), Cockerell, 1903, op. c., 169.
. pallida (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 84.
. Poe (S.), Macchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 62.
. potentille (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 83.
. purpurascens (N.), Oestlund, 1887, op. c., 8t.
. rhamni (N,), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 252.
. rudbeckiarum (N.), Cockerell, 1903, op. c., 168.
. tabaci (N.), Pergande, 1898, op. c., XXX, 300.
. trifolii, Pergande, 1904, Bull U.S. Ent., 44: 21.
. valerianiz (N.), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 252,
12
49.
50. 51.
52. 53: 54: 55: 56. 57: 58. 59: bo. 61. 62. 63.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Gen. 4.—JlVectarosiphum.
. rhinanthi, Schouteden, 1903, Zool. Anz., XX VI, 687. . rubicola (Macrosiphum), Oestlund, 1886, Report 27.
Gen. 6.—LRhopalosiphum.
. Grabhami, Cockerell, 1903, Canad. Ent., XX XV, 342.
. nabali, Oestlund, 1886, Report 34.
. serotine, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 76.
. sonchi, Oestlund, 1886, Report 34 (—dianthi (Schrank) ). . Viole, Pergande, 1900, Canad. Ent., XXII, 29.
Gen. 10.—AZyzus.
. ajugee, Schouteden, 1903, Aun. Belg., XLVII, 194. . eloreagni, Guercio, 1894,t Nat. Sicil., XIII, 197. . junackianus, Karsch, 1887,} Berlin Ent. Zeit., XXXIJ, Sitzb.,
ps XX.
. malve, Oestlund, 1886, Report 30 (—achyrantes (Monell) ). ;{phenax, Cocketell, 1003, -T.-Amer. .Ea'S:,. X2CXoat 15:
. potentilla, Oestlund, 1886, Report 30 (= rosarum (Walker) ). . targionii,f Guercio, 1894, Nat. Sicil., XIII, 197.
. thezecola, Buckton, 1891, Ind. Mus. Notes, II, 33 (Ceylonia).
Gen, 11.—//yalopterus. phragmitidicola (Aphis), Oestlund, 1886, Report 44 (—arundinis, Fabr. ) ; Gen. 13.—Aphis. adianti (Siphonophora), Oestlund, 1886, Report 26. adusta, Zehntner, 1897, Archief voor Java Suikerindustrie, V (Nia.=to);-p/? ageratoidis, Oestlund, 1886, Report 38. alamedensis, Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent. XXXV, 249. albipes, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 52. annue, Oestlund, 1886, Report 43. atronitens, Cockerell, 1903, Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXIX, 115. Bakeri, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 118. brunnea, +Macchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 61. brunelle, Schouteden, 1903, Ann. Belg., XLVII, 194. ceanothi, Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent, XXXV, 250. cephalicola, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 118. chenopodii, Cowen, op. c., 119. crithmi, Buckton, 1886, T. Ent. S., London, 323.
96. 97- 98.
THE CANADIAN - ENTOMOLOGIST. i
. cymbalariz, Schouteden, rgoo, Ann. Belg., XLIV, 123.
. eriogoni, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 119.
. eupatoril, Oestlund, 1886, Report 39.
. Forbesi, Weed, 1889, Bull. Ohio Agr. Sta., II, No. 6 :148. . frigide, Oestlund, 1886, Report 46.
. frondosz, Oestlund, op. c., 38.
. Gillettei, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 120.
. heliotropii, +Macchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 59.
. heraclii, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 120,
. leontopodii, Schouteden, 1903, Ann. Belg., XLVI, 195.
. maculatz, Oestlund, 1387, Bull. 6r.
. maidiradicis, Forbes, 1891, Rep. State Ent., Illinois, XVII. 64. . marutez, Oestlund, 1886, Report 4o.
. mentheradicis, Cowen, 1595, Colorado, r2t.
. mimuli, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 57.
. monarde, Oestlund, op. c., 58.
. mori, Clarke, 1893, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 250.
. neilliz, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 59.
. ochrocentri, Cockerell, 1903, Ent. News, XIV, 248.
. cenothere, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 62.
. oxybaphi, Oestland, 1887, Bull. 62.
. persiceeniger, E. F. Smith, 1890, Ent. Amer., VI, ror.
. polygoni, TMacchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 63.
. ripariz, Oestlund, 1886, Report 41.
. robiniz, ¢Macchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 65.
. rociade, Cockerell, 1903, Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXIX, 115. . rubicola, Oestlund, 1887, Bull 60.
. sacchari, Zehntner, 1897, Archief Java Suikerindustrie, V, No.
IO, p. ?
. spireze, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 68.
. ||Spireeze (q), Schouteden, 1902, Zool. Anz., XXV, 656.
. suberis, {Tavares, 1903, An. Soc. Nat. Porto, VII, 83.
. tetrapteralis, {Cockerell, 1902, Bull. S. Calif. Ac. Sci., r40. (I
have only seen an unpaged separate.) tamaricis, Lichtenstein, 1885, Bull. France (6), V, p. CLXXIX. thaspii, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 58. trifolii, Oestlund, op. c., 55.
(q) =Schoutedeni, n. n,
14
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
99- 100. 101. Foz
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
ITO.
Itt.
Ta2, rip he 114.
valerian, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 121.
veratri, Cowen, op. c., £22.
viole, Schouteden, 1900, Ann. Belg., LXIV, 127. yucce, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 122.
Gen. 14.—Hyadaphis. archangelicz (Siphocoryne), Oestlund, 1886, Report 36. Gen. 16.—Aristaphis. beulahensis (Cladobius), Cockerell, 1904, Canad. Ent., XXXVI, 263. Gen. 17.-—Jelanoxantherium. bicolor (Melanoxanthus), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 36. flocculosus (Melanoxanthus), Weed, 1891, Insect Life, III, 291. - Gen. 18..—rachycolus. Korotnewi, Mordvilko —-?—. Gen. 19.—Cryptosiphum. neril, { Perez, 1902, Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital., N. S., VIII, 441.
Gen. 20.—Fergandeida. ononidis, Schouteden, 1903, Zool. Anz, XX VI, 686. Gen. 21.—Microsiphum. ptarmice, Kholodovsky, 1go02, Isviestiya S. Peterb. Liesn. Inst., 53 (Sep. 5 !). | Gen. 22.—Chaittophorus. lyropictus, {Kessler, 1887, Nov. Act. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur., Lier7i: maculatus, Buckton, 1899, Ind. Mus. Notes, IV, 277. nigrae, Oestlund, 1886, Report 49. spinosus, Oestlund, 1. c. Gen. 24.—Sipha.
. Schoutedeni, Guercio, tg00, Ann, Belg., XLIV, 134.
Gen. 26.—Kadllistaphis.
. arundicolens (Callipterus), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent.,, XXXV,
249. giganteus (Callipterus), Kholodovsky, 1899, Zool. Anz., XXII, 474- Gen. 32.—Stomapiis. Graffil, Kholodovsky, +1894; Bull. Soc. Nat., Moscow, gor [Sep. Deez:
. macrorhyncha, Kholodkovsky, op. c., 402 [Sep. 3 !].
tf 5;
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 15
Gen. 33.—Lachnus.
. abieticola, Kholodkovsky, 1899, Zool. Anz., XXII, 470.
. bogdanowi, Mordvilko, 1895, op. c., XVIII, 97.
. cembre, Kholodkovsky, 1892, op. c., XV, 74 (as var. of pini).
. curtipilosa, Mordvilko, 1895, op. c., XVIII, 100 (as var. of
pineus). farinosus, Kholodkvosky, 1891, Vistn. Yestyestv., No. 8, p. 5 [Sep. ].
. flavus, Mordvilko, 1895, Zool. Anz., XVIII, toz.
. fuliginosus, Buckton, 1891, Ind. Mus. Notes, II, 41.
. juniperinus, Mordvilko, 1895, Zool. Anz., XVIII, roz. . maculosus, Kholodkovsky, 1899, op. c., XXII, 469.
. persicze, Kholodkovsky, op. c., 472.
. piceicola, Kholodovsky, 1&96, op. c., XIX, 148.
. pichte Mordvilko, 1895, op. c., XVIII, 103.
. pineus, Mordvilko, op. c., roo (var. of hyperophila, Koch). . pinihabitans, Mordvilko, op. c., 98.
. pyr, Buckton, 1899, Ind. Mus. Notes, 1V, 275.
. rose, Kholodvosky, 1899, Zool. Anz., XXII, 471.
. viridescens, Kholodovsky, 1896, op. c., XIX, 509.
Gen. 36 and 37.—£riosoma and Schizoneura (rt).
. crategi, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 27. . glossularize, tTaschenberg, 1887, Verh. blatt. deutsch. Pomol.
Mer: S6.
. graminis, tGuercis, 1895, Nat. Sicil., XV, 84. . Karschi, Lichtenstein, 1886, Entom. Nachr., 82. . obliqua, Kholodovsky, 1896, Zool. Anz., XIX; 259.
Gen. 42.— Colopha.
. rossica, Kholodkovsky, 1897, Zool. Anz., XX, 146.
Gen. 45.—Geotca.
. cyperil, Schouteden, 1902, Zool. Anz., XXV, 656. . squamosa, Hart, 1894, Rep. Ins. Illinois, XVIII, gs.
Gen. 46.—Hormaphis. -
. papyracee, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 19.
Gen. 47.—Byrsocrypta. alni (Pemphigus), Provancher, 1890, ;Faune Canad. Hém., 320.
(r) The following 5 were all described as Schizoneura, some may be
Eriosoma,
164. TOG. 166. 167, 168. 169.
170; b7 1.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
. attenuatus (P.), Osborn and Sirrine, 1893, Ins. Life, V, 235 [also
described as “new” in 1895, P. Iowa Ac.].
. betze (P.), Doane, 1900, Ent. News. XI, 391:
. coccus (P.), Buckton, 1889, {Tr. Linn. Soc., London (2), V, 142. . corrugatans (P.). Sirrine, 1894, P.. lowa Ac., I, 129.
. edificator (P.), Buckton,-1893, Ind. Mus. Notes; 111 No.aa72: . hedere (P.), Horvath, 1894, Rev. Entom. Franc, XIII, 188.
. immunis (P.), Buckton, 1896, Ind. Mus. Notes, IV, 51.
. lucifuga (Tetraneura), Zehntner, 1897, Archief voor Java
Suikerind, V, No. ro, p. ?.
. napeus (P.), Buckton, op. c., 50.
. populi-conduplifolius (P.), Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 115.
. protospire, Lichtenstein, 1885, tMon. peupl., 31.
. Riccobonii, Stefani, 1899, TRiv. Ital. Sci. Nat., XIX, p. 1.
. saccarata, Guercio, 1895, {Nat. Sicil., XIV, 88 (as var. of
fuscifrons).
. spiriformis, Lichtenstein, 1885, +Mon. peupl., 25.
Gen. 51.—LRAizobius.
, jujube, Buckton, 1899, Ind. Mus. Notes, LV, 277 (s).]
Gen. 52.—RAizoctonus.
. ampelinus, Mokrzhetsky, 1896, Trudy Russk. Entom., XXX, 438.
Gen. 54.— Vacuna.
. betulina (Thelaxes), Buckton, 1886, T. E. S., London, 326.
Gen. 56.— Cerataphis.
. lanigera (Ceratovacuna), Zehntner, 1897, Archief Java Suikerin-
dustrie; V; Ne. 10,.p.-P-
Gen. 57.—TZychea. brevicornis, Hart, 1894, Rep. Ins. Illinois, XVIII, 97. crassa, WP: Cockerell,1 903-5 (Psyche, 2X, 2:18. groenlandica, {Rubsaamen, 1898, Bibl. Zool., XX, 115. lasii, W. 22. ‘Gockerell, *19025<Psyche, Xe 217; pallidula,. W. P. Cockerell, l..c. radicola, Oestlund, 1886, Report 56.
Gen. 59.—Forda. interjecti, W. P. Cockerell, 1903, Psyche, X, 217. Kinen,-W. P. Cockereli-0p.c..-210;
181 ;
(s) Previously described in 1883 by same author in Mon. Brit. Aph., IV.,
is a Coccid Sec., Cockerell & Fernald.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 17
172. occidentalis, Hart, 1894, Rep. Ins. Illinois, XVIII, gs. Gen. 61.—Hammamelistes. 173. betulina (Tetraphis), Horvath, 1896, Wien. Ent. Zeit., XV :6. Gen. 63.—Ade/zes. 174. bouvieri (Chermes), Kholodkovsky, 1903, Zool. Anz., XXVI, 259 (as var. of picez). 175. lapponicus (C.), Kholodkovsky, 1889, op. c, XII, 390. 176. pineoides (C.), Kholodkovsky, 1903, op. c., XXVI, 263 (as var. of picez). 177. precox (C.) Kholodkovsky, 1896, Trudy Russk. Entom., XXXI, p. ?{Sep: 52:!/: 178. sibiricus (C.), Kholodkovsky, 1889, Zool. Anz., XII. 388. 179. taxi (C.), Buckton, 1886, T. E. S., London, 327. - 189. viridanus (C.), Kholodkovsky, 1896, Zool. Anz., XIX, 39. Gen. 66.—Astegopteryx. 181. styracophila, Karsch, 1891, Ber. deutsche Botan. Ges., VIIL., 52. Gen. 67.—FPhilloxera. 182. pirl, Kholodovsky, 1903, Zool. Anz, XXVII, 118. 183. prolifera, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 16. Gen. 68.— Zermitaphis, 184. circumvallata, Wasmann, tgo2, Tijdschr. Ent., XLV, 105. Gen. 71.—Oregma. 185. bambusz, Buckton, 1893, Ind. Mus. Notes, III, No. 2: 87. Accidentally omitted in foregoing list : Gen. 3.—FPhorodon. 186. calaminthe, {Macchiati, 1885, Bull., Ital., 54. Gen. 6.—Rhopalosiphum. 187, aczene, Schouteden, 1904, Hamburg. Magalh. Sammelr. Aphiden, p. 4 (t). Gen. 9.—Mastopoda. 188. pteridis, Oestlund, 1887, Report 53. Gen. 10.—AZyzus. 189. Michaelseni, Schouteden, 1904, Hamb. Mag. Samm. Aph., 3.
(t) Doubtless a separate from some periodical, but no information is given in the paper,
18 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Gen. 13.—ApAts. 1go. polanisiz, Oestlund, 1886, Report 42.
P. S.—Since the above was in print, my friend, Dr. Horvath, has
been so good as to reply to a letter of mine and furnish me with the following references :
CLAVIGERUS, Szépligeti, 1883. Rovaraszati Lapok, I, p. 4; type salicts, Kalt.
BrapyAPHis, Mordvilko, 1894-5. Faun. Anat. Aphid. p. 46; type axtennata, Kalt.
SyMypbosius, Mordv., op. c., 54; type ob/ongus, Heyd.
Neither of these papers is mentioned in the “ Zoological Record” or in the “Bericht der Entomologie,” the one being in Russian and the other in Magyar. The now defunct “Rovaraszati Lapok” existed for a single year only (1883) and should not be confused with the current ‘‘Rovartant Lapok.” The title of the Russian work is given me by Dr. Horvath as “K. Faunye 1 Anatomii sem. Aphidide Privisliavskago Kraja. Varshava, 1894-5.”
TWO NEW ONCIDERES, WITH NOTES ON SOME OTHER COLEOPTERA. BY CHAS. SCHAEFFER, MUSEUM OF THE BROOKLYN INSTITUTE OF ARTS - AND SCIENCES, BROOKLYN, N. Y.
A fine large Oncideres, which agrees very well with the description of Thomson’s f¢essedatus, was sent me lately for identification by Prof. Snow, who collected this fine addition to our fauna in S. Arizona this year. The occurrence of this species in our fauna gives me the opportunity to make known another large Oncideres from Texas, apparently new, which belongs with fesse/atus to the sub-genus Lochmeocles. Following. I give also a new synoptic table, as I never derived great satisfaction from the one given by Dr. Hamilton,* who suppresses pufator, but allows Zexana to remain. My material is not very extensive, but to me putator seems to be more distinct than Zexana, though an extensive series from intet- mediate localities may show that they are only extreme forms of cingu/ata.
Thorax as wide behind the lateral tubercle as before, ¢ with antennal tubercles prolonged at apex into distinct porrect horns. (Sub- Sens LECH mocles.).is.c0 Vb ek as me St eR os ee eee ee
*Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXIII, p. 140.
January, 1906
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 19
Thorax narrower behind the lateral tubercle than before, ¢ without por- RORy MURTY CLI PETUS: CORELILERES. )iccov ciets c aitw ss og awe = tn s Sate Ee tr. Light brown, not very densely clothed with uniform brownish cinereous hairs ; elytra ornamented with a number of small rounded ochreous spots, base with from 4 to 6 small blackish granulations, the elytral punctures covered by the pubescence ......5.) 550... ..cornuticeps. Black or piceous, more densely covered with white pubescence, especially the under side; elytra with a number of reddish yellow spots, at sides about middle, a more or less distinct oblique fascia of denser white hairs, the fascia without reddish-yellow spots, basal third ofelytra with a number of black shining granules, the punc- tures below these glabrous, shining, not covered by
WRODESGOUCES «Wee Gena all ce rtuns, renee qe ee nnng oe wet cla De RESSCAILIES 2. Large robust species, elytra with a number of round, slightly elevated, shining black spots, which are at base granuliform......pastu/atus. Smaller species, elytra without black denuded spots, but with a number of small, rounded, cinereous or yellowish spots, formed by denser PUT e SCON GR yi iteacec Hite cic pe ee Rat ate oe hae cake ins se Ao SERRE 3. The small pubescent spots at middle of eiytra white, head, base of elytra and legs densely covered with ochreous pubescence ; form narrower and more elongate than cemgulata..............guercus. The small pubescent spots at middle of elytra yellow or ochreous, pubescence of head not dense, yellowish or luteous, legs not very densely pubescent with cinereous hairs and, if at ail, very sparsely intermixed with yellow hairs.......... SET SRN F 4. Disk of thorax with 3 denuded Pies spots, placed transversely, lateral spine small, though distinct ; elytra coarsely, densely punctate,
with a number of granules at base, colour black or blackish- Pee Re Metin 2 Doge en onyeny . cela tiarste ecw verge Btw ack + ons SPULOLOLS Disk of thorax without 3 denuded spots, sometimes with a small glabrous median line; elytral punctuation more sparse, without or mith-at most very few. granules: dt bases i502. 2. es Beles pee 1S 5. Tubercles at sides of thorax distinct, colour dark brown, median fascia Guelvira white (in fresh Specimens)... 62.255 eee eb Texana. Tubercles at sides of thorax absent or very feeble, colour reddish- brown or luteous, median fascia cinereous.. ...........clugulata.
20 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Onctderes cornuticeps, 0. sp.—Short, robust, uearly of the same form as pustulatus ; colour very light brown, pubescence fine, not coarse, per- mitting the shining surface of elytra to be seen, brownish-cinereous inter- mixed with denser ochreous pubescence above, forming numerous small spots on elytra and two on disk of thorax; the latter are situated on each side of the median glabrous space. Antennal tubercles prolonged at apex into distinct porrect spines. Thorax broader than long, as broad behind as before the distinct lateral spine; disk slightly uneven, with a few punctures at base and on side tubercles, at middle a small glabrous space, which is obsolete towards apex. Elytra slightly narrowing to apex from the shining humeral tubercle, which is situated at side, a little below the base ; punctuation sparse and nearly uniform throughout, the punctures only slightly smaller towards apex, and are not glabrous, but covered by the pubescence, at base are about 4 or 6 small shining granules on each elytron. Abdomen shining, more densely clothed with longer hairs than the upper surface, each segment with two denuded round spots on each side. Length, including the frontal horns, 20 mm. One male labelled Texas in collection Dietz.
Lypsimena tigrina, Skinner, Ent. News, XVI, p. 291.—The descrip- tion of this beetle is unsatisfactorily short and insufficient, and does not give any idea of the general form and other important characters, especially troublesome if the species is placed in a wrong genus, which I believe is the case here. 3
In Lepidoptera, where the species differ very littie in shape, etc., colour and markings are considered important in separating species, but in Coleoptera, where, with very few exceptions, the species in a genus differ from each other either in general form, form of thorax and elytra, structure or sculpture of the under side, head, antenne, legs, or some other character, colour and markings are considered secondary.
I cannot find among my Arizona material a Lypsimena, but have taken a few specimens of an Zs¢o/a, which I think is the same as the Doctor’s Z. tigrina. Itis a longer and less robust insect that the Lower Californian sordida, but agrees with it in all generic characters, except that the lower lobe of the eyes is longer, which we find in some Mexican species also. The armed thorax removes it from Lypsimena at once, besides other characters.
The linear black dashes on the elytra are subject to variation, they have a tendency to become longitudinally confluent, and the four post-
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 21
median ones also transversely confluent, forming in some specimens a black fascia ef irregular outline.
The size and markings of my insect agree with the Doctor’s descrip- tion, and I have no doubt that this is the species, but in case it should prove different I propose the name of /s/o/a ficta for it.
Byrsopolis lanigera, Bates.—Dr. Skinner, l.c., records the occurrence of this species. I have taken several specimens of this species, but the description of Byrsopolis Chihuahue fits our insect better. B. lanigera has the clypeus ‘‘sinuatim angustato, apice quadratim sublobato, reflexo, truncato,” anterior angles of thorax ‘“‘nullo modo productis,” basal margin subinterrupted, all characters which my specimens do not possess, while B. Chihuahue has the clypeus “triangularis, lateribus leviter sinuatis, apice medio acuminato-reflexo,” anterior angles of thorax ‘‘subacutis,’ basai margin “omnino integro.” Our insect has all these characters, and I had identified it as that species already.
Cymatodera tricolor, Skinner, |.c.—I have taken several specimens of this species, but in all my specimens the ‘head and outer third of the thorax” is not dark green, but black or blackish. The colour of the head and thorax is variable. I have one specimen which has the head and thorax reddish-testaceous, and another specimen has the head and the greater part of thorax black, with only the base narrowly reddish.
My specimens are mounted on cards yet, otherwise I would give here the abdominal, antennal and other characters, so important in this trouble- some genus, which are passed in silence in the description.
Clerus bimacudatus, Skinner, |.c.—This species is variable in regard to colour. The abdomen is not brown as described, but red, very bright in fresh specimens, and the upper side and.legs in some specimens black or piceous, with the apical part of thorax and base of elytra brownish. The under side is reddish, with the metasternum infuscate at middle in some specimens. The spots on the elytra are bright yellow when alive, but changing after death in most specimens to reddish, oniy in two or three of my specimens the spots remained yellow, but not as bright. The apex of the elytra is clothed with cinereous pubescence, as in moestus, but having on each side a spot formed by black hairs.
Polycesta Arizonica, n. sp.—Similar to ve/asco, but smaller, thorax not as broad, and only the alternate elytral intervals costate, Head slightly convex, nearly flat in the clypeal region, coarsely and densely punctate, a short costiform smooth median line. ‘Thorax transverse,
a2 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
arcuately narrowing to apex, broadest at about basal third, base before the scutellum impressed; surface coarsely punctate, the punctures well separated on the disk, but denser and confluent in the apical region at sides, on the median line from apex to base is a narrow, smooth space, with a fine impressed line at middle, which is very distinct at base, gradually finer and disappearing entirely near apex. Elytra as wide as the thorax at base, nearly parallel to slightly behind the middle, then arcuately narrowing to apex, which is obtusely rounded and coarsely serrate ; elytral intervals alternately elevated into distinct coste on the disk, more feebly at sides, the costz sparsely punctate ; the intercostal space slightly convex at middle, very coarsely punctate, the punctures more or less transversely confluent, in addition there are at middle a row of smaller punctures, representing the punctures of the costate intervals. First ventral suture straight, last ventral segment of male broadly arcuate at apex, at middle produced into a lobe-like projection, which is carinate on its ventral surface, last ventral segment of female narrowing to apex, which is slightly truncate. Length of male, 15 mm.; of female, 20 mm.
Palmerlee, Cochise Co., Arizona. Beaten from branches of.live oak.
This species is near velasco, but is smaller, has a narrower thorax and different elytral sculpture. The last ventral segment of the females is variable, in some the apex is subacute and has a well-defined costa, in others it is more broadly rounded, and the costa is hardly visible. The same can be said of the male, though there is never as much variation as in the female.
In Entomol. News, Vol. XVL, p. 73, Mr.. Fall restores ceva to specific standing on an apparent good character. This species is separated from Ca/ifornica in the table given by the last ventral segment produced into a lobe at middle (angulate in Ca/ifornica), and from the remarks the female does not differ much in this respect from the male. — I have seen quite a number of specimens of e/ata, consisting of both sexes, and find that the lobed last ventral is only peculiar to the male, and not alone in this species, but also in ve/asco and Arizonica. Unfortunately, I have only three specimens of Cadifornica, all female, but have no doubt that the male of Ca/zfornica has the last ventral segment formed as in elata. The so-called median carina of thorax is in one of my specimens of Californica as distinct as in e/ata, in another specimen faintly seen, and cannot be relied upon for the separation of the two. If, as I suspect, the male of Ca//ornica has the same abdominal character as e/afa, there
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 23
remains only the difference in sculpture and the more or less distinct con- cave front. The last abdominal segment of the females in all of out species is variable, hardly two specimens of the same species are exactly alike, some have the apex subacute, others obtusely truncate, the ventral surface may or may not be carinate.
P. angulosa, Duv., which was overlooked by Mr. Fall in his table, has a peculiar male character, consisting of a densely-punctured and densely-pubescent oval spot on the first abdominal segment at middle, and is the only species (except Ca/ifornica ?) which has the. last segment simple, without lobe-like prolongation at middle. The species can be further distinguished from the rest of our species by the distinct rows of large rounded punctures on the elytra and the strongly-angulated thorax. The description of P. obtusa, Lec.,* fits angulosa better than velasco, the finding of it in Philadelphia was undoubtedly accidental. Based on the characters mentioned above, the following synoptic table for our North American species of Po/ycesta is presented below :
Pirseventralisnture at sides strongly arcuated << shag. fo 5 .rhecs es cel
Pits Veuital subiire straisht ‘throushowks< 3 2) ois So ede ee ea
1. Thorax with broad median and smaller fatecal impressions, sculpture
of elytral intervals punctate, and more or less coarsely rugose, apex
of last ventral of male produced at middle into a lobe-like projection,
first ventral without pubescent spot. a aaa? sence eases
Thorax with broad median, but iihont lateral impressions, colean with
well-defined rows of relatively large punctures, apex of last ventral
of male not produced at middle, but first ventral segment wirh a densely-punctured and densely-pubescent oval spot at
TET CI ee Eater tak Dee Gn Pate SEE ee eee en . angulosa.
2. Front flat near the clypeal region, the punctuation of elytral intervals
more evident, not coarsely transversely confluent.......Cadlifornica.
Front concave near the clypeal region, sculpture of elytral intervals
coarsely transversely confluent . fake sist noee .elata
3. Elytral striae deeply impressed and Monee Pcl ee all the
intervals more or less distinctly costate, last ventral of male at apex
prolonged at middle into a lobe-like projection........ ...velasco.
Elytral strize not impressed, only the alternate intervals costate, the
intercostal space coarsely and transversely confluently punctate ;
last ventral of male at apex produced at middle........Arizonica-
*Proc. Acad, Nat. Sciences, Phil., 1858, p. 68.
24 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
A REVIEW OF DR. WALTHER HORN’S “SYSTEMATISCHER INDEX DER CICINDELIDEN.” BY H. F. WICKHAM, IOWA CITY, 10W.A.
The above-named paper, which has lately appeared in the Deutsche Entomol. Zeitschrift (1905, II, pp. 1-56), is of the highest value to American students of the Coleoptera, though in these days of minute subdivision and endless creation of genera and species upon the lightest pretext, it may come as a surprise to those who have consulted only our American publications on the subject. It represents the views of an investigator who has all the advantages of wide acquaintance with types of the described species and with the literature of the subject. Only about 20 of the many forms listed were unknown to the author, whose recent visit to the United States is still a pleasant memory to those fortunate enough to meet him.
Dr. Horn has made a number of changes in the hitherto accepted nomenclature of the family, especially in the direction of reduction of the number of generic and specific names. He recognizes as genera and species only those series of forms which can be delimited by characters at once weighty and constant. For aggregations of less than specific value, he uses the following terms :
1. Subspecies. Sharply defined geographical races, characterizable by features of importance.
2. Aberrations. Local forms definable only by relatively slight charac- ters (colour, pattern, size) and all striking sporadically occurring forms.
3. Synonyms. A collective term for everything unnecessary, true synonyms, feebly differentiated forms separable only by minor features of colour and pattern, intergradations, and local and geographical races so ill developed as to require a locality label for certain recognition.
The Cicindelide (in broad sense) are arranged thus :
A. Alacosternalize, W. Horn. I. Ctenostomide, Lac. (Pogonostoma and Ctenostoma.) II. Collyride, Chaud. (Collyris and Tricondyla.) B. Platysternalize, W. Horn. III. Theratide, W. Horn. (Therates.) IV. Cicindelide, Lac. 1. Eurodini, W. Horn. Iresia, Langea, Euprosopus, Eucallia, Caledonica, Dystipsidera, Nickerlea, Cale-
donomorpha, Prothyma, Beckerium, Eurytarsa, January, 1906.
Le) or
THE CANADIAN ENLOMOLGIST.
2. Odontochilini, W. Horn. Heptodonta, Opisthencentrus, Oxygonia, Odontochila, Prepusa.
3. Cicindelini, W. Horn. Pentaco nia, Cicindela, Eury- morpha, Apteroessa.
4. Dromicini, W. Horn. Dromica.
V. Megacephalide, Lac. Pseudoxychila, Oxychila, Chiloxia, Megacephala (with Tetracha, Phzoxantha, etc., as synonyms or subgenera), Aniaria.
VI. Neomantichoride, W. Horn. Pycnochila, Omus, Amblychila. VII. Paleomantichoride. W. Horn. Mantica, Mantichora.
VIII. Platychilide, W. Horn. Platychila.
It is impossible, within the limits of a review of this nature, to discuss the system of classification in detail. The student of the American forms will be interested in noticing that the arrangement of our species of Cicindela is totally different from that now obtaining in our lists. This is due chiefly to the emphasis laid upon the characters drawn from the vestiture. The nearctic fauna is treated as a whole, the Mexican forms materially increasing the number. 3
When we analyze the list closely, a considerable number of minor changes in nomenclature becomes evident. Many of the forms that we have been accustomed to regard as specifically distinct, are degraded to the rank of subspecies or aberrations. One must confess to a feeling that the difficulty hitherto experieneed by calling all the fairly well differentiated forms species, is not entirely overcome by their arrangement as subspecies and aberrations. - Here the same trouble occurs as of old—the subspecies offer varying degrees of perfection of differentiation, and the same is true of the aberrations. It still remains largely a matter of opinion whether a given subspecies may not be well enough marked and sufficiently constant in its characters to deserve specific rank, and several instances occur in which it is equally uncertain whether a form were best considered a subspecies or an aberration. However, the relations between closely allied forms are often well brought out by Dr. Horn’s arrangement, as for.example in the group classed as pusz//a, Say, including as subspecies imperfecta, cinctipennis and lunalonga, cyanella and tuolumne ranking only as aberrations. No one with a full series of the different forms can for a moment believe that each is of specific rank, though extremes are sufficiently readily separable. Specimens from the Great Basin grade perfectly from cinctipennis to tmperfecta, and some of those from Colorado
26 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
connect the former equally well with jzs7@/a. A number of our North American forms now appear as subspecies of Mexican type. In other cases the names we have been using are simply displaced by older ones, vulgaris going by the name ¢rvanguebarica, Hbst., modesta becoming obscura, Say. So many changes of one kind and another are made that the American student should by all means see the work in its entirety. To the reviewer, it appears that Dr. Horn has worked with a much clearer appreciation of the subject than any of his predecessors, and, while one may not agree with him in every detail, it is impossible to overlook the fact that the student of the family as a whole is much better fitted for classificatory work than the entomologist who confines himself to a limited fauna.
The arrangement of the subfamilies and genera is based upon phylogenetic theses, which are of sufficient interest to sketch out here. Briefly stated, the line of descent is indicated thus—the deductions being made upon structural and geographical grounds alone, the geological record being silent.
The first forms of a Cicindelide nature arose in the Ethiopian tropics from a Carabidous stem. These apterous primitive Cicindelide were allied to the recent types of Platychilidz and Paleomantichoridz, and to them the name Protomantichoride is applied. The Protomantichoride spread westward to America, their descendants later pushing out to the north and south, These forerunners of the Neomantichoride led to the development of the Prototetrachide, which were then distributed circum- zonally along the equator.
Complicated characters of vestiture appeared later. Next, in part through partial decoloration and partly by irregular disposition of the hairs, false patterns were formed on the elytra, whose equivalents are to be seen in the now dominant pigmental patterns.
A further step led to the development of. the Protoeuryodide, which likewise inhabited the entire tropics. Among these was first developed a high power of flight. Now appeared the arboreal forms. Types of the nature of Z7zcondyla and Therates led at last to the Protopogono- stomidee.
The species of the genus Cvcindela are geologically the youngest of the Cicindelide forms. They are to be considered descendants of the Protoeuryodide, and in them first appears the highest development and greatest potential variation of vestiture and pattern. With respect to the
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 27
indirect descendants, the author has indicated several principal stems (not primitive forms). In respect to the North-stem and the South-stem in the groups occurring in the Holarctic region, he lays down the following hypotheses :
The two North-stems developed, during a colder period, in what is new a warmer region of Africa. Later they separated, the smaller part going southward, seeking the cooler climate, the main body being mean- while forced farther and farther to the north, returning later (split into North American and Eurasiatic branches) to the south. The home of the two so-called South-stems may be in the warmer part of America. Then follows a phenomenon analogous to the above, with the difference that here two equally great migrations took place, the forerunners of the cuprascens group going northwards, those of the wzvea-rifsem@e group southwards. Both reached the Arctic or Antarctic Jand connections, The species of the e/egans-trisignata group are then the posterity of the south-bound Arctic Eurasiatic branch, the /elmsi-dunedinenstssetigera group perhaps coming from the north-bound Antarctic Australasian branch. In spite, however, of these statements, neither the Arctic nor the Antarctic regions have produced indigenous Cicindele, their influence on the great influxes being only that of paths ofea passing emigration. The true home of all the CvczndeZa stems is in the tropics or the subtropics,
NOTES ON TANIORHYNCHUS SQUAMIGER, COQ. BY H. J. QUAYLE, AMES, IOWA.
Prof. Smith, of New Jersey, records Zentorhynchus ( Culex) squamiger, Coq., as being a strictly fresh-water form in that State, and it will be interesting to know that so far as my experience goes during the past season, it is exclusively a salt-marsh mosquito in the San Francisco Bay region of California. It may be possible that we have two different forms, but in a quantity of material which I have just examined they appear to agree in all essential particulars, both as regards Jarva and adult, with the descriptions given in Prof. Smith’s report. ‘There is one character, how- ever, in the larva that is quite at variance, and that is the tracheal gills. In my specimens they are very short, In no case as long as the width of the 9th segment, while in Prof. Smith’s report they are given as longer than the length of the segment, for the New Jersey sguamiger. At any
rate, if they are not the same mosquito, I believe my specimens are the January, 1906.
28 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
typical sgwamiger, since they have been so determined by Mr. D. W. Coquillett, and were taken a few miles up the bay from where the original sguamiger was obtained, and which was described by Mr. Coquillett. However, it is the habits I wish to speakabout here. Larvee of this species were found without excepticn in the salt water pools, and almost invariably with Cwrrze:, which is a strictly salt-marsh mosquito in this territory. Larve first appeared on February zoth, and none were seen later than April 20th. Adults from this brood made their way to the hills opposite, and while they were not found to have the migratory habit so well developed as Curriez, which was observed to migrate ten miles, they were found at least three or four miles from their breeding ground. No adults were seen to emerge after March 25th, due to our control work, and none were found flying about on the marsh after the middle of May, although adults were found in the hills up to July 2nd. We may infer, therefore, that the maximum adult life may be three months, and this agrees with the New Jersey observations. It was found there, however, that the species is single brooded, but in rgoq4 a brood was observed to emerge on the San Francisco Bay marsh in September, making at least two in this section, but, of course, climatic conditions may explain this difference. Negative evidence points to the fact that this species passes the winter in the egg stage, the eggs hatching as already mentioned, very early in the following season. Since the adults were seen in the hills nearly two months after their disappearance on the marsh, it is evident that at least the
majority do not make their way back to the marsh for egg-laying. Of those that migrated, three or four were found with eggs early in the season, but the great majority had no eggs developed. Further evidence, however, is necessary to establish or disprove the fact that the migratory forms are barren. Besides Culex Curriez, this is the only marsh species found in this territory, and because of the fact that it is fewer brooded it is not so abundant.
Mr. A. F. Winn, Secretary of the Montreal Branch, has changed his address to: 32 Springfield Avenue, Westmount, P. Q.
Mailed January 6th, 1906.
te € anadliay Fontomologist
VoL. XXXVITI. LONDON, FEBRUARY, 1906. No. 2
PRACTICAL AND POPULAR ENTOMOLOGY—No. ro.
THE DRAGON-FLIES AND DAMSEL-FLIES (ORDER ODONATA). BY FRANKLIN SHERMAN, JR., AGRIC. COLLEGE, GUELPH, ONTARIO.*
In most parts of temperate North America the true Dragon-flies are among the most conspicuous members of the insect class in any com- munity where water is at hand. Strong of flight, quick as a thought in their darting movements, wary in the highest degree, they are usually well- known to all by sight, yet not often captured by the amateur collector unless he takes the time to devote his special attention to them at some favourable place.
The Damsel-flies, on the other hand, are less wary and les active, and may often be caught in the hand or picked up in the fingers from their resting-place on grass-stems, etc. Their delicate wings and frail bodies are, however, easily broken, and they are not favourites with collectors, all the less so as they are quite difficult to classify even when in perfect condition.
Under the older system of classification, they were included in the order Neuroptera along with a number of other insects. By more recent workers they have been assigned an order to themselves —the Odonata. Some entomologists regard them as comprising but one family,—others as two families, but the tendency with the most modern workers who have devoted special attention to them is to group them into six and sometimes even seven families. It is therefore somewhat a matter of preference as to what system we shall adopt. For the purposes of this article we have divided them into six families, all of which are represented in Ontario, and all but one, quite commonly.
CLASSIFICATION INTO FAMILIES.
The characters used in classifying the Odonata into families are based wholly.upon the wings and the eyes, and are characters which are easily recognized if one first learns a little of the structure of these insects.
*In this article as well as in any others which he may contribute under the head of ‘‘ Popular or Practical Entomology,” the writer lays no claim to originality in the matter presented, nor are references to literature commonly quoted. The object here is to present the subject in a manner easily understood by non-technical readers.
30 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
The Eyes are large and prominent, one on each side of the head. They may be widely separated, almost touching, barely touching at one point only, or meeting for some little distance. The size of the eyes and their prominent position on the head accounts in large degree for the wariness of these insects.
The Wings are long and narrow as compared with those of butterflies. In the active Dragon-flies the hind wings are quite broad at their base (next the body), while in the weaker Damsel-flies they are narrowed at the base.
In all Odonata there is a notch-like or joint-like structure on the front edge of the wings about mid-way its length ; the zodus.
The pferostigma (which is absent in some Odonata) is a distinct, hardened or conspicuously coloured small patch on the front edge of the wing between-the nodus and the tip of the wing, usually nearer the latter. Examine a specimen carefully and you will plainly see the frarmework of (he wing :—hardened black lines called vezms, which support the thin membrane of the wing. Note that in the front part of the wing there are several strong veins running lengthwise. The very front margin of the wing itself is a strong vein, which extends all the way around the wing. The next of these lengthwise veins usually only extends to the nodus, and between it and the vein which forms the margin of the wing are a number of small veins running perpendicularly between the two :—this is the first series of antenodal veins, so called because they come (starting at the base of the wing) defore the nodus. Between this second lengthwise vein which stops at the nodus and the ¢/zrd@ lengthwise vein which runs night on past the nodus to the pterostigma, is the second series of antenodal veins, Now, sometimes these two series of antenodal veins correspond : that is, one of the second series is continuous with one of the first series, as if it were one continuous antenodal vein running from the margin of the wing to the third lengthwise vein. In other cases these two series of antenodal veins do not at all correspond, and only: rarely will you find a vein which is continuous from the margin to the third lengthwise vein.
Now, upon the characters which we have just discussed —(1) the position and relation of the eyes ; (2) the shape of the hind wings and (3) the correspondence (>r lack of it) between the two series of antenodal velns—we may construct an easy table for separating our Odonata into their six families.
A. Eyes wide apart, projecting from the head,—the hind wings narrow
at bass, and the wings lheid vertically over the back when not in Eh: epee Nustrh iter Gos a BOOP Ep Erare rote oA. vy Aer (Damsel- flies.)
OS food
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ;
B. Not more than 5 antenodal veins in either
Ge BIS eed sre ce gee ae gt mn ears Sade a Family Agrionide BB. More than 5 antenodal veins in either Series sug ys ...e.... «Family Caloptery vide.
AA. Eyes usual/y not far apart,—hind wings broad at base, and the wings are held extended horizontally by the insect when not PARIREES ey eid cele dace: i Srielsies tae whine ep ae AS ces CRT Os Deawon- fies)
C. The two series of antenodal veins not corresponding. D. Eyes widely separated...... Family Gomphide DD. Eyes touching only.... Family Cordulegusteride. DDD. Eyes meeting for some distance.. Family Aeschnide.
CC. The two series. of antenodal veins corre- BPOMES Septet ts Bae ot orale Family Libellulide.
Of the above six families the Agrionidz and tne Libellulide contain by far the greater number of species ; the Cordulegasteride have only a few species, all of which are rather uncommon.
Fig. 2 Fig. 1. Fic. 1.—One of the Libellulidz, or true Dragon-flies. Note that the hind wings are broad at base and the eyes meet on the head. In this figure the second series of antenodal veins is easily seen and they correspond ‘. as) Vip with the first series. (See Key to Families). \ ea
Fic. 2.—One of the Agrionide or Damsel-
. . ° ayy) flies. Note that the hind wings are narrowed at : | A = !
base and that the antenodal veins are not numer-
saall\ ous or close together. The eyes are widely ) ¢ separated. (See Key to Families). (- =e } Fic. 3.—A young or nymph of cone of the Dragon ee ° > f ig flies. Note the buds of wings or wing-pads, and ——S that the general shape of the body is quite similar ae
to that of the adults. \}
32 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
All of the Odonata deposit their eggs in water, and the young insects bear some resemblance to the adults in the shape of the head and size of the eyes, and in the avidity with which they prey upon other weaker insects. The young of the Damsel-flies are more slender than those of the true Dragon-flies and are further distinguished by having several flat leaftlike plates at the hind end of the abdomen,which aid in purifying the blood by acquiring fresh air from the very minute bubbles which are present in the water. In the young of the true Dragon-flies there are no such plates, but the air is drawn into and forced out of the hinder part of the body.
There is, among the ignorant, much needless fear of the Dragon-flies. In various sections they are known as Dragon-flies, Darning-needles, Snake- doctors, Mule-killers, Mosquito-hawks, etc. Of these names, the first and last give the truest idea of their habits. They are true dragons of the air, and undoubtedly do devour immense numbers of mosquitoes; for woe unto the gnat or small fly which is spied by a dragon-fly !—a swift swoop of the long, strong wings, a quick dart of the Dragon-fly, and the place which knew the gnat knows it no more. They are absolutely harmless to man and may be handled in the fingers with impunity : a sight pinching with their jaws is all that they can give,—but this, while nothing to us, means death to weaker creatures.
The appetite of an adult Dragon-fly is something remarkable, I have seen specimens held in the hand cease struggling to munch on a proffered fly, and the same thing may be observed even when the creature is impaled on a pin which is passed directly through the body between the wings. But most remarkable of all was the case in which a captured specimen, when its own body was bent under so that the tip was near its mouth, seized its own abdomen and ate off two of the segments !
The Odonata is a good example of a group of insects which for along time were regarded as of no economic importance, but which suddenly acquired interest. When it had been clearly demonstrated that mosquitoes may transmit the germs of malaria and yellow fever to man, the question of natural enemies of mosquitoes became important. Mosquitoes lay their eggs in water and the young are known as “ wrigglers ” or ‘‘ wiggle-tails.” Coursing over the pool and marshes, the large, swift Dragon-flies surely destroy many an impregnated female mosquito, or more likely destroy them when they first emerge, before they are ready to lay eggs. In the
pool, creeping about on the bottom in the shallow places, the young Dragon- fly doubtless makes many a happy meal on the luckless wrigglers which come within reach,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Qo. OS
There should be between too and 130 species of Odonata found in Ontario.. They have been but little studied here. Dr. E. M. Walker, of Toronto, has probably done more work upon this group than anyone else, and I am glad to know that he will likely soon publish in this journal a list-of the species which he has observed. During the coming season, which will not be far distant when this article appears, let us hope that our Ontario collectors, at least, will give more attention to this interesting group.
WHAT EUCHCECA COMPTARIA, WALK., REALLY IS. BY RICHARD F.. PEARSALL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.
My last paper, upholding Dr. Hulst’s determination that Z&. perlineata, Pack., is the above species, was intended also to convey the idea that until we knew joszfive/y that he was wrong it was better to accept his decision. Nor was it my desire to belittle the judgment of Mr. Prout, as I expressly stated. Immediately after its publication I received two letters from Mr. Prout, explaining his views so clearly that I began to doubt the correctness of my opinion, as set forth in my paper upon “ The Genus Venusia and Its Included Species." It must be noted that up to that time none of us had seen Dr. Packard’s types. In the paper last named I mentioned that comptaria, Walk. (=per/ineata, Pack.) was taken plentifully by me in the Catskill Mts., and I proceeded there- fore to describe another eastern form under the name of salrenta, associ- ating with it a larger Californian species, which my scant material did not warrant me in separating. Later,’ with the receipt of a Jarger series, I had about determined that it was entitled to specific rank, and that opinion I now hold. Convinced that Mr. Prout would be able to judge correctly, I forwarded to him examples of what I called comftaria, Walk. (= per/ineata, Pack.), from the Catskill Mts., co-types of sa/enta, Pears., and of omenia 12-lineata, Pack., as separated by me. He had advised me that he already had a good series of the western form of sa/enta; hence he would have before him beth of our eastern and both of our western species for comparison with Walker’s type of comptaria.
On Nov. 22nd I went to Cambridge, where, by the courtesy of Dr. Henshaw, I was permitted to examine freely the Packard types. The result was. clarifying, if not altogether gratifying, for I found that in caltenta J had been guilty of adding another synonym to the many. It is the perlineata of Packard without a shadow of doubt. The species I
CAN, ENT, Vol.<47; p: BCAN.- ENT: Vol2:37 February, 1906.
FA. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
have Leen calling complarta (= ferdineata) is not in the Packard collection at all, and is the one I should have described.
In the Packard collection per/ineata is represented by two males labelled “type” from “West Virginia, Mead. 4. 9. 72,” in good condition, and referred to in description, page 83, Mono. Geom. Moths, 1876. 12-lineata.—Under this name are four males, labelled “type,” all from California. Three of them belong to the genus Nomenia, bearing unipectinate antennz. The fourth is a male without a vestige of antenne, but is certainly the western form of Euchceca, referred by me to sa/enta. It was the custom of Dr. Packard to describe from a group of specimens, calling all of them types, and he so labelled them. In the Monograph Geo. Moths, 1876, per(éneata was represented by five males and five females; of these, only two males are left. Of z2-4neata he had three maies and five females. Now there are four males left. Three are the males of Nomenia. Where did the other ¢ come from? Did he consider the other western species with its simple antenne to be females of the first ? It would appear so. Again, in taking description from a group of speci-— mens involving two species, he makes reference to a certain characteristic which may belong to one species or the other, and where it becomes | necessary to separate them, as in the case of 72-/ézeata, the description may not wholly fit either of them. After many careful comparisons be- tween my specimens and his description and plates (note its simple antenne), I find them to agree so well that, as offering the best way out of a complex situation, it would be better to recognize the western Euchceca as entitled to the name of 72-4neata, Pack., and raise it to specific rank. At the close of his remarks under this species he says : “Tt may be found to intergrade with /. fer/ineata of the Eastern States. It is a little larger, with more acute fore wings than that species or variety (?)” He might have added, by its colour also, which is white, as he describes it, while fer/neata is decidedly bluish-ashen ; nor did he refer to Nomenia, for that species is noticeably smaller than fperlineata. 3y these points it is easily separable to my eye. This situation leaves Nomenia sp. undescribed.
To-day I received a letter from Mr. Prout, in which, after acknowl- edging receipt of my specimens, he says:
“Comptaria, Walk., ¢s not =perlineata (that is my Catskill Mt species I had’sent him labelled fex/zmeata). ‘This is certissime !
“TF it isnot exactly. =safenta; Pears: >>... itis-at- least sovelose to it that my eye fails to detect any difference WHATEVER.”
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Do
The capitals are his, not mine, and it follows that if sa/zenta is comptaria, Walk., then perdineata of Packard, of which it is a synonym, must be also.
It will be seen by this statement of facts that Dr. Hulst was, after all, correct in his determination of jer/ineata, Pack., as a synonym of comptaria, Walk. So that if we accept the dictum of Dr. Taylor,? which he lays down so emphatically, that his listing should ‘‘ replace Nos. 3330 and 333t in Dyar’s Catalogue,” we will find ourselves very much in error. And here I will answer his question, “ whether I will follow Hulst and accept the other synonyms placed with per/ineata under comptaria, Walk.?” Certainly not. Because Dr. Hulst was right in one case does not make him right in all, nor do the errors he made discredit him entirely. It is necessary to note them, and I will continue to publish them, but comment I refuse to make, since he is not here to answer for himself. A descrip- tion of the species involved follows :
Lomenta unipecta, n. sp.—Front seal-brown, above gray and ciear white scales mixed. Palpi short, gray and white scaled, tip seal-brown. Antenne gray, unipectinate, apex simple in ¢, in 9? filiform simple. Collar, thorax above, patagia and abdomen above, dull white, mixed with dark gray or brown scales, these having a tendency to gather in spots on thorax and abdomen, but they do not form a fixed pattern ; under parts lighter, the fore and middle tibiz washed with seal-brown, hind legs whitish. Fore wings with costa long, so that they appear sharp at apex, the outer margin receding almost straight. Colour grayish-ash, darker at base and along costal region, crossed by about ten waved dark gray lines, angled at costa, their general direction being straight across the wing. Preceding the discal space, which is narrow and paler, are four lines, the first slightly curved outward, the second nearly straight, some distance from it, the last two close together. Extra discal line sharper and darker than any other, starting at small angle from costa, it bends outward a little opposite cell, and from the lower end of the curve its course inclines toward hind angle. Two heavy shade lines follow this close to it and each other, and between them are scattered brown scales, not prominent, wanting entirely in many specimens, but forming as a whole a dark streak crossing the wing. Sub-terrminal shade lines heavy and distinct, much waved; between this and border often occurs another less distinct shade line. An intervenular sharp black line borders both wings. Fringes
SCAN ENE, Voki 37; p: alr,
36 i THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
dusky. The veins are marked where lines cross with fine black dashes, more generally beyond discal space. Hind wings well extended, rounded as in Eucheeca, paler dusky-white, crossed beyond cell by four indistinct curved gray lines, much broken and waved, the inner crossing at end of cell and quite distant from the others. Discal dots wanting in most examples, sometimes discernible on fore wings. Beneath dusky. Extra discal and sub-terminal lines on fore wings are reproduced faintly, darker at costa, the latter crossing the wing, the former lost before reaching inner margin, intervenular black line on margin distinct. Hind wings with lines as above faintly reproduced, discal dots very small and faint.
Type g-and 9; coll. R..F. Pearsall:
The specimens described were received through Mr. G. Franck, of Brooklyn, the male from Plumas Co., Cal.; the female from Pasadena, Cal. My examples from Pasadena are much more suffused and darker than those from other parts of California.
Eucheca exhumata, n. sp.—In form a miniature of V. cambrica: about one-half its size. The texture of the wing is much heavier than any other species in the genus, as much so as in cambrica. Front broad, rounded, dark seal-brown above, mixed gray and white; palpi short. Antenne compressed ciliate in ¢, simple in ¢. Colour chalky-white, not shining, with gray and black scales intermixed, these forming into about six diffuse waved lines, crossing both wings. Of these the basal and extra discal are mostly black and heavier. Basal line on fore wings forms a regular outward curve from costa to inner margin, without angle or waving. Withiu this are three or four wavy, paler gray lines, giving to this section quite a dark appearance. Beyond the basal line the wing is generally aclear gray, sometimes white. The extra discal line is black, with a large angle below costa to cell, then forms a complete semicircle opposite cell, from lower point of it running’ straight to inner margin. Outside of this, and parallel with it, and sometimes of the basal line as well, there is a line of yellow-brown scales, interrupted on the veins by heavy black dashes, the two opposite cell being large and diffuse. There follows a clear white space, like a waved line, crossing both wings, and conspicuous in all specimens. Subterminal line of darker scales, heavy at costa, sometimes entire, sometimes fading out opposite cell. Subter- minal space clear light gray, darker in suffused examples. Fringes long
dusky-white. An intervenular black line just within the margin of both wings. Hind wings with basal-portion clear gray, the basal line of fore wings often continued with a slight curve to inner margin, as an indefinite
pe
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
waved line. Extra discal line distinct, less so at costa, with a large angle to cell, then curved boldly outward, reaching In a straight or wavy line to inner margin, about two-thirds from base. Outside this and parallel is a gray shade line replacing the brown line of fore wings. Often a few brown scales appear in this line, visible under lens. A conspicuous white line- like space follows the extra discal line, beyond which the single subter- minal is more or less distinct, but does not dissolve into points in any of my specimens. Discal dots round and black, usually distinct on fore wings, smaller and sometimes wanting on hind wings, in the latter never included in the basal line, as in comptaria, Walk. Beneath dusky, the extra discal and subterminal lines distinctly reproduced on both wings, the space between them being less dusky, often the basal line is faintly shown. Intervenular line at margin faint but apparent. Discal dots obvious. Legs dusky, fore tibia dark gray, tarsi ringed with yellowish. Abdomen in ¢ above dull white, each segment anteriorly ringed with dark gray, beneath dusky-yellowish. Analtuft yellowish, in ¢ dull white, not ringed, dusky at base.
Type ¢ and §; coll. R. F. Pearsall.
I have before me 25 ¢’s, 10 9’s, taken in the Catskill Mts., from June 4 to July 15. As compared with comptaria, Walk., the wing texture is much heavier, the ground colour clear white, not bluish-ash, and the lines diffuse. One male is entirely suffused with dark gray and brown scales, the conspicuous white line beyond extra discal showing out vividly; indeed, the tendency to suffusion is a characteristic of the species, and makes intelligent description most difficult. The large round spot opposite cell, so marked a feature in /wcafa, is shown to a less degree in this species, but combined with a wide white discal space it has produced the form confounded with the latter, and easily distinguished from it by the marginal intervenular line not present in ducata.
The species concerned will, I trust, finally rest as I now place them.
Nomenia unipecta, Pearsall, n. sp. Euchceca comptaria, Walker. = perlineata, Packard. = salienta, Pearsall. Eucheeca 12-lineata, Packard. Euchceca exhumata, Pearsall, n. sp. During the preparation‘of this paper more material has come to me
through the kindness of Dr. Wm. Barnes. He sends me examples of . comptaria (=fperlineata, Pack.) taken as far west as Quincy, IIl., the
38 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
farthest western point I know. Besides examples of Momenia unipecta, Pears., from California, there are three specimens belonging to this interesting genus, taken by Dr. Barnes at Glenwood Springs, Colorado, which he suggested should constitute a new species. After a careful study I cannot accept this view, but have designated it:
LVomenia unipecta, var. secunda, Pears.—It differs from the type in these respects: About one-third larger, the body and fore wings of a dark, dusky-slate, without the sheen of California examples ; hind wings somewhat lighter. On both wings the lines are sharper, and on the fore. wings the brown scales which follow the extra basal and discal lines are more evident. Beneath I can discover no difference from my dark speci- mens taken at Pasadena. Its darker opaque hue, sharper lines, and larger size distinguish it from typical waipecta.
The genus Euchceca contains other errors. For instance, a/bovittata, Guen., has nothing in common with this group, either in appearance or habits. It goes into the genus Trichodezia, Warren, of which it is the type. Dr. Hulst failed to observe the distinguishing marks of this genus, and therefore discarded it.* They are present as sexual characters in the male, and quite apparent in fresh specimens. The venation of hind wings is also quite distinct. With this may go Ca/iforniata, but I have no male of it for comparison. A later paper will be devoted to the genus as a whole.
ASSOCIATION OF Economic ENToMOLoGIsTs. — The recent meeting in New Orleans was a very successful one, over thirty members being present. ‘The next meeting will be held next winter in New York
City, in conjunction with the A. A. A. S. The following officers were elected for the ensuing year:
President, A. H. Kirkland, Malden, Mass.; 1st Vice-President, W. EK. Britton, New Haven, Conn.; 2nd Vice-President, H. A. Morgan, Knoxville, Tenn.; Secretary-Treasurer, A. F. Burgess, Columbus, Ohio. For Member Committee on Nomenclature, to serve three years: Herbert Osborn, Columbus, Ohio. For Members Council, A. A. A. S.: H. E. Summers, Ames, lowa, and E. A. Schwartz, Washington, D. C.
4 rans. Am, Ent::Soc.,’vol.r23;9p. | 274.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 39
NEW BEES OF THE GENUS COLLETES. BY MYRON H. SWENK, LINCOLN, NEBRASKA.
Colletes clypeonitens, n. sp.—Q. Length 1r mm. Clypeus promi- nent, polished, narrowly medially sulcate, its punctures coarse but scat- tered and not forming striz, its apex slightly emarginate and preceded by a transverse rim. Malar space one and one-half times as long as broad, finely striate. Antenne black, the flagellum brownish beneath, jcint 3 decidedly longer than 4. Face dull, finely and feebly punctured, its
pubescence dense and erect, dull soiled gray, becoming whitish about clypeus. Vertex shiny, minutely punctured. Cheeks dull, striate like malar space, with long white hair and short appressed pile about orbits. Prothorax without an apparent spine. Punctures of mesothorax small and widely separated, a very large polished disk subimpunctate. Scutellum finely separately punctured, these closest along posterior border. Post- scutellum finely densely punctured. Pits on superior face of metathorax very irregular and poorly defined, apparently very long and narrow, medially ona broadened area. Enclosure funnel-shaped, polished, smooth, the bowl convex. Pleura shining, with fine, well separated punctures. Pubescence of thoracic dorsum dull yellowish gray, whitish on pleura, metathorax, postscutellum and below. Tegulz yellowish testaceous. Wings clear, nervures and stigma dark brown, the former becoming yellowish at base, with the costal nervure entirely yellow. Abdomen parallel-sided, first seg- ment shining, finely, rather indistinctly, scatteringly punctured, following segments finely, closely, indistinctly punctured. Tergum with a fine, very dense, short and appressed pile practically concealing the surface between the contrasting, very dense, shaggy fasciz, all of a dull gray colour, basal segment with long white hairs, segments 3-6 with white bristles, 6 bare of appressed pile. Venter shining, not banded. Legs black, with white pub- escence, that on posterior femora and tibiz very long and quite dense, carry- ing much pollen, outer tibial spur not pectinate, both spurs short and yellow, claws rufous, with the inner tooth submedian, front coxz without spines.
Type.— Los Angeles, California (Dr. Davidson), 1 2 specimen.
There is no other species known to me, except the following, which shows close relationship to this one, which is very distinct in its sparsely punctured, non-striate clypeus,long malar space and densely pilose tergum. ‘On the whole its nearest relative is probably C. de/odontus, Viereck, or C.
albescens, Cresson. February, 1906°
40 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Colletes petalostemonis, n. sp.— 2. Length 7-8 mm. Very like to C. clypeonitens, to which it is most closely related, but differs as follows: Clypeus not sulcate nor its apex emarginate. Malar space about as long as wide. Flagellum merely fuscous below, its first joint subequal to its second. Vertex with distinct punctures of two sizes. Punctures of face distinct. Mesothorax similarly, but more coarsely punctured, those on pleura coarse and close, scutellum coarsely and sparsely punctured pos- teriorly. Pits on superior metathoracic face even more irregular, and the median broadening much more pronounced. Bowl of enclosure very convex, bulging. Wings white, nervures yellow, becoming dark toward the apex, the stigma large, fuscous. Abdomen similarly shaped, but much more coarsely punctured, these very distinct and quite well separated on segment 1, fine and close on 2, indistinct on following segments. Tergum with similar appressed pile. Entire pubescence of a more silvery, less yellowish cast, tinged with the latter colour slightly on thoracic dorsum only.
¢. Length7mm. Clypeus concealed by long, dull white pubescence. Malar space slightly over twice as long as wide. Flagellum brown below, its first joint two-thirds as long as its second, both black, the brown joints over twice as long as wide. Abdomen very coarsely punctured, especially on segment 1, segments 1--6 with broad white apical fascie, the spaces between with thin pale pile not nearly concealing the surface, basal segment with long white hair, very erect, denser laterally. Otherwise essentially like the 9.
Types.—Warbonnet Canon, Sioux County, Nebraska, July 20, rgo1 (9), July 13, r901(¢), on Petalostemon candidus. (M. Cary.)
Paratypes.—Glen, Sioux County, Nebraska, August 9, 1905, on Fetalostemon candidus, 42; do. August 14, 12; 40 miles north of Lusk, Wyoming, July, 1895,(F. H. Snow) 9, ¢. This species seems to be oligo- tropic on Letalostemon candidus, and is not common even where the plant is abundant.
Colletes solidaginis,n.sp.— @. Lengthgomm. Head very short and broad, the eyes large. Vertex scarcely depressed, minutely punctured, its sides bare, the hairs between the occeli long and erect. Clypeus some- what shiny, uniformly slightly convex, roughened by close,coarse punctures which form irregular strie, the apical rim prominent, intensified by a trans- verse depression immediately preceding it, covered with a sparse, short pale ochraceous pubescence. Front covered with a short, dense, pale ochraceous pubescence, concealing a dull, finely-roughened surface,
o
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 41
that below antenne yellowish white, the cheeks with a pale whitish pubes- cence and the surface slightly shiny and finely punctured. Malar space so short as to be almost wanting. Antenne black, with the flagellum below
beyond the second joint dull brownish to ferruginous, its basal joint but a shade, if any, longer than the second.
Thorax above very densely covered with a short, erect, bright fulvo- ochraceous pubescence, wholly concealing the surface, not at all mixed with dark hairs, longer and denser on postscutellum, paling on the sides to grayish white below. Prothoracic spines apparently wanting, mesothorax evenly punctured on a shining surface, the punctures very close and distinct, slightly sparser on a discal space, the posterior margin very finely and densely punctured. Scutellum polished and impunctate at base, else- where with close, coarse, rounded punctures, the postscutellum dull and finely roughened. Superior face of metathorax separated from the posterior face by an irregular rim, and divided into a series of about a dozen shining pits, which are narrow, crowded and imperfect on the sides, but quite perfect and about square medially. Posterior face with the sides shiny, weakly and scatteringly punctured, with long, pale ochraceous hairs becoming very dense laterally, the enclosure funnel-shaped, highly polished and shining, the bowl more or less ridged at the sides and base, the neck perfectly smooth, much longer than wide at base. Pleura shiny, with fine crowded punctures concealed by a dense ochraceous pubescence. ‘Tegule pale testaceous. Wing short, hyaline, the nervures and stigma honey yellow. Legs slender, black, sometimes tinged with brownish on tarsi and ends of tibia, the pubescence short, sparse, grayish white. Front coxe with long hairy spines. Outer tibial spurs distinctly pectinate, yellow. Claws dark, medially toothed. Abdomen with the sides subparallel, above densely covered with a very short and appressed and ochraceous pile which conceals the surface, the first segment with long dense ochra- ceous hairs at base and sides, its middle more sparsely pubescent and partially exposing a shining impunctate surface. The apical margins of the segments are not depressed, but have the pubescence much denser than elsewhere, forming noticeable fascize concolorous with the rest of the pubescence, the venter with very narrow pale fascie or fringes on the apical margins, apical segment bare, contrasting,
f. Length 6-7mm. Resembles the ? except in the following points: Pubescence whitish, strongly tinged with yellowish on sides and dorsum of thorax, in general much sparser than in 2, the clypeus covered with a
42 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
long, dense, pale yellow pubescence, becoming whitish about base of antenne ; flagellum ferruginous beyond the first joint, which is less than. half as long as second, the median ones twice as long as broad; meso- thorax more finely and sparsely punctured, a large, shining, impunctate discal space with scattered punctures laterally; legs shining black except for the ferruginous tarsi and posterior knees; abdomen slender, its first segment very polished and shiny, practically impunctate, with long pale hairs, especially basally, following segments duller, indistinctly punctured, segments 1-6 with rather narrow and loose fasciz of yellowish white
pubescence continued very narrowly on venter, sparse, very short, pale hairs between, apex practically nude.
Types.— Lincoln, Nebraska, July, 9, ¢.
This species flies at Lincoln in July and early August, visiting the flowers of Solidago Miussouriensts. Its nearest ally seems to be C. Wilmatte, Ckll., which is an oligotropic visitor of Petalostemon, and which flles at the same time; it is readily distinguished from that species by smaller size, dark legs, normal thoracic pubescence, etc.
Colletes ochraceus, n. sp.—Q. Near to C. solidaginis, but easily distinguished from that species as follows: Larger,length 11 mm. Clypeus distinctly sulcate medially, especially towards the apex, and more coarsely punctured. Antenne rather shorter and heavier, wholly black. Vertex with a few large punctures scattered on a minutely punctured surface. Pubescence of thoracic dorsum only slightly tinged with fulvous. Enclos- ure extremely small, its bowl shining but very small and _ irregularly roughened, the neck long and narrow. Sides of posterior face of meta- thorax strongly and rather closely punctured, the pubescence yellowish white. Nervures and stigma yellowish brown. Legs black, with silvery pubescence, the pectination of the hind spur very distinct, with about a dozen teeth.
Type.—Southern California (D. A. Saunders), one 2 specimen.
Colletes rufithorax,n.sp.— 9. Length 14-15 mm. _ Differs from C. thoracicus as follows: Clypeus more coarsely and striately punctured, especially apically, vertex with punctures of two conspicuously distinct sizes; punctures on cheeks coarse and well separated on a finely striate surface ; joint 3 of antennz = 4; malar space slightly longer ; wings heavily clouded, nervures fusco-ferruginous ; pubescence of face above clypeus strongly tinged with orange, that on thorax above brighter, more rusty red ;
>
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 43
outer surface of posterior tibiz with black hairs among the longer pale ones ; abdominal fasciz thinner.
3. Length ro-12 mm. _Distinguishable from the ¢ of thoracicus by its larger size; much heavier and broader head; longer malar space, two- thirds as long as broad ; shorter antenne, falling short of metathoracic trun- cation, and with joint 3 one-half as long as 4; legs much less polished ; ab- domen with basal segments less regularly and more coarsely punctured, the second segment only a little more finely punctured, the fascie narrower, looser, more grayish.
One aberrant female from Clementon is only 12 mm. long, has rather clearer wings and a narrower, more polished abdomen. I do not, how- ever, regard it as distinct.
Types.—6 9 9,76 6, all taken by Mr. H. L. Viereck in New Jersey, as follows: Ocean City, June 19, tg01, 12 onwild cherry and 2¢ ¢ on poison ivy ; Avalon, June oth, 3 @ 9; Westville, June 15th, 1 2; Clem- enton, May 9, 1899, 1 ¢6, June 2, 1901, on sand myrtle, 1 9, May 14, Igo1, on sand myrtle, 1 ¢, May 17, 1901, 2 ¢ ¢; Mamuskin, May, 10, 1903, 1¢. I have also two ¢ ¢, taken by Rev. Birkmann at Fedor, Texas, April 19, 1902, and March 21, 1904, and a g from Anglesea, N. J., May 28, 1905. (E. Daecke.) Probably a species characteristic of the Austroriparian life zone.
Colletes pulcher, n. sp.— g. Length 14 mm. With a general resem- blance to C. thoracicus &, but very much larger ; clypeus coarsely striato- punctate, covered with a dense beard of silky, yellowish white hair, that above clypeus dense, erect and strongly tinged with orange ; vertex with sides depressed, finely, densely punctured, except on a narrow subimpunc- tate spot contiguous to lateral ocelli ; face coarsely punctured ; cheeks with coarse, close, rather indistinct punctures ; malar space striate, two-thirds as long as broad ; antenne heavy, reaching well beyond tegule ; joint 3 one-half as long as four; thorax sculptured essentially as in ¢horacicus ; pubescence of thorax above bright rusty red, that down sides of metathorax pale orange, that on pleura, legs and below grayish-white ; wings hyaline, well clouded apically, nervures reddish-brown ; spurs yeliowish, the outer one finely but very distinctly pectinate; abdomen polished, elongate oval, first segment with small, distinct, well-separated punctures and sparse long grayish pubescence, denser laterally, second and third segments punctured
44 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
much like first, but more closely and less distinctly so, following segments indistinctly punctured ; apical margins of segments 1-3 slightly depressed laterally, of segments 1-5 with narrow grayish-white fasciz, interrupted medially on 1, and continued as fringes on venter; segments 4-7 with elongated white bristles on margins.
Type.—One ¢, Fedor, Texas, March 19, 1904 (Birkmann). A very
distinct and exceedingly handsome species. Colletes brachycerus, new name.
Colletes brevicornis, Perez (Actes. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, Vol. 58, p. CCXXVl, 1903), Is preoccupied by a North American species, C. drevicoruis, Robertson (Trans. Acad. Sci., St. Louis, Vol. VII., p. 315-316, 1897). The above name is, therefore, proposed for the European species.
GUESTS OF SPITTLE-INSECTS.
Insects of the family Cercopide, genus Clastoptera or one closely allied, were very common in this region last summer, and the masses of froth in which the clumsy larvee splash their way to maturity and activity were everywhere in evidence on the twigs and leaves of the wild hazel, especially where this bush fringed the timber. |
One hot July day, while annoying some of these semi-amphibious in- fants by poking into their unpleasant habitations, I noticed some small dipterous larve that were apparently enjoying life under the same condi- tions as the hemipter that built the foam. These flies were evidently abie to go through the life-cycle among the bubbles, for their little brown pupz were there, glued fast to the leaves by the drying of the froth. When taken home and reared they proved to be of the species Drosophila sigmoides, Loew, mentioned in Aldrich’s Catalogue of the Diptera as occurring in Texas, and collected here in Minnesota possibly for the first time.
The froth mass seemed to afford ample room for the owner and its uninvited guests, and possibly neither knew that the other was there. Even if a predatory wasp should carry off the Cercopid there would prob- ably be enough dampness remaining to enable the flies to reach maturity among the exuviz of the host, with the possible aid of the dew and rain
to keep them moist. C. N. ArnsuigE, Rochester, Minn.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 45
PRELIMINARY LIST OF THE MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA OF AL BERRA. N2Wors
BY F. H. WOLLEY DOD, MILLARVILLE, ALBERTA. (Continued from Vol. XXXVII, page 252.) 408. Autographa Sackeni, Grt.—Rare. A ¢ and two ? ¢ are
labelled July rath to 25th, taken in different years. At light, and flying in sunshine. The ¢ bears Dr. Ottolengui’s label. As a matter of fact, this and the preceding species were returned to me bearing the wrong labels. The error was quite obvious from the figs. in Dr. Ottolengui’s paper, so I reversed them. His letter to me at the same time convinced me as to the lapsus. A g which hatched out on July 23rd, 1902, from a larva found feeding on Potentilla fruticosa a few weeks previously, has a broader black border on secondaries, and differs slightly in the sign, but otherwise looks the same.
409. A. Snowi, Hy. Edw,—I have three specimens dated July rst to 12th, from the “‘Billing’s Mill” locality, where it seems to fly in com- pany with Syzgrapha ignea, but in fewer numbers. I never took the species until 1903. Dr. Dyar gave me the name. Closely allied to the preceding species, and similar in pattern. Comparing them, Dr.- Otto- lengui says in his paper concerning Szow7z: “It is smaller, the apex of the wing is much less produced than in Sackeni and the colour is different. As words do not adequately describe colour, let me resort to comparisons: The colour scheme of Snow is the same as in szmp/ex, the browns and reds being identical in shade. The coloration of Sackezz is nearer to, but not exactly the same as amp/a.......A spot at the base of the costa is orange in Sow; it is more sagittate in shape and very pale yellowish in Sackent.” In my specimens Szowz has a dark apical shade, which Sackent jacks. Both are figured in Dr. Ottolengui’s paper.
410. Syngrapha devergens, Hbn.—A splendid specimen from Mr. Bean, taken at the station level at Laggan about twelve years ago, was so named for me by Dr. Ottolengui, but is not now in my collection. Mr. Bean gave me to understand that it was common at Laggan. I have a badly-rubbed specimen of the same species taken close to the station there on July 17th, 1904, by Mrs. Nicholl. It bears some resemblance toa miniature 7gzea, but though the differences are obvious enough between good specimens, it is no use my trying to locate them with only one very bad specimen of devergens at haud. It is not in the least like Dr. Hol-
land’s figure of the species, which bears a suspicious resemblance to Dr. - February, 1906.
46 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Ottolengui’s fig. of pavr/7s. In his paper Dr. Ottolengui mentions a/ticola as occurring in the Northwest Territories and suggests that it may ulti- mately prove distinct from devergens of Labrador. In a/tico/a 1 fancy he refers to the species he labeled avergens for me.
411. S. 7gnea, Grt.—Rather rare as a rule here on Pine Creek, but comparatively common in 1903. It seems more common westward, and I have it from well into the foothills. A day-flier, but also comes to light. Dr. Ottolengui has several specimens from here, and gives me the name. I quite fail to distinguish Dr. Holland’s fig. of Hochenwarthii from this species, except that it is a little smaller than any of my speci- mens. End June and July.
412. Reabotis immaculalis, Hulst.—A single ¢ from Lethbridge, on July 11th, 1904, by Mr. Willing. It is a most appropriate name, as the specimen is of a quite uniform dirty cream colour on all wings, and bears not the least trace of maculation whatsoever.
413. Lrastria panatela, Smith.—(Psyche, June, 1904, p. 60). Described from three ¢ g and one 2, one male being a co-type in my own collection, taken here at light on June 23rd, 1go1, and the rest from Winnipeg. The type is with Prof. Smith. He remarks under the descrip- tion: ‘“ This is one of the broad winged species, like muscu/osa or includens, and resembles the latter, somewhat, in type of maculation.”
414. Therasea angustipennis, Grt.—Fairly common at light. June and July. One specimen has a distinctly yellowish shading on the costa, and otherwise differing slightly from the rest of my very short series, may really be favicosta, Smith. It certainly resembles Dr. Holland’s figure of that species, but I dare not separate on the one specimen.
415. Fruva fasciatella, Grt.—Rare. I have four specimens dated from June 7th to Aug. 5th. It varies from dull smoky to creamy-white. A smoky specimen is labelled “June 7th, sunshine,” and a white one “Aug. 5th, light.”
416. Spragueta tortricina, Zell.—A single specimen dated June 18th, 1903, nas been so named by Prof. Smith, The primaries are ochre yellow, and it is almost certainly distinct from the preceding, notwith- standing the names are referred to one species in Dyar’s list.
417. Drasteria erechtea, Cram.—Not common. Some years very scarce. Middle July and August. Treacle and light. Does not habitually fly in daytime.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 47
418. D. crassiuscula, Haw.—A Q, in fair condition, taken flying in daytime near the Red Deer River, 50 miles north-east of Gleichen, on July 5th, 1904, is without much doubt this species. A ¢, taken at the same time and place, is probably the same. I certainly have no females from nearer to Calgary, but cannot be quite so positive about males.
419. D. distincta, Neum.—Very common. Middle May and June. Good specimens of both sexes from the above-mentioned Red Deer River locality, dated July 6th and 8th, 1904, do not seem separable from the Calgary form. <A day-flier, rarely coming to light, and still more rarely to treacle. Both sexes are figured from Calgary specimens in CAN. ENT., XXXII, pl. 5, Aug., 1tgoo, but, unfortunately, the figures are not very clear. So far as my own local material is concerned, I am strongly in- clined to let the three names given above stand for these species. I formerly had ¢@ and 9? of erechtea standing respectively as erzchto (crassiuscula) and erechtea, but becoming suspicious from the fact that I only took males of one and females of the other, submitted a series. of both sexes to Prof Smith, which resulted in my placing all my material from south and west of Calgary under erechtea. The receipt, at different times, of various specimens labelled crasszuscuda and erechtea from eastern corre- spondents puzzled me considerably to know how the two were to be distinguished, the more so since, as I now find, the labels were about as often wrong as right. I had never seen Mr. Slingerland’s paper on Drasteria in Insect Life, V, 87 and 88, 1892, of which Dr. Bethune has kindly sent me an extract. The author of that article, it appears, after critically examining a large number of specimens from various localities, became convinced that evechtea and crassiuscu/a were distinct species, about equally common, and that vehrvea and distincta were varieties of the latter. He found an exceptionally striking difference in the ¢ genitalia, and another in the form of 2 abdomen. In 2 erechtea the ventral portion of the seventh abdominal segment is as long as broad, with caudal margin broadly rounded. In @ crasstuscuda it is broader than long, with caudal margin broadly emarginate. In colour and maculation he differentiates them thus . Hrechtea—fore wings above dark or light drab gray (in many females brown or olivaceous) shade, with the two large dark bands always separate, distinct and well defined towards inner margin in ¢ ; in ?, markings always much less distinct, the subapical dentate spots never as distinct as inthe ¢,orasinthe @ of crasstuscula. The males are very
constant. Crasstuscu/a—fore wings above either distinct violaceous, brown, or red shade, with the two large dark bands very variable, often
48 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
shading into ground colour on outer edge, or coalescing near inner margin; all markings, especially subapical dentate spots, equally distinct in both sexes. It is slightly smaller than evechtea, more variable, and marked alike in both sexes. After reading the above I have been able to make
what I believe to be a fairly satisfactory separation of my eastern material upon this basis, and certainly find the form of 2 abdomen a rather striking character, combined with the practical absence of subapical black spots in 2 erechtea. ‘The males are certainly darker, but those of crassiuscula seem to be less gray than in the other species, and in specimens where the two bands are well joined on inner margin so as to form a rude U, the reference to crasstuscula is probably safe. Mr. Slingerland states, how- ever, that “ specimens occur which it is almost impossible to separate by markings alone, and the structural characters must then be resorted to.” In Ent. News, XV, 221, Mr. E. J. Smith states that Dr. Holland’s pl. XXX, fig. 15, is not crassiuscula & , but erechtea. From Mr. Slingerland’s papers I should judge that it might be either, with the probabilities rather in favour of the latter. Fig. 14 is certainly an excellent representation of Calgary 2 erechtea.
I have so far received nothing from the east under the name of distincta, but have males so closely resembling the Calgary form as to make their specific difference very doubtful, and have sent out numbers of local specimens at different times without having the name questioned. But, despite this fact, and that Mr, Slingerland says that crasstuscula 1s “marked alike in both sexes,’ I find more tendency to a sexual colour difference in my eastern series under that name than exists in Calgary distincta, of which the primaries may be best described as ashen-gray. Though the form of 9 abdomen resembles that of crass¢uscula, the males much more nearly approximate those of evechfea. The bands on primaries scarcely seem to show more tendency to join, and with males alone to deal with, and knowing nothing about the different habits of the two in life, I should be almost inclined to look upon them as one seasonally dimorphic species. Dyzstincia averages decidedly smaller, and is usually much grayer, but single specimens are sometimes rather hard to place without the aid of the date label. But the strong colour difference be- tween the sexes of erechfea prevents any real confusion with dstincta. The capture of the above listed typical 9 crassiuscu/a on the Red Deer River, in company with the smaller and quite di-similar Calgary form of distincta, makes it hard for me to accept them as one species.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 49
420. JD. conspicua, Smith. (?= Euclidia annexa, Hy. Edw.) Described from here, and both sexes are figured with the description. The type is at Washington. Notcommon. Middle May to middle June. Exclusively a day-flier. Prof. Smith states, ‘“‘The species is so well
marked that it cannot be mistaken. The maculation of primaries is a reduced copy of evechtea, much more distinct, but in the banded second- aries generic habit is abandoned, and the form is unique.” He well describes the colour of primaries as ‘‘ smoky, overlaid by bluish-white or Pray SGales.4: 3s the markings smoky brown or blackish, contrasting.” There is little difference between the sexes. Dr. Holland’s figure gives an excellent idea of the species. In build it certainly looks like a Drasteria, with 9 abdomen somewhat of the crassiuscu/a form, but the banding of the secondaries, including a conspicuous discal lunule, is almost as much like that of a Syeda. Sir George Hampson has the species from here, and tells me it is identical with the type of Euclidia annexa, Hy. Edw.
421. Lculidia cuspidea, Ubn.—Two specimens. One on Bow River, near mouth of Fish Creek, June 24th, 1894; the other on Red Deer River, about 50 miles north-east of Gleichen, June 20th, rgor. The last mentioned specimen is in my collection. Both were flying in sun- shine. It is probably a prairie species, and hardly extends this far west.
422. Melipotis limbolaris, Geyer.—Have seen it common on the prairie, near the mouth of Fish Creek, on Bow River. I have never seen it in the hills. My specimens from there, two pairs, are dated June 25th to Aug. 4th, 1893 and 1894. Prof. Smith saw a pair of these recently, and returned them to me as this species, which name he had given me for it some years previously. Two pairs from the Red Deer River locality on July sth and 8th, 1904, are probably the same species. The sexual dimorphism is strong, the females having a dull, washed-out appearance. Were the secondaries orange instead of creamy-white, the resemblance of the ¢ would be nearer to divergens or Hudsonica than to “imbolarts of Dr. Holland’s figures. A day-fller. Mr. Gregson records the species from the Lacombe disirict on the authority of Dr. Fletcher.
423. Syneda Athabasca, Neum.—Fairly common some years. June to middle July. A day flier. The form,-of which I have also both sexes from the Red Deer River locality, is like Dr. Holland’s figure, but one Red Deer ¢ and two Laggan (station level) females have orange-tinted secondaries, but do not seem to differ in maculation. These three
50 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
specimens are almost as much like Dr. Holland’s fig. of Ad/eni, but are darker throughout.
424. S. Hudsonica, G. and R.P—A worn ¢ from Pipestone Creek, Laggan, July 16th, 1904, looked to me like a dark suffused variety of what I have listed as AZe/¢potis Zimbolaris, and I placed it in that series. I have received, however, from Dr. Dyar as Hudsonica, a very closely similar 2 from Kaslo, but, unfortunately, also rather worn. In both specimens the primaries are blacker, and secondaries much less orange than in Dr. Holland’s figure.
425. Catocala unijuga, Walk.—Very rare at treacle, and occasionally at rest in daytime, or in houses. My only two specimens are dated Aug. 27th and 2oth.
Var. Fletcheri, Beut.—Named after Dr. James Fletcher. Dr. Fletcher says in Rep. Ent. Soc, ‘Ont., No. 19. pxo4; 196355" mew variety, which was collected by Mr. T. N. Willing, of Regina, when living at Olds, Alta., about 60 miles north of Caigary. Itis like the typical form in markings, but the bands on secondaries, instead of being red, are of a dark yellowish sooty-drab.” I am not sure where the type of this variety is at present.
426. C. briscis, Edw.—Rare. Treacle, in Aug. and Sept., and occasionally at rest in daytime. I have a specimen in whica the basal haif of both primaries and secondaries is almost entirely black.
427. C. relicta, Walk.—I never met with the species until 1904, when three or four fine specimens, including both sexes, turned up at treacle and light on Sept. 3rd and 5th, which agree with a 2 sent, named ‘by Dr. Fletcher, from Ottawa. Mr. Gregson took two specimens at Biackfalds on Sept. 15th and 17th, rgor, which I have seen.
428. Erebus odora, Linn.—One @. Identified by Dr. Fletcher from a coloured drawing made by Miss Moodie, of Calgary, in whose possession I have seen the specimen, and who tells me that it was taken in the town of Calgary in May, 1897. The specimen is badly worn, and is, of course, a migrant.
429. Epizseuxis Americalis, Gn.—Common. Light and _ treacle. End June and July.
430. Lhilometra goasalis,,.\Walk.—Common at light. Also flies in daytime. July.
431. Hypena humuli, Harr.—Very rare. Apparently double brooded. A worn specimen at treacle on Red Deer River, about 55 miles
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 51
north-east of Gleichen, June 21st. Two specimens here on Pine Creek, June 24th and Sept. 18th, 1899, the latter in fine condition. Var. albopunctata, Tep.—A @ in fine condition, Sept. 25th, 1899. THYATIRIDA&. |
432. Habrosyne scripta, Gosse.—Very rare, Three specimens only, in different years, at treacle. Middle June to middle July.
433. Lseudothyatira cymatophoroides, Gn., var. expultrix, Grt.— A 4, in fair condition, at treacle, on July 5th, 1904, is exactly like Dr. Holland’s figure.
434. Bombycia Tearliit, Hy. Edw.—Rare. Middle Aug. to middle Sept. Treacle. The species here is of a smooth ashen gray, almost immaculate except for the double brown t.a. and t.p. lines, and looks quite different from the green and brown zm#frovise sent me by Mr. Hauham from Victoria, B.C., which also seems to be a more heavily built insect.
NOTODONTID#.
435. Melalopha apicalis, Walker.—Rare. I have only taken three specimens, all at rest in daytime in the town of Calgary. June 2nd to roth. I have specimens from Cartwright, Man., and from Chicago, which are rather smaller and darker, but otherwise Jook the same.
436. M. albosigma, Fitch.—Very rare. May 2ist to 31st. Light.
437. AL. Brucet, Hy. Edw.—kKare. May 21st to June 5th. Light. Rather like apica/zs, but differs not only by its darker colour, but also in having the second and third lines entire, and not meeting centrally. In apicalis, the third line springs from the second on the median vein, and is not visible as a separate line above that point.
438. Hypereschra stragula, Grt.—Very rare. June 6th, 1894, June r2th and 24th, 1903. Light.
439. Votodonta simplaria, Graef.—One fine ¢, at light, June 18th, 1goo.
440. Pheosia dimidiata, H.-S.—A @ taken at Olds, Alta., on July 7th, 1898, by Mr. T. N. Willing. Named by Dr. Fletcher.
441. Harpyta scolopendrina, Bdn.—A 4 on May 31st, 1902, and a @ May 11th, 1901. Both at light, and perfect specimens. A @, crippled, bred in early June, 1905, from a pupa found on a fence in Calgary.
442. Hf. (? var.) modesta, Huds.—Two ¢ ¢ anda ?. One ¢ labelled June 21st, and probably taken at light, the other marked “ bred, 1894,” without day or month. The 2 is somewhat crippled and comes
from Mr. Gregson, bearing label ‘‘ June gth, rg02, Blackfalds, Alta., bred.” The names are as quite recently given me by Dr. Dyar. He had some
52 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
years ago called the same ¢ scolopendrina which he now calls modesta and Dr. Ottolengui had called a ¢ of the same species scolopendrina, whilst the same g which Dr. Dyar now calls scolopendrina, Dr. Ottolengui, then named modesta, so I presume that the two forms are not well known. Whatever their correct names may be, I feel certain that my two forms are two species, and told Dr. Dyar so when I sent them. He wrote: ‘‘ They certainly look like distinct species as you have them contrasted.” Briefly described, my sco/opendrina has the ground colour white ; has patches of fulvous scales on patagize, on borders to median band, and anterior to apical patch. The discal spot is narrowly linear, and there are three distinct transverse crenulate lines beyond the cell, the inner one sharply toothed. Expanse, ¢ 42 mm, 2 46 mm. My modesta have the ground colour distinctly tinged with ochreous and lack the patches of fulvous scales. The discal spot is ovate rather than linear, the three transverse lines be- yond the cell are much less distinct, and the inner one is not toothed. Expanse, ¢ ¢ 38 mm., 2? 40 mm. Dr. Holland’s figure of scolopendrina bears:a closer resemblance to this form than my No. 441. z
442a. ff. (? var.) albicoma, Strk.—A @ in fine condition taken at Lethbridge on July 11th, 1904, by Mr. Willing, which I have seen and closely examined. Whilst it is almost exactly like Dr. Holland’s figure of albicoma, | have carefully compared it with my specimens of scolopendrina and modesta, and cannot help thinking that it must be distinct from either, though certainly nearest to scolopendrina. It is whiter than that form, has no fulvous scales, and the black on thorax and abdomen is more confined to the dorsal area. The central band is very narrow, and the line before it is almost entire, instead of composed of mere spots, and the two inner lines of the three beyond the cell are obsolete. With the ex- ception of a transverse shade on the secondaries, the specimen is alto- gether less smoky.
443. Gluphista septentrionalis, Walk.—A ¢ at light, July 5th, 1896.
444. G. Lintneri, Grt.—A 9 at light, May 5th, 1900.
LIPARIDA.
445. Gynephora Rossii, Curt.--Three specimens were bred by Mr. Gregson in 1902 from larve found feeding on ‘‘ cottonwood” ( Populus deltoidea, or P. balsamifera) ifthe Blackfalds district. They all emerged on the same day, June roth, but, unfortunately, two were destroyed. The remaining specimen I have seen, and it was named by Dr. Fletcher. There can be little doubt as to its identity. Mr. Gregson
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 53
tells me that the larvee were very dark brown, with rather short hairs, and that they pupated in the spring after hibernation. He reports the larvee as having been almost abundant during 1rgo03, but says that he failed in an attempt to hibernate some of them.
446. otolophus antigua, Lin.—Very rarely met with, indeed. [| have only two records, both males. One was taken by myself near the mouth of Fish Creek in 1893, and the other by Mr. Hudson, head of Pine Creek, at rest on a binder, Sept. 3rd, 1903. I have not infrequently found empty cocoons, sometimes with hatched ova on them, on trunks of Populus tremuloides, which I believe to have been those of this species.
447. Olene plagiata, Walk.—Ywo fine males. One taken by Mr. Hudson in 1903, labelled (? July 27th), probably at light ; the other July gth, 1904, at light.
448. Malacosoma Americana, Harr.—A single 2, bred on Aug. 6th, 1905, from a larva taken on the Red Deer River, northeast of Gleichen. A large number of larve were collected there during the first week in July by Mr. Hudson and myself, as they appeared obviously to differ from those we were so used to seeing in the Pine Creek district. Owing to an accident only one was brought to maturity. They were found commonly feeding on rose, saskatoon and wolf-willow, but I cannot recollect that we found them on true willow (Sa/zv). They differed from the larva of the following species in the predominance of pale gray mark- ings, especially in the lateral area, at the expense of black and yellow. I refer the species here, though with some doubt, owing to the resemblance of the specimen bred to a series kindly sent me under the name from Toronto by Mr. Gibson.
449. M. fragilis, Stretch. The name was first given me by Prof. Smith, and Dr. Barnes has seen my series and not questioned its correct- ness. I cannot state positively that I have not more than one species in the series, but can draw no line. The males are normally darker than the females, and vary from pale luteous (? var. consfrictina, Neum. and Dyar) to dark red-brown, with luteous transverse lines. ‘The central band is nearly always darker, especially in luteous specimens, and the edges of the band usually darker than the centre. ‘Thus, in luteous specimens the dark edges show up as lines when the luteous lines are dissolved in the pale ground. ‘The lines are generally even. I must admit that I have speci- mens which I can hardly separate from some of my Ontario series of
Americana, which seem to differ mainly in being browner, with less of the reddish tinge. The females show similar variation to the males, but run
54. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
more to luteous and less to red, and the outer line is occasionally crenulate, suggesting Cad/t/ornica, of which, however, I have not seen authentic specimens. In two females no dark colours are on primaries, except the edges of the otherwise concolorous central band, and dark marks on fringes (? var. perlutea, Neum. and Dyar). In some seasons the larvee are very abundant, their nests being especially conspicuous on dwarf species of Sa/ix. They also appear to favour wild gooseberry and rose, but are very rarely found on aspen. The imago comes to light from about the middle of July to the middle of August, though in nothing like the numbers that might be expected from the abundance of the larve. I -cannot see that the form differs, in the imago at any rate, from pluvialis, recorded by Dr. Dyar in the Kootenai list. I have exchanged specimens with Dr. Dyar, and he says of the Calgary form: “More nearly resembles pluvialis than fragilis. Perhaps you are where the two forms run _to- gether.” Some of the species of this genus seem very obscure, and I believe are more distinct in the larval stage. This-I regret that I have not yet closely studied.
450. J. dissteta, Ubn.—Mr. Hudson found a brood feeding on aspen poplar (2. fremuloides) WW 1902, from which seven males and five females were bred, all emerging between July 31st and Aug. 2nd. I came across another brood, also upon aspen, during June of the past year (1905). Beyond these we have never met with the species. Mr. Gregson takes it in the Blackfalds district. Dr. Fletcher, in his report to the Director of Experimental Farms for 1904, states that on July 24st of that year he found two destructive colonies of what he believed to be this species On aspens, near St. Albert, ten or twelve miles north-west of Edmonton. In one case a patch of many acres was infested, and ‘the moths were in thousands, and were just emerging from their cocoons.”
451. Hpicnaptera Americana, Harr.—Rather rare. Middle May to middle June. Light. My only 2 was bred from a larva found full-grown. { did not discover the food plant, but believe it to have been Amelanchier alnifolia, here known as Saskatoon. Rev. G. W. Taylor, of Wellington, B. C., tells me that he has often reared it on alder, but here that is far more locals than the moth.
Var. ferruginea, Pack. One at light, April 26th, 1894, nearly three weeks earlier than my next earliest record for the species. ‘The specimen is almost unicolorous rusty-red, withno gray shades or powdering at all,
(To be continued. )
or
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 5
RECORDS IN ORTHOPTERA FROM THE CANADIAN NORTHWEST. BY E. M. WALKER, B.A., M.B., TORONTO.
The following list of Orthoptera chiefly comprises the species taken by the writer during a month’s. trip to the Canadian Pacific Coast in 1897. But few stops were made, most of the specimens being taken at the various “stations along the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Asa rule, but a few minutes to half an hour were spent at each stopping place, but in Manitoba and British Columbia longer periods were spent, and better opportunities were to be had for collecting.
The list also contains the names of a few specimens taken by Dr. Fletcher in British Columbia and Manitoba during Igor.
Very few specimens other than Acridiide were taken, as the writer was at that time inexperienced in collecting the Gryllida and Locustide. The species taken in Ontario are omitted, as they have already been recorded elsewhere.
‘el
1. Blattella germania, Steph.—One female, Agassiz, B. C., Sept. 9, 1897. 2. Tet'tx granulatus, Kirby.—Agassiz, B. C., Sept. 9, 1897, 2 males, 1 female ; Winnipeg, Man., Sept. 20, 1897, 1 female. 3. Tettix Hancocki, Morse.—Sidney, Man., Aug. 29, 1897, 1 female. 4. Amphitornus bicolor, Tnom.—Vernon, B. C., Sept. 10, 1897. females. 5. Chloealtis abdominalis, Thom.—Banff, Alta., Aug. 31,Sept.1, 1897, 2 males, 2 females; between Carberry and Neepawa, Man., Sept. 22
lo
3 females.
6. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Harr.—Brandon, Man., Aug. 29, 1897; Swift Current, Assa., Sept. 20 ; Banff, Alta., Sept. 1 ; Sandon, B. C., Sept. 16.2 Vernon, b.- Ce Sept “10.
7. Gomphocerus clavatus, Vhom.—Near Waldeck, Assa., Aug, 30, 1897, 1 male ; Pasqua, Assa., Aug. 30, t male, 1 female.
8. Mezostethus gracilis, Scadd.— Winnipeg, Man., Sept. 20, 1897, 2 males. 7
9 Arphia pseudomitana, Vhom.—Brandon, Man., Sept. 23, 1897 ; between Souris and Boissevain, Man., Sept. 24; between Carberry and Rccnay, Sept. 22; Maple Creek, Assa., Sept. 20; Heibert, Assa., Aug. 30; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30; near Gull Lake, Assa.,Aug. 30; Vernon, B. C., Sept. fou Victoria, b- Cz: Sept..8:
February, 1906
56 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
10. Lucoptolophus parvus, Scudd.-—Near Waldeck, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897, 1 male, 1 female ; Swift Current, Assa., Sept. 2c, 1 male ; Pasqua, Assa., Aug. 30, t male
11. Camnula pellucida, Scudd.— Portage la Prairie, Man., Aug. 29, 1897; Plum Coulee, Man, July 3, 1901 (Fletcher); Brandon, Man., Aug. 29; Indian Head, Assa, Aug. 30; Canmore, Alta, Aug. 31; Kananaskis, Alta., Aug. 31 ; Discovery Bay, Vancouver Id., B. C., Sept. 6.
12. fippiscus Californicus, Scudd.—Vernon, B. C., Sept. 10, 2 males, 4 females. These specimens vary considerably in markings. One of the males and one of the females lack the yellowish stripe along the
dorsal surface of the tegm‘na.
13. ?ippiscus sapoterus, Sauss.—I have 1 female labelled Man., 1880, from Dr. Brodie’s collection. Dr. Scudder writes that he has a specimen from Mil Valley, Man., Aug. 10, 1g00.
14. Dissosteira Carolina, 1..-—Vernon, Sept. to, 1 male, 1 female. The female is an extremely jarger example, much larger than any I have
seen from the east. Ordinary examples were common elsewhere in B. C.
15. Spharagemon collare, Scudd.— Between Souris and Boissevain, Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ; near Brandon, Man., Sept. 23 ; Rush Lake, Assa., Aug. 30; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30; Morse, Assa,, Sept. 20; Chaplin, Assa.; Sept: 20; Purkbegs,;. Assa,, Aug. 30, Sept. 20. — This:usta vem common species on the prairies, especially on the semi-arid parts. It shows great variation in colour and markings, and in the height of the median carine of the pronotum, but all the specimens seem to belong to the typical race co//are. Most of the Assiniboia specimens are collared, but many of the Manitoba ones iack this feature and are more uniform in coloration. The median carina is generally lower. The Manitoba specimens were taken, as a rule, on sandy prairies ; those from Assiniboia everywhere in the semiarid country.
16. Metator pardalinum, Sauss.(?)—Near Waldeck, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897, t male. This is a yellow-winged specimen, and is probably the same as MJestobregma maculosum, Sauss., which is reported from Alberta.
17. Mestobregma Kiowa, Tiiom.—Between Souris and Boissevain, Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ; 10 miles north of Brandon, Man., Sept. 23 ; Morse, Assa., Sept.. 20;. M@ose Jaw, Assa., “Aug. -305 <Indian Head, sAssaz Aug. 29.
18. Cvnozoxr Wallula, Scudi—-Vernon, B. C., S2pt..ro, 2 males,
1 female,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 57
er TT
19. Zrimerotropis caeruleipes, Bruner ?—-Nanaimo, B.C., Sept. 7, 1897; Duncan’s, Vancouver Id., B.C., Sept. 7 ; Discovery Id., near Victoria, B. C., Sept. 6.
This is a very common insect on Vancouver Id., but I did not meet with it elsewhere.
20. Trimerotropis monticola, Sauss.—Near Waldeck, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30; Morse, Assa., Sept. 20; near Gull Lake, Assa., Aug. 30; Vernon, B. C., Sept. ro.
Very common on the semi-arid parts of the Great Plains, associated with and closely resembling the collared variety of Spharagemon collare.
21. Zrimerotropis Bruneri, McNeill.—Swift Current, Assa., Sept. 20, 1897, 1 male. .
22. Zrimerotropis longicornis, Walk.—Vernon, B. C., Sept. to, 1897, 2 males.
23. Zrimerotropis vinculata, Scudd.—Revelstoke, B. C., Sept. 17, reo7 >) Vernon, B.C. Sept:10 5 Agassiz; Be C., Sepky 9:
24. Trimerotropis sordida, WWalk.—Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897 ; near Waldeck, Assa., Aug. 30; Morse, Assa., Sept. 20.
25. Circotettix suffusus, Scudd.—Donald, Bb. C., Sept. 3, 18, 1897 ; Revelstoke, B. C., Sept..11 ; Rossland, B. C., Sept..12 ; Robson, B. C., Sept. 12 > Vernon, 6 C.Sept-- 10 ; Agassiz, B:-C., Sept. 8; Diseevery Id:; near Victoria, B.C Sept. 5:
Very common on rocky and sandy places in B. C.; quite similar in habitat, flight and stridulation to C. verruculatus, Kirby.
26. Crreotettix lobatus, Sauss.—Vernon, B. C., Sept. 10, 1897, 3 males. 1 female. A rare species, not known before from Canada. It makes a very loud but less harsh sound than C. su/fusus and verruculatus. They were taken in company with a number of other Oedipodine from the low, barren, semi-arid hills of the Okanagan district.
27. Circotettix carlinianus, ‘Yhom.—Pasqua, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897, 1 female.
28. Ffodisma Dodget, Tnom.? 1897, 1 female.
This specimen is considerably smaller than typical Dodgez, and is somewhat differently marked. It is quite likely a new species.
29. Melanoplus Alaskanus, Scudd.pR—Vernon, B. C., Sept. to, 1897, t male. This-specimen was sent to Mr. Scudder, who wrote me that it was either A/uskanus or a new species near it. The subgenital
Laggan, Alta., 7,000 ft., Sept. rg,
ats) THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
plate is very long—longer than that of the specimen of A/askanus figured in Scudder’s Revision of the Melanopli.
30. Melanoplus affinis, Scadd.—Vernon, B. C., Aug. 23, 1g90t, 1 female (Fletcher); Nicola Valley, B. C., Aug. 20, 1901, 2 males, 2 females (I letcher).
31. Melanoplus bilituratus, Walk.—Donald, B. C., Sept. 3, 1897 ; Vernon, B. C., Sept... 10; Discovery Id., near Victoria, B. C., Sept. 6; Duncan’s, : Nanaimo: ‘and’Riddell,. Vancouver 1d 0 Be Cy Septangs Kelowna, B. C., Aug. 23, 1901 (Fletcher).
Extremely common on the Pacific Slope, where it seems to be the most abundant grasshopper.
32. Melanoplus atlanis, Riley.—Near Rosebank, Man., July 4, 1901 (Fletcher) ; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897; Parkbeg, Assa., Aug. 203. Kananaskis; Alta., Aug. 31 ; Banff, Alta., Sept «1 3 Agassiz, «bey Sept..g ; Vernon, Aug. 23, 190%, 1 male, very large (Fletcher) ; Sept. 10, two females, very large.
The large specimens from Vernon may possibly belong to another species, but I can find no structural differences from a¢/amzs.
33. IMelanoplus spretus, Uhler.—Between Brandon and _ Souris, Man., Sept. 23, 1897, 2 males; near Rosebank, Man., July 4, 1go1, - numerous mature specimens and a few nymphs (Fletcher).
34. Melanoplus Dawsoni, Scadd.— Between Souris and Boissevain, . Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ; between Carberry and Neepawa, Man., Sept. 22 ; Brandon, Man., Aug. 29; Carberry, Man., Aug. 29 ; Portage la Prairie, Man., Aug. 29 ; Bergin, Man., Aug. 29 ; between Chaplin and Parkbeg, GSA; SED 20, Lag 7
One of the common grasshoppers of the prairies.
35. Melanoplus fasciatus, Walk.—PBanff, Alta., Sept. 1, 2, 1897. Rather common in open woods.
30. Melanoplus femur-rubrum, DeG —Portage la Prairie, Man., Aug. 29, one male; Brandon, Man., Aug. 29, one male, one female ; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30, one male; near Waldéck, Assa., Aug. 30, one male ; Agassiz, B.C., Sept. 8.
All the specimens from the Plains, 1.e., all but the one from Agassiz, are of small size. ;
37. Melanoplus extremus, Walk.—Plum Coulee, Man.. July 3, 1901, one male, short-winged (J. Fletcher). . 38. Melanoplus compactus, Scudd.-—Between Carberry and Neepawa, Man., Sept. 22, 1897, two males, three females.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 59
39. Melanoplus Packardit, Scudd.— Nicola Valley, B.C., Aug. 20, 1gor, one male (Fletcher).
40. Melanoplus infantilis, Scudd.— Between Souris and Boissevain, Man., Sept. 24, 1897; near Brandon, Man, Sept. 23 ; between Chaplin and Parkbeg, Assa., Sept. 20, 1897 ; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30 ; Indian Head, Assa., Aug. 29 ; near Waldeck, Assa., Aug 30.
Very common on the simi-arid plains of Assiniboia.
41. Melanoplus luridus, Dodge-—Near Rosebank, Man., July 4, Igor, one female (Fletcher). Between Brandon and Souris, Man., Sept. 23, 1897, one female ; ro miles north of Brandon, Sept. 23, one female.
42. Melanoplus bivittatus, Say.—Near Rosebank, Man., July 4, Igor, one male (Fletcher) ; Rush Lake, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897, one female ; Vernon, B.C., Sept. to, one female. These all have glaucous hind tibie.
43. Asemoplus montanus, Bruner.—Vernon, B.C., Sept. ro, 1897, one female ; probably this species, according to Dr. Scudder. It was taken in a small low wood of poplar, Douglas fir, etc., surrounded by dry barren hills.
44. Asemoplus nudus, Walk.—Sandon, B.C., Sept. 16, 1897, two males, one female ; Laggan, Alta., Sept. 19, one male, four females.
45. Scudderia furcata, Brunn.—Agassiz, B.C., Sept. 9, 1897, common.
46. Niphidium fasciatum, DeG.— Boissevain, Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ; Agassiz, B.C., Sept. 9.
47. Cyphoderris monstrosa, Scudd.—Banff, Alta., Sept. 2, 1897, two males (one immature). ‘The mature male was found dead, but fresh, lying in a pool of water from a hot sulphur spring on the side of Sulphur Mountain. The other was found under a stone close to the same pool.
48. NMemobius fasciatus, Scudd.—Var. abortivus, Cand.—Common everywhere on the prairies—Man., Assa., Alta.
49. Gryllus abbreviatus, Serv.—Near Victoria, B.C., Sept. 6, 1897, three males. ‘hese appear to be typical adbreviatus, although this species is not recorded from the Pacific coast. Unfortunately no females were taken.
Ata meeting of the Mount Royal Entomological Club, held on the 16th Dec. last, Mr. G. R. Southee reported the capture of Sphinx lusct- tiosa, Clemens, at Montreal, on July 3rd and 17th last. ‘This moth has always been very rare in that locality and its capture was a surprise to several of the Montreal collectors.—G. CHaAGNON,
60 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
_————— - Se —- —~—~ ———— - ee ——————
FIVE NEW CULICIDA FROM THE WEST INDIES. BY D. W. COQUILLETT, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Stegomyia mediovittata, n. sp.—Proboscis black, unmarked, palpi black scaled, in the male the bases of the joints white scaled, in the female only the apices of the joints are white ; inner side of first antennal joint white scaled, scales of occiput black, a median line of white ones, those on the sides yellow and white. Thorax brown scaled, a median line of white ones, which is divided into two branches on the posterior fifth of the mesonotum ; on either side of this line is a stripe of dark brown scales, followed by a line of light yellow scales, which become whitish on the posterior portion of the mesonotum ; a broadly interrupted line of white scales midway between this iine and the insertion of the wing, and a similar line just above this insertion, a spot of white scales on the humerus, and several similar spots on the pleura; scutellum with a spot of white scales on each of its three lobes. Abdomen biack scaled, with a bluish reflection, a spot of white ones near base of sides of the last four segments, and a few white scales at apex of the last segment. Legs black scaled, a line of white ones on anterior and posterior sides of each femur, a spot above middle of anterior side of each tibia, the base of the first two joints of the front and middle tarsi and the base of each joint of the hind ones white scaled; tarsal claws of the female simple, those of the front and middle tarsi of the male with one tooth under one of the claws, none under the other, claws of the hind tarsi simple. Wings hyaline, the scales black. Length about 3 mm.
San Domingo, West Indies. Thirty-four specimens, collected by Mr. August Busck. Type No. 9138, U. S. National Museum.
Stegomyla Busckit, n. sp.—Proboscis and palpi wholly black, no white scales on the first antennal joints, scales of occiput brown, a median stripe of yellow ones, changing to white anteriorly, the sides of occiput bordered with white ones, the lower half largely yellow scaled. Thorax brown scaled, a median pair of widely-separated yellow scaled lines on the anterior three-fourths of the mesonotum, and between each of these and the adjacent wing is a line of similar scales on the posterior half, an interrupted line of white scales toward the sides of the mesonotum, and several spots on the pleura ; scutellum brown scaled, and with a median stripe of white ones. Abdomen black scaled, with a tinge of bronze ; venter yellow scaled, and with a lateral spot of white scales on the last three segments. Legs black scaled, those on under side of femora pale
February, 1906.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 61
yellow, a dot of white scales at apex of each femur and tibia, bases of first three joints of the hind tarsi white scaled; tarsal claws in both sexes as in mediovititata. Length about 3 mm.
San Domingo, West Indies. A female and two males, collected by Mr. August Busck, after whom this handsome species is named. Type No. 9139, U. S. National Museum.
Teniorhynchus palliatus, n. sp.—Proboscis wholly black scaled, palpi mixed black and yellow, occiput and mesonotum golden-yellow scaled, a large spot on posterior half of mesonotum almost devoid of
scales (rubbed ?), pleura with several spots of whitish ones. Abdomen bieck scaled, with a strong tinge of purple, a spot of yeliow scales at bases of the third and fourth segments, and of white ones at base of each of the following three segments, a patch of white scales in the outer front angles of each segment ; venter black scaled, and with a median stripe of yellow ones on the first four segments. Legs biack scaled, those on the under side of each femur yellow ; a spot of white scales at apex of each femur ; base of first joint of each tarsus white scaled; tarsal claws simple. Wings hyaline, scales brown, narrow-lanceolate and linear intermixed. Length about 3 mm.
Trinidad, West Indies. A female collected by Mr. F. W. Urich. Type No. gr4o, U. S. National Museum.
. Melanoconion Urichit, n. sp.—Proboscis and palpi black scaled, occiput yellow scaled. ‘Thorax thinly black scaled, the median part of the posterior half chiefly yellow scaled, the bristles on this part and on the scutellum yellow. Abdomen black scaled, the venter with a row of large violet spots on either side of segments from tio to six, the middle of the venter golden-yellow scaled except on the narrow hind inargins of the last four segments. Legs black scaled, with a purplish tinge, the under side of the femora, at least basally, yellow scaied, a large patch of violet scales before the apex of the front side of each femur, fourth joint of hind
tarsi white scaled (the fifth is wanting); tarsal claws simple. Wings hyaline, somewhat smoky along the costa, the scales black; with a purplish tinge, those in outer half of wings rather broad, oblanceolate. Length about 4 mm.
Trinidad, West Indies. A female specimen collected by Mr. F. W. Urich, after whom this fine species is named. Type No. gr41, U.S. National Museum,
62 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Verrallina insolita, n. sp.—Proboscis and palpi black scaled, occiput white scaled around the edge, yellow scaled in the centre, and with a pair of black scaled spots on the upper half. Thorax black scaled in the middle, the sides in front of the wings broadly, and spots on the pleura, white scaled. Abdomen black scaled, with a tinge of purple, middle of venter, except on the broad apices of the last four segments, white scaled. extending outwardly considerably on these segments. Legs black scaled, the under side of the front and middle femora towards the base, and the whole of the hind femora except the base and a broad band beyond the middle, white scaled ; narrow bases of first three joints of the front and middle tarsi, both ends of the first joint and base of the second joint of the hind tarsi white scaled ; claws of the front and middle tarsi toothed, those of the hind ones simple. Wings hyaline, the scales brown. Length nearly 4 mm.
Trinidad, West Indies. A female collected by Mr. F. W. Urich. Type No. 9142, U.S. National Museum.
A NEW LASIOCAMPID FROM ARIZONA. BY WILLIAM BARNES, S. B., M. D., DECATUR, ILL.
Eutricha Oweni, n. sp., ¢.—-Expanse, 70 mm. ‘Thorax, abdomen and fore wings reddish-brown, more or less lightened from an admixture of pale gray or whitish scales or hairs. Fore wings crossed by four lines, one at inner fourth dark reddish-brown, accompanied by a pale inner line, almost transverse, only slightly incurved at costa and inner margin. The dark portion of the line is well marked, the paler portion not so distinct. The course of the line is slightly irregular, not perfectly smooth and even. The second line is just beyond the middle of the wing, it is similar to the first, only the pale shade is on the outer side. It is slightly exserted beyond cell, somewhat drawn in at the inner margin and a little wavy at costal end. ‘The space between these two lines is somewhat darker than the rest of the wing. ‘The third line is much fainter than the others, but is rendered more prominent by the contrast between the paler shade of the wing following and the slightly darker shade preceding it, which latter ls, however, a trifle paler than the median space. The fourth or sub- terminal line is irregular and broken into short intravenular dots and bars,
February, 1906.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 63
which are of a darker colour than any of the other markings. The wing following this line is somewhat darker than the portion preceding it. The veins of about the outer half of the wings are paler than the interspaces. Outer margin slightly scalloped, fringe concolorous. Hind wings of uniform reddish-brown, darker than fore wings. Fringe whitish at extreme edge. Outer margin quite distinctly scalloped.
Beneath the fore wings are of about the same shade as the hind wings above, while the hind wings beneath almost match the fore wings above in colour. The fore wings are somewhat washed with gray towards apex and outer margin. A double outer line more or less in evidence, the inner of the two, on hind wings, being well marked, the outer one much fainter. On fore wings both lines are quite faint, though easily traceable. Antenne brown, quite broadly bipectinate to tip.
@. Expanse, 92 mm. Compared with the ¢, the wings are much more distinctly scalloped, the colour of head, thorax and fore wings, while
still somewhat lighter than the hind wings, is not so much mixed with gray, and the pale band preceding the subterminal broken line is much more contrasting, being quite a little paler than the rest of the wing, while the median space is only a shade darker.
The relation of colours of the under side to the upper is the same as. in the ¢, the hind wings, however, being only a trifle lighter than the fore. The transverse lines are less well marked, being scarcely traceable, except toward costa of fore wing.
Types ¢and?. Southern Arizona, August 2tst, Chiricahua Mts.
I take pleasure in naming this beautiful species after Mr. V. W. Owen, of Los Angeles, California, who kindly sent the specimens to me for description. It is congeneric with my Coronada, and from the evident resemblance to figures of various species of /‘utricha, given in the Biol. Cent. Amer., there is no question but that they belong to that genus.
Haticrus PEcosensis.—The type of this new species came from Pecos Canon, N. M., not from Pecos, as stated on page 6.
Mr. W. R. Dewar, a graduate of the Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, has been appointed Entomologist of the Agricultural Department of Cape Colony, South Africa.
64 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
BOOK NOTICE.
THe Burterriies oF THE Wesy Coast oF THe UNITED STATES. — By © William Greenwood Wright. Price, postpaid, $4.35. Published by the author, 445 F. St., San Bernardino, California.
For a score of years Mr. Wright has been known to North American Lepidopterists as a keen and enthuiastic collector of butterflies, and now he has given to the world the results of his labours in the form of this large and handsome volume. It is profusely illustrated with 32 plates in colour photography, containing over goo examples, and depicting all the species of butterflies, except the very commonest, that are found on the Pacific Coast. There is also a portrait of the author as a frontispiece, which forms a welcome addition to the book. One is struck at the first glance with the wealth of species that are unknown to us here, as for example in Parnassius, Anthocharis, Synchloe and Chionobas, and the abundance and variety in Pieris, Colias, Meliteea, Chrysophanus and other genera. For these plates and descriptions alone the book is well worth having, and anyone who exchanges with western collectors will find it most useful as well as delightful; to our friends in British Columbia it is surely indispensable.
The first part of the volume, some thirty pages, is taken up with “General features of Butterfly life,” and contains the author’s views on many points of interest, respecting some of which there is much diversity of opinion, ‘There are also some good hints on collecting and preserving specimens. ‘This is followed by a complete list of the butterflies of the United States, with localities, which will be found of much value. The body of the work consists of notes upon each species and variety taken in the ‘“‘West Coast” region, giving the points of difference between varieties and disputed species, and descriptions of a number of new species. Asa rule the figures on the plates are considered to be sufficient for identifica- tion without Cescription, especially as the upper and under surfaces of both sexes are generally depicted. There are no doubt some instances where the author’s conclusions will not be accepted by others, but we are not competent to offer any opinion upon them. A satisfactory decision can only be arrived at by those who have studied these butterflies in their native haunts and who have reared the varieties for more than one generation. We hope that the book will be in demand all over the Continent, and that the author may not suffer pecuniarily in ‘his enter-
prise ; certainly anyone who procures it cannot fail to be pleased, and it will form an admirable complement to Dr. Holland’s ‘Butterfly Book.”
Mailed February 5th, 1906.
—— See — SS.
VoL. XXXVIIL. LONDON, MARCH, 1906. No. 3
PRACTICAL AND POPULAR ENTOMOLOGY.—No. 11. HousEHOLD INSECTS. BY WM. LOCHHEAD, ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL CCLLEGE, GUELPH.
Who is not interested in the insetis that persist in living in our homes as unwelcome guests? Some of these intruders are blood-thirsty creatures, and torment the bodies of their helpless hosts ; some confine their attentions to the carpets, woollens, and upholstery, and others are partial to the pantry, but all are heartily hated by the industrious housewife. In a short popular article such as this one, only brief notes will be given regarding the habits of some of the most important house insects, and only the best practical treatment will be indicated. The writer would refer those readers who desire to know more about these insects to the Reports of the Ontario Entomological Society, and to the Bulletins of the Bureau of Entomology at Washington.
For convenience of consideration, household insects may be grouped as follows :
1. Those molesting and annoying the inmates of the house: House-flies, Mosquitoes, Fleas, and Bed-bugs.
2. Those injuring the carpets, woollens and upholstery : Carpet- beetles and Clothes-moths.
3. Those feeding on food products in the pantry: Larder-beetles, Ham-mites, Cheese-skippers, Meal-worms, Flour-beetles and Flour-moths, Cockroaches, and House-ants.
Housk-FLigs.—There are several species of these ubiquitous crea- tures. The common House-fly (A/usca domestica) may annoy, but it never bites us. The Stable-fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) is a frequent visitor to our houses, more especially just before rain, and torments us by its sharp bites. Another species is the Blue-bottle or Blow-fly, but the House-fly is by far the most abundant form. The eggs of this species are deposited mainly on horse-manure about stables. A generation occupies from 10 to 14 days, depending on the temperature, the egg stage lasting about 24 hours, the larval or maggot stage from five to seven days, and the pupal stage from five to seven days. As each female lays over 1co eggs, it will
66 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
readily be seen how a few flies wintering over may give rise to millions of flies in late summer.
The prompt treatment of horse-manure with lime in special pits should be insisted upon in towns and cities, but where flies are abundant we must continue to use screens and sticky fly-paper to mitigate the annoyance.
MosquiroEs.— Here again, there are several species. The most common form is perhaps Culex pungens. ‘The eggs are laid on the surface of the standing water of ponds, marshes and rain-barrels ; the wrigglers escape from the eggs in about 24 hours, and transform to pupe in 10 or 12 days, and the adult mosquitoes make their appearance two or three days after, a generation occupying, therefore, 14 to 16 days during warm weather. As in the case of the house fly, the winter is passed in the adult stage. It is now known that one species of mosquito is the cause of mularia and another of yellow-fever.
Careful attention to water-barrels and the drainage of ponds and marshes is absolutely necessary if freedom from mosquito attacks is desired. A little kerosene poured on stagnant water containing wrigglers will kill them.
Fieas.—The most common flea is the Cat- or Dog-flea ( Pulex serraticeps) (Fig: 4)...’ “These are sometimes very abundant in rooms occupied by dogs and cats. The eggs are deposited loosely among the hairs of these animals, and often Crop to the floor or matting, where the larvee develop, especially if the mats are undisturbed and the floors are not swept. Liberal dusting of the infested animals and floors with
ca
pyrethrum insect powder, the re- newal of the mats for the dogs, and the burning of the infested mats, will control fleas.
Bep-pucs.—These disgusting insects (Cimex /ectularia) sometimes get into the houses of the most careful housekeepers, when travellers are entertained. The cheaper hotels in many parts of the west are often badly infested, and the bedrooms have a decided ‘“‘buggy” odour. | These festive insects hide in the daytime in the cracks of the furniture and walls,
Fig. 4.—Flea and its egg, greatly magnified.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 67
but at night they are active. The eggs are white, and are laid in batches in cracks of the woodwork of the room.
Wooden beds should be discarded, and benZine should be carefully applied at intervals to all the crevices, small as well as large.
CARPET-BEETLES.—There are two species, the Buffalo Carpet-beetle (Anthrenus scrophularia) (Fig. 5) and the Black Carpet- beetle ( A+tagenus piceus). The tormer has become very abun- dant in many sections of the province, and con- siderable damage has been reported. The grub, or larva, does the
harm, and is_ readily recognized by the stiff Fig. 5.—Buffalo Carpet-beetle, all stages, much magnified. brown hairs that clothe the body. Its length is about one-quarter inch. Its habit is to cut long slits in the carpet, working along the cracks in the floor.
The adult is a small, rather pretty beetle, about one-fifth of an inch in length. The colour is black, mottled with red and white markings. Many of the adults appear in the fall, and pass the winter as adults, while others appear in the spring. In heated houses the beetles continue to appear throughout the winter. In spring thousands of the beetles may frequently be observed on the blossoms of Spireas and many other plants ; and no doubt many adults fly into houses from these plants through the open windows.
To rid an infested house of these beetles, it is necessary to take up the carpets, thoroughly beat them out of doors, and to spray them with benzine. The floors. should be swept carefully, the cracks’ dusted out, sprayed with benzine, and filled up with putty or plaster of Paris. Since damage is done mainly along the borders of the rooms, the carpets should be examined from time to time, It is advisable to replace the carpets with rugs, as the latter are easily taken up and beaten.
The Black Carpet-beetle is frequently met with. The larva has a long tuft at the hind end of the body, and is readily distinguished from the Buffalo Carpet-beetle. The adult is a small, oval, black beetle, and has been often noted as a pest in museums and flour-mills, in addition to dwelling-houses.
68 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
The treatment recommended for the control of the Buffalo Carpet- beetle will answer for the Black Carpet-beetle.
CLOTHES-MOTHS.—There are three species that are more or less common, viz., the Case-bearing Clothes-moth ( Zinea pellionella ) (Fig. 6),
C ae
Hy Salt ALU MU Whi “ely Wt ibtbd hij Hif 1) i! f] }
(IRR WERT ES
S ) . _* 4° Ladino’ Penne) Ske
« Fig. 6.—Case-bearing Clothes-moth, much magnified.
the Naked Clothes-moth ( Z7nea diseltiella), and the Tube-building Clothes-moth ( Zinea tapetzed/a). ‘Vhe habits of the larve of these three species are quite characteristic, and their English names, as given above, describe fairly weil their mode of working.
The adults of Clothes-moths are tiny moths, not the large ‘ millers ” that fly into our houses in the summer.
As arule, only those articles of wear are injured that are left undisturbed for a time. Consequently clothes that are hung away in closets should be taken out frequently and beaten and exposed to the air out of doors for a few hours. In the spring winter clothing, furs, blankets, etc., should be well brushed and aired, then stored away in paper bags or other suitable pest-proof boxes, care being taken to close tightly the mouths of the bags by the use of paste.
With upholstery it may be necessary occa- sionally to spray carefully with benzine, and to air for several hours. Fie os telethec cea aime
LARDER-DEETLES.—( Dermestes lardarius ) Seen eae (Fig. 7). ‘These are dark-brown beetles, witha lighter band across the base of the wing-covers. The‘larve are dark,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 69
nairy grubs, about one-third inch long. They are often found in museums, and sometimes overrun pantries and rooms containing meat, cheese and other animal products.
When a room becomes badly infested, it should be cleared of its contents, and thoroughly treated with either benzine spray or the fumes
of carbon bisulphide, when there is no fire or light near. Occasional treatment in this way will keep the room practically free from these dis- agreeable beetles.
CHEESE, HAM AND FLour Mites.—There are two common species of mites infesting the pantry, viz.: Zyroglyphus longior and Tyroglyphus siro. (Fig. 8.) “These pests breed very rapidly, and are especially fond of cheese. They can remain for months in a dormant condition as hard- shelled creatures, and under favourable conditions return to a state of activity. It is believed that it is while they are in this torpid state they are carried to new places and new food supplies.
Complete extermination of these mites is difficult, but if the infested room be thoroughly cleaned, and given a careful fumigation with sulphur or carbon bisulphide, little headway can be made by these creatures. Infested food products should be destroyed when first observed.
FLOUR-BEETLES, FLOUR-MOTHS AND MEAL- WoORMS.—Some Meal-worms are grubs of certain Fig. 8 _Cheese-mite,greatly beetles, while others are caterpillars of certain
earn moths. The most common forms are the Con- fused Flour-beetle ( 77zbolium confusum), the Yellow Meal-worm ( Tenebrio molitor ), the Meal Snout-moth (/yralis farinalts), the Saw- toothed Grain-beetle (S7/vanus surinamensis), and the Cadelle ( Zene- brioides mauritanicus), the last two species being most destructive in
stored grain.
The most effective treatment of flour and meal pests is fumigation with carbon bisulphide. Half a cupful poured into a saucer placed on the top of the flour will suffice for a barrel, if the whole is covered tightly and left for a day ortwo. It must be borne in mind, however, that it is dangerous to bring a light near the vapour of carbon bisulphide, and great care should be exercised. |
70 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Tiny Rep Ants are frequently great nuisances about dwellings. They have ‘ the faculty of getting into articles of food, particularly sugars, syrups, and other sweets.” As they nest in the walls or beneath the flooring, it is sometimes difficult to eradicate them, but even inaccessible nests may be reached by the injection of carbon bisulphide. Sponges saturated with a sugar solution will attract ants by the dozens, and have been used successfully as traps. When full of ants. the sponges. are. dropped into boiling water, and then replaced, and this done until .the colony is exterminated.
ANOTHER GEOMETRID TANGLE. BY RICHARD F. PEARSALL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.
In a paper written not long since (Can. Enr., Vol. XXXVIL.; p. 344) I stated that in examining the type of Dr. Hulst’s genus Talledega (Lobophora montanata, Pack.) the male was possessed of characters which would place it in the genus Lodophora, Curtis, and that in consequence the genus Zad/edega would fall. I did not know then that two species, belonging to different genera, were passing under the name of montanata, Fack., but such is the fact. A/ontanata was described by Dr.. Packard in 1874 from specimens taken in Colorado, and he gives an excellent plate with his redescription of it in Mono. Geom., 1876, pl. 9, fig. 21. With these he mingled specimens from Amherst, Mass., Quebec and Montreal, Can., to which he refers at the close of his description thus: ‘The specimens from Quebec, and Amherst, Mass., differ from the Coloradean examples in being whiter, with less of a flesh-coloured tint, and with the . lines less distinct on the hind wings.” Now, this Eastern form, as he considered it, I take quite frequently in the Catskill Mts., and an exam- ination of it led me to believe Dr. Hulst was in error when he defined the genus Zalledega. This is not the case. TZad/edega stands with the true | montanata, Pack., as its type, and the associated Eastern species goes into the genus Lobophora, Curtis. What species is it? I believe it to be the inegualiata of Packard, described and figured also (Mono. Geom., 1876, p. 180, pl. 9, fig. 20) from a single female, taken by Mr. H. K. Morrison on Long Island, and from that locality I also have one g specimen. The plate is an excellent one of this form, but the type is lost so far as I can discover. It is not in the Packard coll. at Cambridge—but Dr. Hulst has decided that z¢negualiata, Pack., is synonymous with zzzvzgerata, Walk., which, if correct, would make THIS species. the mvigerata, Walk.,
and not the small species from California, one-third less in size and not March, 1906.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 71
corresponding with either plate or description of ¢zeguadiata, now bearing the name of Philopsia nivigerata, so called by Dr. Hulst. I have not found any specimens of the iatter taken outside California. Certainly it could not have been captured on Long Island, nor at St. Martin’s Falls, Hudson’s Bay Terr., whence Walker’s typecame. If I am correct in this (and only by comparison with Walker’s type can this be proven) then our California species has never been named or described. If I am mistaken, then what I call ‘megualiata remains a good species in the genus Lobophora, Curtis.
Through the kindness of Dr. Wm. Barnes, who sent me his material in this group, I have been enabled to reach these premises and others. Among it were specimens of Z. montanata, var. magno/tatoidata, Dyar, so labelled, I think by him, from Arrowhead Lake, Man. In describing it (Proc. U. S. Nat. Museum, Vol. XXVII., p. 889) he says: “It differs from the eastern sontanata in the much darker colours, etc.” Disasso- ciated from the eastern form, which belongs to another genus, and placed with its real relatives from Colorado and California, these contrasts vanish, and, in my opinion, it does not represent even a geographical race. Specimens from Palo Alto, Cal., are darker in colour and the lines more distinct, but in this family such forms appear in every group, and if named at all, should represent a fixed variation, constant in some locality, due to climate or habitat. With these also were specimens of TZad/edega tabulenta, so labelled from Cartwright, Man. His type came from Alert Island, Alaska. These may constitute a good species, but I cannot separate them from our eastern Lobophora, of which | have 18 males and 6 females before me. In any event they belong to the genus Lobophora, the males having hair pencil on hind tibia. There is also a single 9 from Victoria, B. C., which may be the Aijaskan species. The Hulst type is in such poor condition its markings cannot be compared, but a male speci- men is necessary to help settle that point. I would be glad to receive from collectors in Manitoba and B. C. any of this group in both sexes for further study, and I will not confiscate their material without consent. I hope they will second my endeavours to straighten out these complexities, and this is my excuse for presenting some theories now, instead of definite findings later.
It is not impossible that Walker’s type of x/vigerata may be con- specific with the Alaskan, Manitoban or British Columbian species. Who can tell?
(To be continued.)
~I bo
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
GUELPH BRANCH OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO.
The fifth regular meeting of the Guelph Branch was held in the Agricultural College on Wednesday evening, January roth, 1906, with 19 members and 3 visitors in attendance.
Mr. T. J. Moore gave a very interesting talk on the habits and life- histories of several species of Lepidoptera. He exhibited many very fine specimens in different stages of development. __
Mr. D. Jones presented notes on several species of Caddice-flies taken at Guelph in the summer of 1905. One of the species was new to science, and will be described by Mr. Nathan Banks, of Washington.
Mr. G. E. Sanders presented notes on the Cotton moth (A/etia argtllacea) taken at Guelph in the summer of rg905._ It was found after four or five days of strong wind from the south. It has not been known to breed north of the Gu'f States.
Mr. C. R. Klinck presented notes on some Pseudoscorpions he found last summer under a board ina poultry-house. These arachnids feed on small insects and mites.
Prof. Sherman announced to the club that the Kilman collection of beetles and other insects had been purchased by the College.
Mr. M. Baker discussed three greenhouse insects, viz.: White fly, Black aphis and Green aphis. Specimens in all stages of their life-history were exhibited under the microscope for examination by the members. Affected plants were also exhibited, and methods for combating the pests were briefly discussed.
The sixth regular meeting \ was held in the Agricultural College on Wednesday evening, Jan. 24th, with 17 members and two visitors in attendance.
Mr. J. R. Dickson discussed the 17-year Locust. He brought out very many interesting facts about its life-history and habits. This insect has not yet been recorded in Ontario, although quite common in New York and Michigan.
Mr. T. D. Jarvis presented notes on a species of Lecanium attacking, the ironweod. This species is probably more abundant than any other in Ontario. Mr, H. A. Bond presented notes on the Two-spotted Lady-beetle. He found several specimens in the nest of a mud wasp.
A brief review of the current literature was given by Mr. B. Barlow.
T. D. Jarvis, Secretary.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ie
TWO NEW SCALE-INSECTS. BY R. S. WOGLUM, RALEIGH, N. C.
While making a study of the Coccidz representing the genus Aspidiotus (ses. afzss.) in the collection of Cornell University, I found two undescribed species ; both are from the United States. These species are characterized as follows :
Aspidiotus oxycoccus, n. sp. (Fig. 9.)
Scale.--The scale of the female is almost flat, and very variable in shape. It is usually circular, or nearly so, but may be elongate with sides parallel. The scales on the upper surface of the leaves are black ; those on the under surface are dirty gray to dark brown, usually the lighter
Fig. 9.—Aspidiotus oxycoccus—Pygidium and Anal Fringe.
colour. Exuvie are central to sub-central. The younger scales have the exuviz marked by a small brown or blackish nipple-shaped process, which often disappears in the older scales, leaving the yellowish-orange exuvic exposed. The secretion covering the remainder of the exuvie is of a dirty gray colour, and usually presents a marked contrast to that part of the scale immediately surrounding it. The scale of the male is similar to that of the female in size and colour. It is elongate with sides parallel.
female.—The female is dull brown, broadly pyriform, about .47 mm.
- broad by.57 mm. long. The pyg?d:um is furnished with two pairs of lobes. March, 1g06
TA. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
The mesal lobes are the largest, and are parallel, widely separated, broadly notched once on both outer and inner sides, with ends rounded, and slightly narrowed at the base, 10-12 » broad by 12-14 p long. ‘The lobes of the second pair are small, entire or slightly notched on outer side. Incisions are wanting. The p/afes are slightly shorter than the mesal lobes, and are situated as follows: Two between mesa! lobes, two be- tween first and second lobes, 6-8 laterad of second lobe. ‘The inter- lobular plates and the first three laterad of the second lobe are deeply and similarly branched; the remainder are simple or irregularly branched. The sfzues are small, shorter than the lobes. On the dorsal surface they are situated as follows: One at the outer part of the base of the mesal lobes, one at the base of the second lobe, one just beyond third plate laterad of second lobe, one just beyond fringe, and one at the anterior margin of the pygidium. Spines on the ventral surface are similarly situated ; wanting at the mesal lobes.
The spinnerets are in four groups ; anterior laterals g—12, posterior laterals 6-8. The anus is midway between the mesal lobes and the
Fig. 1o.—Aspidiotus pseudospinosus—Pygidium and Anal Fringe.
posterior lateral spinnerets, or about 50 » from the mesal lobes. The vaginal opening is between the posterior lateral spinnerets. The pores are in three rows on either side of pygidium. Dorsal tubular spinnerets are numerous, elongated, about 15-20 on either side of pygidium. The body of the insect is fringed at the sides with small spines.
Habitat.—On Cranberry. Collected by J. B. Smith in 1891.
~
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ie
Aspidiotus pseudospinosus, 0. sp. (Fig. 10 )
Scale.—The scale of the female is circular, or somewhat oval, slightly convex, 1.5—2 mm. in diameter ; covered by a brown fungus.
Female.—The female is brownish-yellow, nearly circular, about .58 mm. broad by .6 mm. long. The pygzdium is furnished with two pairs of lobes. The mesal lobes are large, widely separated (5-6 y), parallel, distinctly notched on both outer and inner sides, rounded at end, about 12-14 » broad by 12-13 » long. Lobes of the second pair are much smaller than the mesal lobes, entire or slightly notched on outer side. Incisions are wanting. Plates are well developed. They are situated as follows: Two between the mesal lobes, two between the first and second
lobes, and six to ten laterad of the second lobe. The interlobular plates and the first three laterad of the second lobe are branched ; the remainder are simple, unbranched. S/cmes are large. On the dorsal surface they are situated as follows: One at the outer side of the base of the mesal lobe, one at the base of the second lobe, one just beyond the third plate laterad of the second lobe, one just beyond the last plate, and one at the anterior border of the pygidium. The first three spines are as long as or longer than the plates. Spines on the ventral surface are similarly situated ; wanting at the mesal lobes. Sfzunerefs are in four groups ; anterior laterals 5-7, posterior laterals 3-6. The anus is large, and situated at the caudal end of the pygidium, about 28-33 » from base of mesal lobes. The vaginal opening is between anterior and _ posterior lateral groups of spinnerets. The ores are large, in two rows on each side of pygidium ; 6-10 pores in each row. Dorsal tubular spinnerets are present, short, irregular, or seldom in two rows on each side, about 15-20 on each side.
This species is closely related to A. sfinosus, Comst., from which it differs mainly by the presence of dorsal tubular spinnerets. The mesal lobes are not prolonged inward as in sfimosus, and are more widely separated (2-3 p in spinosus). ‘The plates also differ.
flabitat.—The specimens were taken from Saw Palmetto, collected in Florida by W. H. Field in 1882, and since have been in the collection of the Entomological Department of Cornell University.
Types of the two above described species are in the Entomological De- partment of Cornell University, and the U. S National Museum.
76 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
NEW LEPIDOPTERA. BY ANDREW GRAY WEEKS, JR., BOSTON.
Adelpha Oronoco, sp., NOV. Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, 1.60 inches.
Head and thorax dark brown above, with a slight white dot at base of each antenna; below nearly white. Palpi black above, white below. Abdomen dark brown above, below nearly white, with a dusting of tawny scales on the last two segments. Antenne dark brown.
The upper side of both wings has the black linings or threads, the brown ground colour, and tawny markings so prevalent in many species of this genus.
Upper side of fore wing rich brown. Hind margin slightly dentated. From the centre of costa a broad tawny band extends downwards to centre of inner margin parallel to hind margin. This band is the prominent feature of the upper surface. The portion of this band in the interspace at the end of the discoidal space suffuses outwards a sixteenth inch towards hind margin. Above the end of this, in apical area, are two tawny spots. These spots might be considered a portion of the band but broken from it by an area of the ground colour. ‘The basal half of the wing, within the tawny band, is rich brown excepting four black lines which cross the discoidal space in pairs, and a slight dash of black close to base. This dash is repeated in less degree in the next lower interspace. The pair of black lines next beyond this dash enclose a small space of dark tawny ; these lines are repeated in the first submedian interspace.
The upper side of lower wing is of the same ground colour, crossed by a very prominent band of white, an extension of the tawny band of the fore wing, and tapering somewhat as it approaches anal angle. The outer edge of this band at its upper portion is lightly dusted with tawny scales. The marginal area outside of this band is rich brown, crossed by three bands or lines of black, parallel to one another and following the dentated contour of the hind margin. ‘They join at the anal angle, where there is a prominent tawny spot. The inner marginal area is of the ground colour.
On the under side of fore wing the tawny band of upper surface 1s nearly white, with suffusions of tawny. The discoidal space is white, crossed by ‘two heavy bands of tawny, edged with black. The costa is tawny. Subcostal space near base is white. The hind margin is slightly edged with black, within which is a tawny marginal band, becoming white in the two lower interspaces. Within this, at the apex, are two indistinct
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. yy:
whitish spots, one below the other, and there are three more prominent white spots in the three lower interspaces. At the apex, nearer the base than these two whitish spots, are two more larger ones, representing the two tawny spots of the upper surface. The general ground colour is blackish, with tawny suffusions.
The markings of under side of hind wing are the same in location and limitation as on the upper surface. The general colouring, however, is much lighter. The white band of upper surface is repeated, showing no suffusion from surrounding areas. Nearer the base is a tawny band running from costa to anal angle. ‘This band is edged with black. Nearer the base is a white band which runs from costa downwards along inner margin, edged with tawny black. The hind marginal area is brown, with a double row of interspacial white lines near the margin, and a band of tawny, edged with black on its basal side, extends from upper angle to analangle, where it meets the tawny band first mentioned. At their junction they broaden somewhat into a bright tawny anal spot.
This species is in the same group as, and resembles closely, A. eéthalia, Feld., and A. thesprotia, Feld.
Mesene Rochestert, sp. nov.
Habitat : Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, .go inch.
Head black. Antenne black, with minute white annulations at base of each joint. Club black, with orange tip. Thorax black above, with orange hairs; beneath grayish. Abdomen orange above, beneath grayish. Legs orange above, beneath grayish.
Upper side of fore wing orange. Hind margin, apical area and costa black. This black border is nearly one’ quarter inch broad, covering more than half the wing area.
Upper side of hind wing orange of same shade as fore wing. The hind margin has a broad black border, the same width as on fore wing. Costa and inner margin are orange.
Under side of fore wing the same as upper surface.
Under side of hind wing the same as upper surface, except that the black border contains two white spots, one near the anal angle, the other midway to upper angle.
Variations.—In the ten specimens in my aulecaa there is scarcely any variation in the width or density of the black border. In some specimens the fore wing has a white spot at the inner edge of the hind marginal black border midway from apex to lower angle. The two white
78 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
spots on under side of hind wing sometimes show on the upper surface. There is also a third spot between them. It is quite probable that in a large series of specimens these white spots would vary in number and development.
It bears a close resemblance to J/. celefec, Bates, the black border being, however, much broader.
Nymphidium Llaket, sp. nov.
Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, f.00 inch.
Head, thorax and abdomen above black, beneath white. Antennze black, with white annulations at base of each joint. Club black above, white beneath. Legs white.
Fore wing above white, excepting costa, apex and hind margin. Costa black. Apical area black. Hind margin black, with a white thread just within the margin. Within this thread is a series of interspacial semicircles of white, which, with the white marginal thread, gives the appearance of a series of interspacial white circles extending from apex to lower angle. At the extreme edge of the hind margin, just below the apex, is a white dot, and another opposite the end of the first submedian interspace.
Upper side of hind wing the same as fore wing, except that the costa is white, and the two hind marginal spots are absent.
The black hind marginal border of both wings, and the black costal border of fore wing, are one-sixteenth inch wide.
Under side of fore wing is the same as upder surface, except that the two hind marginal white spots are more prominent, and there is a third one at the end of the lowest submedian interspace.
The under side of hind wing is the same as upper surface, except that the three hind marginal spots of the under side of fore wing are repeated.
This species is not in the larger collections of this country, nor in the 3ritish Museum.
Taken in September, 1899.
Ithomia Drogheda, sp. nov. Habitat : Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, 2.50 inches. Head black, with a white circle around the eyes. Antenne black. Club tawny. Thorax above black, with a prominent lemon-yellow spot at the junction with the costa of fore wings; beneath lemon-yellow.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 79
Abdomen nearly black above, with four lemon-yellow dots on the lower segments ; beneath lemon-yellow. Legs black above, white beneath.
Upper side of fore wing transparent, with tawny, black and yellow markings. Costa black. Discoidal space transparent, with dusting of tawny scales towards the base, and a suggestion of a black spot near the centre. A heavy dusting of black scales extends from the costa downwards across the end of the discoidal space, suffusing to hind margin along the median nervure, and also along the first submedian nervule, somewhat tawny near the margin. Apical area black. Between the apical area and the band or dusting of black scales above noted, the space is trans- parent, heavily dusted with brown scales near the costa. ‘The space below median nervure to the hind margin is black, with tawny scales along the nervure. |
The upper side of hind wing has the same ground colouring. The upper half of the wing, including the discoidal space and its immediate surroundings, is transparent, the nervures and nervules being heavily dusted with lemon-yellow. The edges of this transparent area are black, the lower portion forming a band across the wing from the centre of inner margin nearly to the upper angle. This transparent area shows a tendency to extend downwards to hind margin in the first submedian interspace. Below this the area to hind margin is tawny. The hind margin has a generous black border, wavy on its basal edge.
The under side of both wings is the same as upper surfaces, the dusting of lemon-yellow scales being more marked. At the apex of the fore wing are four interspacial white spots, and in the black border of the hind margin of the lower wing is a series of prominent interspacial white spots.
Variations.—This species varies greatly in the density and suffusions of its markings, ‘The transparent area of the lower wing in some speci- mens extends downwards to hind margin, cutting off the black band and the tawny area at the first submedian nervule. The white spots at apex of the under side of fore wing are at times entirely wanting.
Euselasia How/landi, sp. nov.
Habitat : Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, 1.12 inches.
Head and abdomen mouse colour. Palpi white. Thorax mouse colour above, with a few lighter hairs; beneath gray. Antenne mouse
80 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
colour, with minute white annulations at base of each joint. Club mouse colour, tipped with brown. Legs tawny.
Upper side of fore wing mouse colour, excepting an area within a line drawn from base along median nervure to a point one quarter inch from hind margin, thence downward to inner margin, parallel to hind margin. This area, covering one-third of the total wing area, is light gray,
dusted with darker scales near the base. The hind margin has a slight mouse-coloured fringe, becoming white near lower angle.
Upper side of hind wing dark mouse colour, the central area very slightly lighter. Hind margin dentated, and with a white fringe. Along the edge is a dark line slightly touched with tawny on basal side, lower margin grayish white.
Under side of fore wing very light gray, with tawny markings. A prominent tawny line runs from costa downwards across the centre of the discoidal space to the junction of the lower submedian nervule, some- what concaved, thence straight to inner margin. Beyond this line, nearer apex, is a similar line running from costa downwards across the end of the discoidal space nearly to inner margin. A third line runs from costa to inner margin one-sixteenth inch from hind margin. The interspaces between this line and the line next nearer the base are heavily dashed with tawny, from a line of spots from the costa downward. ‘The central spot of this series, in interspace above the second submedian nervule, is nearly absent. The margin is lined with tawny, the space to the first marginal line being somewhat darker, and dashed with white scales in the inter- spaces.
Under side of hind wing very nearly duplicates the under side of fore wing in general appearance. The tawny line first above noted in- fore wing is continued, starting on the costa near its base, and running downwards across the centre of the discoidal space, and then disappearing. The next tawny line runs downwards from the costa across the end of the discoidal space to the first submedian nervule, where it turns at a right angle and runs to the inner margin. This line is somewhat dentated in the interspaces. The area outside of this, to the marginal line, is very light gray, with a series of interspacial tawny dustings, a continuance of the same in fore wing. The hind margin has a white fringe, within which is a tawny line, and within that a fine, well-developed black thread, following the dentated contour of the margin.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 81
TRICHOGRAMMA PRETIOSA, RILEY: COLOUR VARIA- TION: IN THE ADULT, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A’ NEW VARIETY.
BY A. ARSENE GIRAULT, WASHINGTON, D. C.
In the original description of this insect,* Dr, Riley says that on account of its uniform pale yellow colour it is easily distinguished from Trichogramma minutum, Riley, which is black. Unfortunately, this does not hold.t Out of the hundreds of specimens of frefzosa reared during the entire season of 1904, at Paris, Texas, from the eggs of Heliothis obsoleta, Fabricius, there appeared from a lot of host eggs on Sept. 2oth a number of dark individuals, which could easily have been mistaken for a distinct species. Previous to this, all of the individuals had been normally coloured.
The origin and subsequent history of this variety is as follows:
On the roth, rrth and 12th of September a generation of 11 males and 22 females, all normaily coloured, emerged in confinement from the host eggs on tomato leaves brought in from the field. Sixty-four eggs from moths in confinement were then supplied them on Sept. 11th, and
freely parasitized. As a result, there emerged from these parasitized eggs a second generation of 53 males and 58 females, plus 11.
This second generation varied considerably, some of the individuals were very dark, others wholly black. The variation consisted in very light brown to a deep black, and gradations were present from one to the other. In the latter, the black first appeared in the abdomen, and as the variation became greater extended to the thorax and head, until the whole body became black. In this generation the variety was present in the proportion of 1 to 7. Both the typical specimens and the variety were freely copulating with each other.
The adults of this second generation were supplied with 48 fertile host eggs from moths kept in confinement, on Sept. 21st. Oviposition took place, and asa result a third generation began to appear on Sept. 30th. This generation consisted of 47 adults, of which 7 males and 7 femaies were the black variety.
*CANADiAN Enr., 1879, XI., pp. 161-162.
tDyar, 1893, CANADIAN EnT., XXV., p. 256, mentioned that the males of Jretzosa are often black on the dorsum of the abdomen.
March, 1906
82 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
In turn, the third generation was allowed to parasitize numerous hosts from moths in confinement during the rst of October. As formerly, the dark and light specimens were intermating. The resulting fourth generation emerged on Oct. 14th, consisting of 25 specimens, including 5 males and 7 females of the black variety.
Eight males and 16 females of the fourth generation parasitized on Oct. 14th hosts from the field. The resulting fifth successive generation began to appear on Nov. 2nd, when a single specimen emerged. Others emerged at intervals up to Nov. rsth. There were 4 females, 3 males, plus 7, ali the dark variety. Three females and two of the males were totally black, one male dark, and the remaining specimens were dusky.
A supplementary fifth generation was obtained from a single black female of the fourth generation, which parasitized five hosts on Oct. 14th.
The 9 descendants of this black variety were all black; there were 5 males and 4 females. ‘They appeared on Nov. 7, and later.
Because of the lateness of the season, the parasites began to hiber-
nate, and the work was discontinued. As it became colder the proportion of black individuals increased.
During October and early November fretiosa reared from hosts collected from the leaves of corn, included many dark specimens. In fact, the majority were moderately dark, a few entirely black, while many were gradations, having the abdomen only black. Three specimens issuing on Noy. ath from a single host egg from the field, were similar in colour, the head and thorax yellow, the abdomen black. ‘Thus the varia- tion was not confined to the individuals kept in confinement. It appeared to be quite general. The variety may be named as follows :
Trichogramma pretiosa, Riley, var. nigra, n. var.
Like the type. The whole body uniformly black, excepting the antenne, eyes, legs and wings. Gradating specimens of all degrees present.
From many males and females reared from the eggs of /He/tothis obsoleta, Fabricius, at Paris, Texas, during September, October, and early November, 1904, in connection with the Cotton Bollworm Investigations, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Preserved specimens in balsam, therefore no type.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 83
E COCCID GENUS EULECANIUM. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, BOULDER, COLO.
Some years ago I attempted to make tables to separate the species of Eulecanium. The attempt was not wholly successful ; partly on account of the difficulty of the subject, and partly because there are no doubt more names than species in this genus, and the first step should probably be to reduce a number to the synonymy. Certain characters of undoubted value could not be used because they were not known for many species ; for example, the characters derived from the males and the larve. The minute characters described by Mr. Thro, of Cornell University, are in the same case; but their value is rather uncertain for closely-allied forms. ‘The forms separated by Mr. Thro were nearly all widely separated otherwise—in fact, of different genera as we now under- stand them—and hence it remains to apply his test to a more difficult and closely-allied series.
The tables are presented herewith, not because they are perfectly safe guides to the identity of the species, but rather because of their value as indicating groupings, and suggesting the lines of future work. They will at any rate save some trouble in going through descriptions. When a name occurs twice, the species is variable.
(1.) Long. ro-11%, lat. 6-9 mm. (a) Larger as a rule, dark red-brown, with white powder ; antennz
7-jointed . BRE Leet rig! eieee Sar One te a ceroe inci: Sale cea ea (b) Not over 10 mm. ang: Brow sometimes Sariea with cyclen antennce: G-JOmtee sy ..0 5. eke a ee Ae ate gs ee
(2.) Long. 8-9 mm. (a) Convex ; antenne 6-jointed. (l)ipepssrather slender > fin. a kel ees ees te DV ee (11) Legs short and robust ; scale reddish-brown, sometimes mottled with yellow (fyrz is darker and _ not
mottled). (b) Tibia equal to tarsus, fide ogee ood ECTS (bb) Tibia longer ...... Fea OR Sia ant oie eee nae ares
(acerts and capre@ are no daub 2 one species.) The distinction of pyrz and aceris is further confirmed by the
males : (i) g yellow, with wide brownish thoracic band....... pyre. (ii) ¢ light reddish-brown, with darker band on_ thorax ; abdomen, antenne and legs yellowish ......... acer ts.
March, 1906
84 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
(aa) Less convex ; antennee 7- or 8-jointed.
(i) Scale with two prominent tubercles ; antennz SHOMECHS ore puree: eee eee akc eid Oh anal nO eine
(ii) Scale without such tubercles. (b) Antenne 7-jointed ; scale alt. 214-3 mm... mor?. (bb) Antenne 8-jointed. fe) Jomiscawa. ig cneanly edualsye. nix geniste. (cc) Joint 3 longer than 4, and this longer than 5. (d) 5, 6, 7 nearly equal; scale nar- rower, 3 mm. wide; second an-
tennal joint with one hair only, Ehis Vey OG eect ees elongatum.
(dd) 6 longer than 7, and may be longer than 5 ; scale broader, 4% mm. wide ; second antennal joint with two long hairs... .magnoliarum. (3.) Long. 7 mm. (a) Convex, alt. usually 5 or 6 mm. (i) Antennee 8-jointed ; legs short and robust, tarsus longer Phebe tee 5. RAS asia eee oe wies Douctasz, (ii) Antennz 7-jointed ; tarsus shorter than tibia.
(b)aless long and slender.) .0 icc; 0 te nee
(bb) Legs robust ; scale higher, alt. 5 mm ......admz.
(iii) Antennee 6-jointed ; legs robust, tarsus shorter than tibia ; scale highest of this group; alt.6mm........capreé.
(ulmi and capree are probably one species. ) (aa) Less convex, alt. not over 4 mm., usually less. (i) Antenne 8-jointed.
(b) Not pruinose; legs ordinary...........7osarum. (bb) Pruinose ; anterior legs with tarsi very Bi@ads..- cas uh ois arsta Lae en OPO Orga (ii) Antenne 7-jointed, joints 3 and 4 about equal; legs ordinary (b) Pruinose with a whitish powder..... pruinosum. (bb) Not pruinose. (c) More convex, 4 mm. high...... guercifex.
(cc) Less convex, not over 3 mm. high. . . morz.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 85
(4.) Long. 6-6'% mm. (a) Convex, alt. 4 to 6 mm. (i) Antenne 6-jointed. {b) Legs slender; 4 abdomen as wide as
¢
LUNES Saye oe” ola ie aan rr eo Pata tinsee eh pe ALLE:
(bb) Legs robust ; tibia longer than tarsus. (c) Scale finely punctured; alt. 6 mm., the highest of this group ..........capree.
(cc) Seale strongly punctured on the sides ; alt. 4 mm.; ¢ abdomen hardly half as Widerds. Thora 6a oer ere 2 BSCE:
(ii) Antenne 7 jointed ; scale not pruinose ; legs ordinary. (b) Scale hemispherical ; legs rather slender. .7odznze. (bb) Scale with the anterior part very convex, the posterior depressed’. ooh: age os ae acacia (aa) Less convex, alt. 3 mm. or less. (i) Antennee 8-jointed ; European. (b) Anterior legs with very broad tarsi... . berberidis. (bb) Leos tondimar years woos csr cartes ae = 2 ROSIER (11) Antenne 7-jointed ; Canadian. (b) Third joint very long ; scale ait. 2 2/e TON eat cadet alo tanca heron Raita we... caryarum. (bb) Third joint not especially long ; scale
Spl SOS oe oe ats ea, See a EM eee fae (ii) Antenne 6-jointed; France .............cidiatum, var. (5.) Long. 5-534 mm. (a) Flattened form. . (i) Antenne 6-jointed......... Kansasense (alt. 2 mm.) and [| Fo/somi (alt. 1% mm.). (ii) Antennze 7-jointed ... Zintnerz, asstmile and aurantiacum. (ui) Antenne 8-jointed.....hortensia, berberidis and persice. (aa) Less flat, alt. 2to3mm............Guignardi, ciliatum and | distinguendum. (aaa) Convex to subglobular.......Hoferz, antennatum, quercitrontis,
|Actuberculatum, caryarum, corni, cynosbati, pyri, [robinie, robiniarum, rubt, rugosum, Canadense.
86
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
(6.) Long. 4-4 + mm.
(a) Very convex ....guercitronts, gibber, prunastri, robinia, Cana- [| dense, variegatum, perornatum.
(aa) Less convex ........Guignardi, rose, Marchali, maclurarum, [ cer ast, robiniarum, rugosum, tarsale.
(aaa) Flattish.......LZustnert, Lymant, rufulum, assimile, aurantia-
|cum. Kansasense, armentacum, Folsomt.
(7.) Long. 3-3 + mm.
(a) CON VER ORF Ciset Gi Sy en ie oral oe in AIMLEL OIL ECO LES sD) (tae ae
(aa) Less convex.....7ufulum, pallidior, aurantiacum, Kansasense.
| Zymant.
alata) SECT Ghee ae a ea ea oak 2 Sin a. cco ae eee en ened eerie eno na (82) song s2—2 os MMM le ae a OS EY, a a APSE eae
The following supplementary tables are based on the antennz ; the
measurements are all in p:
PATTEM Me O-GINCEE: 20) EGG. oe ale eigen ie ae a eed ce) A EMM GeMIN G2) 7 SOMME s)he oe he, edtne Cio Minted oar ae eae an ANAL b apa Ree een ee MARES TITS OT OMNES Gl E7552 -sisiscl vets Beka’ wha Gene Oke, Bane once es Oa ee I. JOmts: 2 and 4 equaly6 as lone or neatly, so 4%<\.. Lustneri, King (cf, [Reh:, Zeit. t-Ent., 1903.sp.4eo.
Joint 3 always longest, and very much longer than 2, 4 or 5 ......2.
2. Joint 6 long, not very much shorter than 3... xufulumand pallidior. ‘Jomt 6. very- much ‘Shorter thaia3rs.oh2. 2 2. eee ees no eee ee
3. 2 shorter than 4 or 5, 6 not much shorter than 5.....//oferi (King). 2 Jvoumequal tO-4s0r5 (Compare rmalsO: cori) sos Pie erwin el
2 Jongeritian 4-01 5. <1. . S NEPA eSee ek UA. cat Vee aa
4. 6 shorter than 4, which is longer than 2 or 5..guercifex var. (Mass.). 6 much longer than 4 or 5, which areequal........ Websteri, var. on
| Cytisus, from Hamburg (fide King).
6 longer than 4 or 5, 5 longer than 4..... some Kansas armentacum.
5. Joint 5 obviously longer than 4....Zymanz (on oak), Canadense (on [elm), prunastri and armeniacum.
4. and 5 equal or almost so’........ 3... .tarsa/e (Mass., on Cozams,
[vose (on rose), sp. (Germany, on Prunus), Folsomi [(on pawpaw), capree (of Douglas), nzgrofasciatum. § Shorter: than 4. 0's. sie etn eee fos PO ate eee are Sepa een
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST?. 87
6. Scale with a broad central boss.......ci//atum (France), Kansasense
8.
LO:
ie
13
14.
16.
[(Kansas). (The legs are larger in eeZvatum than in Kansasense.) Scale without such a boss................ Websteri (Ohio), Kingii. Joint 3 longest, very long, much longer than 4. Ata RASS Ai SE of: 3 longest, but not very long, a little longer thin Vea shoeesr 4 SHOE? Chai: Pia ieomec tide wet Se oe ROSATI Of KINS, ANG. ten. 1 longest, 2 and 3 nearly as long, or 3 shorter; 4 conspicuously shorter than 3; 5 a little longer than 4 or 6.........perornatum # conspicuously the longeai'5’shorter shan aie 5 es Fee se 4 longer than 3, but not greatly so, or equal with 3.......... ..15. 3 longer than 4, but not greatly so, or equal with 4.............17. Joint 4 much longer than 5; 5 and 6 shortest and
equal..............Canadense (Maine, on elm), carye (cf. King). 4, 5, © short and equal or subequat (of capree and ciliatum) ......0.
Joint 7 short, about as ae as 40r 5; 6a little shorter (TE Tapio as teay vem ae le MOP iar Enea «ARENA ATA EPIRA RE i 0 29 8727. 7 plainly longer than 4, 5 or 6. ANOS A Prt <a op ae ah eA apne agen Bra) S 6 shorter than 5 es ee Pinon he Se Atel ake eee Raita: 0; EQ UalnOleG. a eile TOMBS sc) ou 6c neal oa ees 4s = a ee BRO VEIRO fle on epee oy HM ay aural EAL En wae RROD Soak we MOUNGEES 76 Meco ts os Acid GEE robinie from Phosnie Ariz., on | osage orange. 3 about 80 p......supposed robinze from Phoenix, Ariz., on Schinus | mol/e ; sp. incert. from Springfield, Mass., on Quercus (cf. King.) OOO BON eee ren avers take aay eens 2 ah Cabins eee a ieee! odo OR, wh aha aetany ovat Siero e Mean GENE 2-20, LOSE! flee hake een nen... seein dra oceans MOM aaa hs TIRED DE TEBE, OMNES 2OAO7TO ROME loy rd as ceca oh See ol aia ie cee eae en tne ee LOU YELLE, 5 and 6 equal......... ..dituberculatum from Stuttgart (cf. King). plouger than 6... ope bec le ne) 2 bmberculatum trom Oregor: Par T epeytes aparece eta ed a ican sro ee Rk mee ional PR CECE ESE Tee 2 longer than 3, 7 as long as 4......... robiniarum (original figure). Sh SPE GS ee Aas oD. rch Gao aR SEES ETE Piiope ait ee here ee acres a wiclsp 2 ESSUMULE,” VOFICL LAME Rehi. American... ee es , ker ee (Les Vegas Hot Springs,
[N. M.), sp. on rose from Ohio, Guignardi, | Fitchii, armentacum (California).
S88 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
17. Joint 5 longer than 6. .....cynosbati, rose, aurantiacum, quercifex, [ fraxint. 5 and 6 equal, or 6 longer... ..armentacum (Calif. and Kans.), cory
[of King and Reh, Lymantz, persice? (Canada, under [glass, and from Dr. Reh, cf. King, prucnosum, [guercitronis (Ariz. and Calif.), vinz of King and [Reh, vob:nte? (Tempe, Ariz., on osage-orange), [guercifex (of Signoret), takachthoi (Japan), Cana-
[dense (Maine, on elm), sp. on tulip'tree, R. I. Fan. ount<3 Coen el longest, 5 conspicuously shorter than 4 or 6, 7 shortest of all; 8, 5 and 2 about the same length. .maguoliarum. 3 longest, but not long, 5 and 8 about equal, and not much shorter than 3, 4 conspicuously shorter than 3 or 5....prunastri (France). 3 and 4 subequal, or sometimes 3, sometimes 4, a little the longer. . 19. 4 longest, much longer than 3, 3 and 5 about equal...... Aortensie. 3 longest, and rather long, 4 conspicuously longer than 5; 5 being conspicuously shorter than 4, but a little longer than 6........20.
3 longest, 4. and 5 equal-or subequal 22 jonas «1 = nah eee eee 19. 5, 6 and 7 shortest, and equal or almost 22.02. 0... vee ss» suUOStmuUe (Chihuahua) and Gerbera, 6 and 7 shortest ea equal, uae 5 conspicuously longer... .Aortensze@. 20. 8 short, shorter than 4, 7 a little shorter than 6...........guercifex. 8 longer, longer than 4, 7 a little longer than 6........persice ? (Canada, on peach under glass, cf. King). 23.3. very long, much longer than any other jomt..+ . 2000 2. eee 3 not very long, usually quite short ; 4 shorter CU ADKS) cas . Cockerelli, rosarum of King and Reh, Marchali. 22 uepomts, A545. (6; ASat ae «be dD SRL oS aay i oe 5 longer than 4 or 6 . Wie cieotr ck hep are gsine Sa eae aaa TRUS « Cockerelli.
"The occurrence of thie same species in er different apes in the above table shows the great variability of the antenne of these insects ; yet I do not believe for a moment that this variability is indiscriminate, or that the antenne are useless for purposes of identification. They must, however, be used cautiously in this genus, and in conjunction with other characters.
I do not expect to pay much more.attention to this genus myself; for
Mr. J. A. Sanders, with much better opportunities than I possess, is about to begin an investigation of it; and he will undoubtedly make many things clear which have been obscure.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 89
PRELIMINARY LIST OF THE MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA - OF ALBERTA, N.-W.T.
BY F. H, WOLLEY DOD, MILLARVILLE, ALBERTA. (Continued from page 54.) GEOMETRIDA,
[ Nore.—The generic names are as used by Rev. G. W. Taylor. |
452. Rachela Bruceata, Hulst.—Not observed previous to 1808. It appeared in millions in 1902, and in the following year was still more abundant. In those two years hundreds of acres of Populus tremuloides were completely denuded by the larve during June. It appeared to be aided in its depredations by a Tortrix, the name of which I have not yet discovered, but subsequent observation brings me ,to believe that by far
the greater part of the denudation was caused by this species. I rarely saw more than eight or ten acres cleared in one patch, usually much less, but Its ravages extended over a large tract of country, some twenty square miles, between Fish and Sheep Creeks. Beyond that I did not travel where there were poplars in any quantity. Salix was also attacked, but not so vigorously, The moths appeared in early October, and the apterous females could be found in numbers hanging with the males on the leafless twigs of poplars after dark. The males flew freely in the daytime, but in far greater numbers at dusk. Both the Rev. G.W.Taylor and Dr. Fletcher have seen the species.
453. Talledega montanata, Pack—Two ¢ ¢ anda @. June 23rd to 28th, 1898 and 1904. Occurs at both the Billing’s Mill locality and on Pine Creek.
454. Lupithecta (Tephroclystis) Regina, Taylor (MSS.)—Fairly common some years, flying at dusk. End June and July.
455. &. borealis, Hulst?>—Mr. Taylor has a specimen from me, dated July 21st, 1901, on which he comments: ‘A prairie species, and in Mr. Hanham’s collection from Winnipeg, bearing Hulst’s label dorea/is, but does not agree with the description.” I am not aware that I have taken another specimen oi the same species.
456.. £. Casfoata, Dyar (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXVII., 891).— Described from two specimens taken at Kaslo. Eight specimens are at present in my series, and I fancy the species is not altogether rare here.
July to middle of August. March, 1906
90 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
457. £. nimbicolor, Hulst.—Described from here. ‘The description says, “wings very uniform, blackish-fuscous, blackish cross-lines very faintly showing.” ‘Though I cannot, with certainty, trace back the speci- men or specimens from which Hulst described the species, a careful process of elimination turns the probability upon one of two specimens, upon which he commented in a letter to me, dated June 14th, 1895 : “They are probably m/serudata, Grt., but the lines are very indistinct.” One of these specimens was returned to me at that time. It is badly worm and greasy, but does not misfit the description. It is labelled ‘“ Mouth of Fish Creek, June 3rd, 1894.”’. Mr. Taylor has seen it, and has two others from here of the same species, dated May 27th and June 3rd. He feels confident that they are the wzmézcolor of Hulst, and writes me: ‘* The species is well marked, and I do not know of any other with which it can be confused.” Hulst mentions no data as attached to the type.
458. &. multistrigata, Hulst.—Mr. Taylor says: “ This is mudtz- strigata, without much doubt. Dr. Barnes has the type, and has sent me a specimen agreeing with yours, but it is smaller.” In the Kootenai list under this name Dr. Dyar mentions two specimens, which, he says, ‘agree in general with a specimen from Calgary, communicated to me by Rev. George W. Taylor.” Mr. Taylor, however, tells me “ this is not the species called mu/tistrigata by Dr. Dyar in the Kootenai list....The Kaslo species is quite different.” I have a Calgary specimen labelled by Mr. Taylor, dated June 2tst, 1895, and at least two other specimens are certainly the same, June 23rd and July 4th, 1898. The description does not misfit, but 24 mm. is given as the expanse, whereas mine vary from 25 (iG) to 27 mim. (9 ).
459. £. ravocostaliata, Pack.—Decidedly rare. April 23rd to end of May.
460. HE. castigata, Haw. 2—Mr. Taylor returned me a 9? so